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Name _____________________________________________ Control of Gene Expression in Eukaryotes Pre-Class Worksheet Fill out this worksheet as you complete your pre-class assignments (Textbook Sections 17.2 & 17.4 and/or Optional Videos). Bring your completed worksheet to class to use as a reference for in-class activities. After completing your pre-class assignments, you should be able to: • Describe the role of histone proteins in DNA packaging, nucleosome formation, and chromatin structure. • Discuss how histones are chemically modified to increase or decrease the expression of a gene. • Describe how DNA methylation affects gene expression in eukaryotes. • Describe how alternative splicing allows for multiple gene products to be produced from the same gene. • Describe the role of posttranslational protein modifications in the control of gene expression. 1. Refer to Figure 17.14 in your textbook. Describe and draw a diagram of how DNA is packaged in eukaryotic cells. In your description, be sure to use and define the terms histone, nucleosome, and chromatin . 2. Compare and contrast the way that prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells package their DNA. In what ways is DNA packaging similar and different in these two types of cells? 3. Refer to Figure 17.4 in your textbook. The diagram at right represents a single nucleosome. On the diagram, draw where histone acetylation would occur and define the term acetylation .

4. Refer to Figure 17.15 in your textbook. The diagram below represents a sequence of DNA near a gene’s promoter. On the diagram, draw where DNA methylation would occur and explain what happens during DNA methylation. In your explanation, use and define the terms CpG island and methylation . 5’ – AAGTACTAGTCCGGCGCCCCGGCCGGCGGATTTACATAGTT – 3’ 3’ – TTCATGATCAGGCCGCGGGGCCGGCCGCCTAAATGTATCAA – 5’ 6. What are enhancers and silencers and how do they influence whether or not a gene is transcribed? 7. Define the term “alternative splicing” and explain how this process affects the expression of a gene. You may find it helpful to refer to Figure 17.9 in your textbook. 8. Define the term “posttranslational modification” and explain how this process affects the expression of a gene. In your explanation, provide at least two specific examples of how proteins can be posttranslationally modified. You may find it helpful to refer to the bottom of Figure 17.4 in your textbook.

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