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Q5.5. Why do neurons generate an action potential, instead of simply relying on the opening of ion channels near the stimulus site to transmit information? Because, without the action potential, changes in Vm at the stimulus site might not reach the axon terminal Because without the action potential, the neuron would not depolarize Because action potentials help the body keep ion concentrations at appropriate levels Because, without the action potential, the neuron would not return to resting potential Submit

Q4.5. Why do neurons generate an action potential, instead of simply relying on the opening of ion channels near the stimulus site to transmit information? Because without the action potential, changes in Vm at the stimulus site might not reach the axon terminal Because without the action potential, the neuron would not depolarize Because action potentials help the body keep ion concentrations at appropriate levels Because without the action potential, the neuron would not return to resting potential O O

Q1. Cyclic AMP (CAMP) and cyclic GMP (CGMP), also known as________, regulate channels involved in the initiation of impulses in neurons responding to odors and light respectively.   Q2. A muscle cell structural element that is composed of several hundred myosin molecules is a/an ______.   Q3. In some diseases like cystic fibrosis, a cell membrane receptor fails to function. In the majority of cases, the problem comes from a change in the receptor so that it cannot reach the cell surface. The site in the cell where membrane proteins are synthesized and assembled builds up with the abnormal protein. This site would likely be the _______.   Q4. ________ is the monomeric form of the protein actin.

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Q10

Yellow: Did not have answers from anyone but confident based on notes Question 1: Insulin can have pleiotropic (wide ranging) effects in cells because...? 1. The insulin receptor phosphorylates with a family of substrates inside the cell 2. There are over 20 versions of the insulin receptor expressed in vertebrates 3. The insulin receptor heterodimers with the GH and PRL receptors 4. MRAP (membrane associated receptor proteins) couple the insulin receptor to different effector pathways Question 2: Cholecystokinin (CCK) is accurately described by which of the following statements? 1. It is not a member of the peptide hormone superfamily 2. It binds to a 1-TMS receptor that signals through guanylate cyclase 3. It is sulphated on tyrosine residues for full activity 4. It is proteolytically released from POMC by gut cells Question 3: Insulin... 1. Is released from the pancreas in vertebrates and invertebrates 2. Is released from the vertebrate pancreas in response to hyperglycemia 3. Is…

Q5. Diazepam is a drug that stimulates the activity of GABA receptors in the brain. If a person was having an epileptic seizure, how would diazepam affect the seizure? Q6. During a surgical procedure, an anesthesiologist administers to the patient an inhaled anesthetic agent that opens Cl- channels in the postsynaptic membranes of neurons of the brain. Explain why this would put the patient “to sleep” for the duration of the surgical procedure.   Q7. Jack places his foot on a piece of broken glass. He immediately lifts his leg away from the glass without losing his balance. What reflex response has occurred? How does he manage to maintain his balance?   Q8. Which cranial nerves would be affected by a drug that stimulates the parasympathetic nervous system? Predict potential adverse effects that one might experience.   Q9. Mr. Putuu has been diagnosed with Horner syndrome, which is caused by dysfunction of the sympathetic neurons in the superior cervical ganglion that innervate…

Q9/The neuron can be simulated by cold * True O False

Q1.5. Which of the following statements about the effects of temperature on biological processes is true? An individual's tolerance range, which extends from T₁ performance is maximized throughout. min to T max' is the range of temperatures at which Fish, insects, and other ectotherms maintain a nearly constant body temperature and thus are relatively unaffected by small changes in environmental temperature. Many aspects of individual performance vary with temperature, even though enzymatic performance does not vary with temperature. Species richness tends to increase with temperature, with more species found in the tropics than near the poles.

Q5.6. If calcium ions, each of which has a charge of +2 (Ca²+), moved INTO a neuron, and no other ions were moving, what would be TRUE? The area outside the neuron would be become more positively charged. The concentration of Ca²+ inside the cell would decrease. The neuron would become more negative. The neuron would become more positive. Submit

Aoy i 23 ~OY4207= il < Jlgudl = AST is widely distributed throughout the body with the highest activity in the heart. False O True O dilayl haa

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Q4.4. Which statement below is TRUE about neurotransmitters? The entry of neurotransmitter through K* channels into neurons triggers the rising phase of the action potential. Neurotransmitters are released from muscle cells to activate motor neurons in the presence of botulinum toxin. O Neurotransmitters are released from a neuron when the action potential reaches the end of its axon. O All of the above.

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Q4.7. Why does Na* enter the cell during the action potential? Because the Na* channels are open and only let Na* move from outside to inside Because the action potential pulls positive ions into the cell while Na* and K* channels are open Because Na channels are open and allow Na* ions to move down the length of the axon to produce neurotransmitter at the axon terminal Because Na" channels are open and there is a higher concentration of Na outside of the neuron than inside

Select all that apply What are some of the possible effects of BPA? - Developing cancer - early puberty - hyperactivity - thyroid problems - diabetes - male impotence - high intelligence - obesity - heart disease

1 and 2 questions pls 1.) The sympathetic nervous system secretes epinephrine at its axon terminals in the internal organs and the adrenal medulla secretes it into the bloodstream . Which of the following statements which compare the two sources of epinephrine is (are ) correct ? 1. Epinephrine from the sympathetic system is released faster . 2. Epinephrine from the sympathetic system is released more slowly 3. The effects of epinephrine from the adrenal medulla last longer . 4. The effects of epinephrine from the adrenal medulla disappear more quickly a.) 3 only B.) 1 only C.) 1 and 3 D.) 2 and 4 2.) The nervous system and the endocrine system are very closely related in the way they maintain homeostasis One of the important shared characteristics is that they both A.)send information through the body via action potentials B.) send information through the body via the blood stream C.) function independently of conditions in the external environment D.) produce chemicals…

LS1-2 Long-distance runners (26.2 miles) describe Runner's High as a feeling of euphoria. It is often described as a feeling of being invincible and individuals claim a lost sense of time while running. Runner's high is believed to be caused by very small molecules called endocannabinoids released by the brain that affect the way a person feels, moves, and reacts. Based on the information above what you know of interacting systems, which of the following two are correct? O If the release of endocannabinoid molecules is increased, the runner will not experience the feeling of euphoria and will stop running. The muscular system is not affected by the release of endocannabinoids, which are released by the nervous system. O If the function of the nervous system is compromised and endocannabinoids are not released, the function of the muscular system is affected and prolonged endurance will be jeopardized. The release of endocannabinoids at the cellular level plays an indirect role in…

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