Week 4 lab

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Chamberlain University College of Nursing *

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Biology

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Feb 20, 2024

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Week 4 Nervous System-Brain, Cranial nerves, and ANS Learning Objectives: Distinguish the parts of the brain based on location, anatomical landmarks, and function Identify the 3 meninges and their relationship to the blood brain barrier and cerebrospinal fluid. Name the 12 cranial nerves and identify their functions Distinguish between the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the autonomic nervous system. Introduction: The brain is the control center of the nervous system and along with the spinal cord, forms the central nervous system. It is protected by the cranial cavity and can be divided into 4 main parts: the brainstem, cerebellum, diencephalon, and cerebrum. It is covered by protective meninges and contains cavities/sinuses that are filled with cerebrospinal fluid. Although the brain mainly communicates with the body through the spinal cord, it also uses 12 cranial nerves that arise directly from the nuclei in the brain. These are considered part of the peripheral nervous system and they serve the head and neck region. They are sensory, motor, or mixed nerves. The autonomic nervous system is part of the peripheral nervous system that subconsciously maintains, monitors, and controls internal functions such as heart rate, blood vessel diameter, smooth muscle, and secretion of glands. Let’s put that brain to work and explore these amazing parts of the nervous system! Assignment: Part 1 Complete the following activities on Anatomy.TV Nervous System: Brain, Meninges and CSF, Cranial nerves, and Autonomic nervous system. To access Anatomy.TV: Resources tab>Library>Library Resources-Database A- Z>Anatomy.TV>Titles(default tab): Choose Nervous System>choose assigned sections You will then work through the material and activities by scrolling down on the right. This will allow you to see and work through all activities for that section. Have the lab report near while working through the lab so you can record data. Part 2 Complete the lab report.
Nervous System Lab Report 1. Identify a function of the following areas of the brain and brainstem: (5 points; ½ point each) Area Function Frontal lobe Responsible for expressive language and voluntary movement Temporal lobe Auditory perception, memory, recognition of face and objects Occipital lobe Color formation, depth and sensory perception Parietal lobe Management of hearing, smelling, taste, touch, and sight Cerebellum Muscle control, balance and movement Medulla Controls respiration, cardiac function, vasodilation, and sneezing, coughing, swallowing, and vomiting reflexes Basal ganglia Controls emotions, behaviors, motor control Limbic system Process and regulate emotion, memory, sexual stimulation and learning Amygdala Responsible for the processing of fearful and threatening stimuli Hippocampus Long term memory formation and memory retrieval 2. Describe the blood-brain barrier. (2 points) The blood-brain barrier is a semipermeable membrane the allows nutrients from the blood to the brain, removes toxins from the brain, and keeps toxins from entering the brain. 3. What structure produces CSF? (1 point) Cerebral Spinal Fluid (CSF) is produced in the ventricles by the choroid plexus.
4. What are the functions of the CSF? (2 points) Cerebral Spinal Fluid provides protection to the brain by cushioning it against the skull and acting as a shock absorber. It also removes waste and provides nutrients to the brain. 5. Choose 2 cranial nerves and identify their name, number, and function. (3 points total; ½ point each) Cranial Nerve Number Cranial nerve Name Function Cranial Nerve I Olfactory Nerve Gives you the ability to smell Cranial Nerve II Optic Nerve Allows you to see 6. a. Discuss the transport of glucose across the blood-brain barrier. (1 point) Glucose is transported across the blood-brain barrier by facilitated diffusion via GLUT-1. GLUT- 1 is a plasma membrane protein that is responsible for the uptake of glucose in the tissues and organs. b. Why is this important? (1 point) It is important because glucose is the brains main source of energy. Grading Rubric for Lab Report Activity   Deliverable   Point s   Part 1 Complete Anatomy.TV activities 15 Part 2 Complete lab report 15 Total   Complete all lab activities   30
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