lab 8

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Texas State University *

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1131

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Biology

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Apr 3, 2024

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Name: BIO 1131 Spring 2024 Lab 8 Assignment Make a copy of this document, fill in your answers during and after your lab in google docs, and then download as a .docx or .pdf file to submit to Canvas by your lab section’s due date. Y OU WILL NEED TO ACCESS THIS SPREADSHEET TO COMPLETE THE LAB EXERCISES : P OP E COL D ATA Experiment 1: Quadrat Sampling 1. Experiment 1: Sampling (pages 36-38 in Lab Exercises book). a. What was your estimated population size for the plants in Tray 1? 291.6 b. What were your estimates for the population sizes of green and red plants for Tray 2? green: 385.2 red: 313.2 2. How accurate do you think your population estimates were for Experiment 1? Justify your response. My population estimates were very accurate because I physically counted every plant in the trays. This direct observation method minimizes potential errors in estimation. 3. For which types of organisms would quadrat sampling work well? For which would quadrat sampling work very poorly? Explain your reasoning. Quadrat sampling works well for stationary organisms like plants because they remain in the same location, facilitating accurate counting within defined sampling areas. However, it would work better for organisms that can move, such as animals, because they may leave or enter the sampling area during the sampling period, leading to accurate population estimates.

Experiment 2: Mark-Recapture 4. Paste the figures that you created from the second tab of the Google Sheets data entry file with your data from Experiment 2. (population size and distribution with proportion error) 2

5. Compare the Lincoln-Peterson Index estimate of Population size (N) to the Actual N and the proportion of error across the different population sizes and population distributions from your model simulations. What trends do you observe? Why do you think this is the case? Across different population sizes and distributions, the Lincoln-Peterson Index tends to underestimate smaller populations and overestimate larger ones. Interestingly, when populations are clumped together, the estimates are closer to the actual size compared to uniformly or randomly distributed populations. This observation suggests that the way individuals are grouped in a population significantly affects the accuracy of estimation. Essentially, it's like trying to count a group of friends spread out in a park versus those sitting closely together on a bench—it's easier to get an accurate count when they're clustered. 6. If predators selectively consume marked individuals, would there be an increase or decrease in the accuracy of your population size estimate? Would your estimate be higher or lower than the true population? Why do you think this is the case? (Hint: think about how this would affect the equation N=(MxS)/R If predators selectively consume marked individuals, there would likely be a decrease in the accuracy of the population size estimate. This is because marked individuals, being more vulnerable, would be disproportionately preyed upon, leading to an underestimation of the true population size. The estimate would be lower than the true population size due to the decrease in the number of marked individuals available for recapture in the Lincoln-Peterson Index equation. 3

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