adv neurobio exam 2

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Dec 6, 2023

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Quiz 1 1. Otto Loewi discovered which neurotransmitter? a. Serotonin b. Acetylcholine c. Norepinephrine d. Dopamine 2. All dendritic trees have the same number of dendrites. a. True b. False 3. What are the types of synapses? Choose all that apply. a. Axodendritic b. Axoaxonic c. Axosomatic d. Axospinic 4. Connexins are parts of a. Gap junctions b. Neurotransmitter receptors c. Ion channels d. Tight junctions 5. Which of the following statements are true? Choose all that apply. a. The neuron doctrine states that neurons are not continuous with each other. b. Golgi and Cajal agreed on whether neurons are continuous or not. c. Golgi and Cajal were jointly awarded the 1906 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine. d. Reticular theory states that neurons are not discrete units but rather continuous with each other. 6. Neurons use synaptic scaling for which of the following? Choose all that apply. a. To determine the site on dendrites where input has come from. b. To promote dendritic democracy. c. A lag in signaling to determine where the signal came from on the dendritic tree. d. To determine the intensity of inputs from different sites on the dendrite tree. 7. Chemical synapses contain which of the following? Choose all that apply. a. Metabotropic receptors b. Degradation enzymes

c. Ionotropic receptors d. Neurotransmitter transporters 8. Please choose whether the following sentences are correct. 1. Establishment of GABA receptors happened latest in evolution with respect to synapses. 2. All eukaryotes have synapses. a. False, False b. False, True c. True, False d. True, True 9. Which type of synapse has a thicker membrane on postsynaptic site and which neurotransmitter is used? a. Asymmetric, GABA b. Symmetric, glutamate c. Asymmetric, glutamate d. Asymmetric, glycine 10. Alzheimer’s Disease occurs due to a. Too many synapses formed early. b. Too little synapses formed early. c. Lack of pruning of synapses. d. Loss of synapses later in life. Quiz 2 1. If the neurons express TH, DD, DBH, and PNMT, all _______ will be converted to _______, which will be converted to __________. a. Norepinephrine, Dopamine, Epinephrine b. Dopamine, Norepinephrine, Epinephrine c. Norepinephrine, Epinephrine, Dopamine d. Dopamine, Epinephrine, Norepinephrine 2. What are the criteria for classifying a chemical as a neurotransmitter? a. When administered exogenously, mimics effects of endogenous transmitter b. Neuronal synthesis c. Specific removal from cleft d. Present in the presynaptic terminal and is released in amounts sufficient to exert effect on postsynaptic component.

3. Amy Winehouse had which of the following: a. Alzheimer’s Disease b. Schizophrenia c. Parkinson’s Disease d. Depression 4. Drugs that target _______ are used to treat depression and drugs that target _______ are used to treat Alzheimer’s Disease. a. Serotonin, GABA b. Glutamate, Serotonin c. GABA, Glutamate d. Serotonin, Glutamate 5. Exogenous neurotransmitters (choose all that apply) a. Give dose-dependent responses. b. Can be made biochemically in a lab. c. Can be purchased from a company. d. Are produced by the neuron in culture. 6. Parkinson’s Disease is treated with a. Dopamine b. L-DOPA c. D-DOPA d. Tyrosine 7. Neuropeptides are different than classical neurotransmitters in which of the following ways? (Choose all that apply) a. Made in cell body. b. In general, diffuse away or are degraded not reused or recycled like classical NTs. c. Precursors are often much larger than peptide. d. Degradation products can be bioactive. 8. The tripartite synapse uses which neurotransmitter? a. Glycine b. GABA c. Glutamine d. Glutamate 9. We measure endocytosis by doing which of the following? Choose all that apply. a. Washing off excess dye. b. Stimulating the neuron. c. Determining rate of dye loss outside of neuron.

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d. Determining rate of dye increase inside neuron. Partial 10. Classical neurotransmitters are a. Removed by degradation, glial uptake, and neuronal uptake. b. Synthesized in the cell body. c. Use the ER-Golgi to be transported. d. Packaged in dense core vesicles.Synthesized in the cell body. Quiz 3 1. How do we biochemically isolate the postsynaptic density? a. Use a microneedle to extract from neurons b. Centrifugation through a sucrose gradient c. GST affinity chromatography d. Take an image using electron microscopy 2. When neurons are immunostained for PSD-95, the pattern is a. Diffuse throughout the axon b. Diffuse throughout the dendrite c. Clustered in both axons and dendrites d. Clustered in the dendrite 3. The GK domain in PSD-95 has enzymatic activity a. True b. False 4. What happens during learning? Choose all that apply. a. Spines bud off of dendrites and are released into the cleft b. A subset of spines do not change c. Dendritic spines are eliminated d. New dendritic spines form 5. What domain type does the following protein bind to? ……SSRVYEKLSSIESDV PDZ type I 6. Mutations in SHANK3 have been linked to a. Autism spectrum disorder b. Schizophrenia

c. Depression d. Alzheimer’s Disease 7. Which of the following are PSD-95 family members? Choose all that apply. a. SAP-102 b. PSD-95 c. PSD-93 d. SAP-97 8. What domain type does the following protein bind to? …….RSSRKYVRRSDQL PDZ type III 9. The GK domain in PSD-95 binds to guanine analogues. a. True b. False 10. The PSD is which of the following? Choose all that apply a. Detergent insoluble b. Is most enriched in CamKII family members c. Contains glutamate receptors d. Dynamic Quiz 4 1. Which of the following use negative controls after identification of binding partners? Choose all that apply. a. GST affinity chromatography b. Yeast two hybrid screening c. Co-immunoprecipitation d. Expression screening 2. How many molecules of cAMP bind to PKA? a. Four b. One c. Three d. Two 3. Which of the following can be phosphorylated by PKC? Consensus sequences

PKA R-X1-2-S/T–X PKC X-S/T-X-R/K PKG (R/K)2-3-X-S/T -X a. SSAK b. RDDSDD c. KKMSRM d. RRSRM 4. Which of the following are true? Choose all that apply. a. Pseudosubstrates bind to cGMP binding sites on PKG. b. PKA inhibitors can be based on cAMP analogues. c. PKA inhibitors can be based on pseudosubstrate peptides. d. PKG inhibitors can be based on cAMP analogues. 5. GST affinity chromatography shares which of the following with co-immunoprecipitation? a. They are both considered in vivo assays. b. They both only identify direct interacting proteins. c. Neither needs bait purification. d. They are both easy, convenient, and relatively low cost. 6. Which of the following occurs during learning and memory? Choose all that apply. a. PSD-95 physically links the NMDA receptor to nNOS. b. Calcium influx through NMDA receptors plays an important role. c. Glutamate released into the cleft is greater than baseline glutamate but less than that released due to stroke. d. Weak activity leads to LTD, and strong activity leads to LTP. 7. What tools can you use to map a signal transduction pathway? Choose all that apply. a. Activator drugs b. Antibodies c. Inhibitor drugs d. Knock out/knock down methods 8. Receptors that signal via G-proteins are called a. Metabotropic receptors b. NMDA receptors c. GABA receptors d. Ionotropic receptors 9. What are the two cycles of bacteriophage? a. Lytic and lysogenic b. Lytic and apoptosis

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c. Lysogenic and apoptosis d. Cycle I and cycle II 10. Did you watch the videos assigned for Susannah Cahalan’s story? Yes = True No = False a. True b. False

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