Quiz 1 Basic Cell Biology and Cell Membrane Structure

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Florence-Darlington Technical College *

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MISC

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Biology

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Apr 3, 2024

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docx

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Flag question: Question 1 Question 1 2.5 pts All cells in a multicellular organism have normally developed from a single cell and share the same genome, but can nevertheless be wildly different in their shape and function. What in the eukaryotic genome is responsible for this cell-type diversity? Group of answer choices The genes that encode transcription regulatory proteins The regulatory sequences that control the expression of genes The genes that code for molecules involved in receiving cellular signals The genes that code for molecules involved in sending cellular signals to other cells All of the above Flag question: Question 2 Question 2 2.5 pts Indicate if each of the following descriptions matches actin filaments (A), microtubules (M), or intermediate filaments (I). Your answer would be a four-letter string composed of letters A, M, and I only; e.g. AAMM. ( ) They form hollow structures with multiple lateral interactions. ( ) They form strong structures that are more resilient than the other two cytoskeletal filaments. ( ) Their subunits bind GTP and hydrolyze it. ( ) They form coiled-coil interactions between the subunits. Group of answer choices AIMI MIMI AMIM AIMA MIMA Flag question: Question 3 Question 3 2.5 pts

Which of the following changes is more likely to further confine a membrane protein within a corral established by the cortical cytoskeletal network? Group of answer choices Increased temperature Protease cleavage of the extracellular domain of the protein Binding to an extracellular ligand Protease cleavage of the cytosolic domain of the protein Binding of the protein to other transmembrane proteins Flag question: Question 4 Question 4 2.5 pts From left to right, indicate if each of the following schematic drawings represents the typical overall organization of actin filaments (A), microtubules (M), or intermediate filaments (I) in an animal cell. Your answer would be a three-letter string composed of letters A, M, and I only; e.g. AMI. Group of answer choices AIM MAI MIA

AMI IMA Flag question: Question 5 Question 5 2.5 pts A virus … Group of answer choices is a type of cell. has genetic material made of proteins. can only infect a single host species. can act as a vector for gene transfer. cannot persist in its host for more than one cell generation. Flag question: Question 6 Question 6 2.5 pts Which of the following actin-binding proteins cannot bind to the same actin filament simultaneously? Group of answer choices Gelsolin and tropomodulin Tropomyosin and tropomodulin Profilin and tropomodulin Cofilin and CapZ Formin and CapZ Flag question: Question 7 Question 7 2.5 pts Cofilin binds preferentially to ADP-containing actin filaments rather than to ATP- containing filaments. Consequently, this protein … Group of answer choices

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competes with profilin for actin binding. binds to older actin filaments. binds to the plus end of actin filaments. stabilizes actin filaments. All of the above. Flag question: Question 8 Question 8 2.5 pts If myosin II heads are attached to a glass slide and actin filaments are allowed to bind to them, the filaments will glide on the surface … Group of answer choices toward their plus end in the presence of ATP. toward their plus end in the presence of GTP. toward their minus end in the presence of ATP. toward their minus end in the presence of GTP. toward their plus end in the presence of ADP. Flag question: Question 9 Question 9 2.5 pts For each membrane protein in the following schematic drawings, indicate whether the cytoplasmic side of the membrane is more likely to be on the left (L) or on the right (R). Your answer would be a four-letter string composed of letters L and R only, e.g. RRRR.

Group of answer choices LLRL RLRR LLRR RRLL RLRL Flag question: Question 10 Question 10 2.5 pts Which of the following is normally NOT found in a eukaryotic membrane? Group of answer choices Cholesterol Phosphatidylinositol Sphingomyelin Ganglioside G M1 Octylglucoside Flag question: Question 11 Question 11 2.5 pts Which of the following categories of drugs has the potential to impair production of farnesyl groups? Group of answer choices High blood pressure medication Birth control medication Cholesterol lowering medication

Drugs treating acid reflux/GERD None of these Flag question: Question 12 Question 12 2.5 pts Indicate true (T) and false (F) statements below regarding cytoskeletal motor proteins. Your answer would be a five-letter string composed of letters T and F only, e.g. TTTFF. ( ) All myosin motors move toward the plus end of actin filaments. ( ) All myosin motors move toward the minus end of actin filaments. ( ) All kinesin motors move toward the plus end of microtubules. ( ) All kinesin motors move toward the minus end of microtubules. ( ) All dynein motors move toward the minus end of microtubules. Group of answer choices FFFFT FTFFT TFTFF FFTFF FTFFF Flag question: Question 13 Question 13 2.5 pts The γ-tubulin ring complex is to microtubules as … is to actin filaments. Group of answer choices the Arp 2/3 complex the dynactin complex the troponin complex formin contractile ring Flag question: Question 14

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Question 14 2.5 pts Indicate whether each of the following descriptions applies to cilia (C), flagella (F), or both (B). Your answer would be a four-letter string composed of letters C, F, and B only, e.g. CCFB. ( ) They are short and present at high numbers per cell. ( ) They have a whiplike motion that resembles breaststroke in swimming. ( ) They are based on the axoneme structure. ( ) They are found in the epithelial cells of the human respiratory tract. Group of answer choices CFBC CCBC BCBC CFBF BBFC Flag question: Question 15 Question 15 2.5 pts Which of the following changes would you expect to increase the phase transition temperature of a synthetic bilayer composed of phosphatidylserine? Group of answer choices Incorporation of phospholipids with longer fatty acid chains. Introduction of double bonds in the fatty acids. Addition of cholesterol. Removal of serine from the head group. None of the above. Flag question: Question 16 Question 16 2.5 pts Which of the following is NOT an example of a crawling cell? Group of answer choices

Macrophage Osteoclast Keratocyte Neural crest cell Sperm Flag question: Question 17 Question 17 2.5 pts Which of these carbohydrates is not water soluble? Group of answer choices Glycogen Fructose Cellulose Lactose Flag question: Question 18 Question 18 2.5 pts Which of these lipids is preferentially utilized as an energy store in human metabolism? Group of answer choices Cholesterol Triglycerides Phosphatidylcholine Ergosterol Flag question: Question 19 Question 19 2.5 pts Which of these lipids is used in the synthesis of progesterone, testosterone and estrogen?

Group of answer choices Cholesterol Triglycerides Phosphatidylcholine Ergosterol Flag question: Question 20 Question 20 2.5 pts Which of these describes a possible cellular use of proteins in human metabolism? Group of answer choices Used as enzymes Used as receptors Used as antibodies All of these Flag question: Question 21 Question 21 2.5 pts Which of these proteins assumes a quaternary structure in its biochemically active state? Group of answer choices Chymotrypsin Elastase Hemoglobin None of these Flag question: Question 22 Question 22 2.5 pts Which of these nitrogenous bases is not a pyrimidine?

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Group of answer choices Thymine Uracil Guanine Cytosine Flag question: Question 23 Question 23 2.5 pts Which of these cellular substructures is the site of ribosome synthesis? Group of answer choices Peroxisomes Nuceolus Rough ER Mitochondria Flag question: Question 24 Question 24 2.5 pts The site of synthesis and secretion of very low density lipoproteins in the cell is the; Group of answer choices Free ribosomes Golgi apparatus Cytoskeleton Junction of rough and smooth ER Flag question: Question 25 Question 25 2.5 pts Which of these does not describe an ideal model organism used in cellular biology research?

Group of answer choices Easy to grow Produces few offsprings Allows controlled mating Short generation time Flag question: Question 26 Question 26 2.5 pts E. coli is an excellent model organism for studying cell cycle regulation and protein sorting because it is not a eukaryote. Group of answer choices True False Flag question: Question 27 Question 27 2.5 pts The first plant genome to be completed and is used as a model organism for studying gene regulation; Group of answer choices Saccharomyces cerevisiae Drosophilia melanogaster Arabidopsis Thaliana Dana Rerio Flag question: Question 28 Question 28 2.5 pts The rate limiting step in actin filament formation is nucleation. Group of answer choices true

False Flag question: Question 29 Question 29 2.5 pts In a neutrophil that is moving towards an invading bacterial organism, the arrangement of actin filaments is such that the plus-end is directed toward the cell membrane while the minus-end is directed inward. Group of answer choices True False Flag question: Question 30 Question 30 2.5 pts Which of these chemical agents inhibits actin polymerization by capping the plus-end of the growing actin filament? Group of answer choices Phalloidin Latrunculin Nocodazole Cytochalasin B Flag question: Question 31 Question 31 2.5 pts This chemotherapeutic agent derived from the Yew tree exhibits its effects by binding along microtubule filaments and stabilizing them; Group of answer choices Paclitaxel Colchicine Phalloidin

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Nocodazole Flag question: Question 32 Question 32 2.5 pts Which of these actin-associated proteins is not involved in cross-linking,filament bundling and attachment of actin filaments to the membranes? Group of answer choices alpha actinin Spectrin Tropomyosin Filamin Flag question: Question 33 Question 33 2.5 pts This protein typically binds ADP-actin actin filaments to promotes their rapid disassembly; Group of answer choices Gelsolin Cofilin Thymosin Capping proteins Flag question: Question 34 Question 34 2.5 pts Which of these myosin types usually moves toward the minus-end of the actin filament? Group of answer choices I II VI

VII Flag question: Question 35 Question 35 2.5 pts The GTP-bound form of alpha-tubulin cannot be hydrolyzed, therefore it remains a part of the tubulin structure irrespective of the functional state of the tubulin. Group of answer choices True False Flag question: Question 36 Question 36 2.5 pts The nucleation of microtubules at the MTOC is promoted by the presence of this form of tubulin; Group of answer choices Alpha Beta Delta Gamma Flag question: Question 37 Question 37 2.5 pts Which of these microtubule-binding proteins is not involved in microtubule bundling and cross-linking? Group of answer choices Kinesin-13 tau MAP2 Plectin

Flag question: Question 38 Question 38 2.5 pts This microtubule-binding protein stabilizes the plus end of the microtubule and promotes its rescue; Group of answer choices Katanin XMAP215 Stathmin MAPs Flag question: Question 39 Question 39 2.5 pts Axonemal dyneins are involved in organelle and mRNA transport, intraflagellar transport, centrosome and nucleus positioning. Group of answer choices Frue False Flag question: Question 40 Question 40 2.5 pts Primary cilia are examples of motile cilia found in the respiratory epithelium in humans where they serve to expel mucus. Group of answer choices True False Flag question: Question 41 Question 41 2.5 pts The most abundant class of membrane lipids are the; Group of answer choices

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Phospholipids Sterols Triglycerols Glycolipids Flag question: Question 42 Question 42 2.5 pts The fluidity of a cell membrane is humans is significantly increased by longer-chain fatty acids and saturated fatty acids. Group of answer choices True False Flag question: Question 43 Question 43 2.5 pts Membrane that fave harsh environments like the intestinal brush border cells tend to have a higher fraction of sphingolipids because their free hydroxyl groups can form hydrogen bonds with othe sphingolipids and thereby stabilize the membranes. Group of answer choices True False Flag question: Question 44 Question 44 2.5 pts Which of these does not describe a function of lipid rafts in the cell membrane; Group of answer choices They determine the shape of the cell They help concentrate proteins for transport They help with dynamic protein interactions in membranes

They can confer conformational changes to membrane proteins Flag question: Question 45 Question 45 2.5 pts Membrane lipids are symmetricall distributed between the inner and outer leaflets of the cellular membranes. Group of answer choices True False Flag question: Question 46 Question 46 2.5 pts The ganglioside GM1 expressed on intestinal cells acts as a receptor for the bacterial organism that causes Tuberculosis. Group of answer choices True False Flag question: Question 47 Question 47 2.5 pts Which of these conditions do you think would result from a defective Glycosyphosphatidyl inositol synthesis for anchoring membrane proteins? Group of answer choices Sickle cells disease Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglbinuria Severe Combined Immunodeficiency syndrome All of these Flag question: Question 48 Question 48 2.5 pts WHich of these lipid is not typically used for attaching proteins to the cytoplasmic face of cell membrnaes?

Group of answer choices Myristate Farnesyl GPI Geranyl Flag question: Question 49 Question 49 2.5 pts Which of these describes the function of the glycocalyx; Group of answer choices Protects the cell against mechanical and chemical damage Prevents unwanted ceel to cell contacts Allows for cell recognition and scrutiny All of these Flag question: Question 50 Question 50 2.5 pts In polarized epithelial cells, which of these serves to prevent the diffusion of membrane proteins between the apical and basolateral surfaces? Group of answer choices Gap junctions Tight junctions Desmosomes Hemi-desmosomes

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Quiz 1 Basic Cell Biology and Cell Membrane Structure

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