Health Equity Consensus Definition
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Bowie State University *
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SOCI409-10
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Arts Humanities
Date
Apr 3, 2024
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docx
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Uploaded by craw5200
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Health Equity Consensus Definition
Part 1
1.
Race: a. The Oxford English Dictionary defines race as a category of humankind that shares certain distinctive physical characteristics (OED, 2023). b. According to the American Psychological Association race is defined as a population that is believed to share common ancestry, physical characteristics, or cultural heritage" (APA, 2023). c. The National Museum of African American History and Culture defines race as a social construct that divides people into groups based on characteristics such as physical appearance, ancestry, culture, and society's perceptions of those characteristics (NMAAHC, 2023)
d. According he the United Nations, race is defined as a concept that refers to groups of people who are identified as distinct by virtue of perceived differences that may include physical characteristics, ancestry, language, culture, and social, economic, or political status (UN, 2023).
2.
Racism: a. The Oxford English Dictionary defines racism as the prejudice, discrimination, or antagonism directed against a person or people based on their membership in a particular racial or ethnic group, typically one that is a minority or marginalized (OED, 2023).
b. The American Psychological Association defines racism as an action or attitude that reflects a belief that some races are inherently superior to others (APA, 2023). c. According to the National Museum of African American History and Culture racism is a belief that certain races are inherently superior or inferior to others and that this hierarchy should be maintained (NMAAHC, 2023),
d. The United Nations defines racism as any action that results in the exclusion, marginalization, or oppression of people based on their membership in a particular racial or ethnic group (UN, 2023). 3. Sexism: a. According to the Oxford English Dictionary, sexism is the prejudice, discrimination, or
stereotyping based on sex, typically against women (OED, 2023).
b. The American Psychological Association defines sexism as the belief that one sex is inherently superior to the other, often leading to discrimination and prejudice against individuals based on their gender (APA, 2023).
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c. The National Museum of African American History and Culture defines sexism as a belief that one sex is superior to the other and that this hierarchy should be maintained (NMAAHC, 2023).
d. The United Nations views sexism as any action that results in the exclusion, marginalization, or oppression of people based on their sex or gender (UN, 2023).
4. Classism: a. "Prejudice or discrimination based on social class, typically in favor of the upper classes and against the working classes." (Oxford English Dictionary) b. "Prejudice or discrimination against individuals or groups because of their socio-
economic status" (American Psychological Association) c. "A belief that certain social classes are inherently superior or inferior to others and that this hierarchy should be maintained" (National Museum of African American History and
Culture) d. "Any action that results in the exclusion, marginalization, or oppression of people based on their social or economic status" (United Nations)
Part 2
1.
Health Disparity: a. The Center for Disease Control and Prevention defines health disparities as the difference in the overall rate of disease, death, or injury experienced by one group of people compared to another (CDC, 2023). b. The National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities classifies heath disparities as the difference in health outcomes between groups of people that is not due to differences in access to care, but rather to differences in social, economic, and environmental conditions (NIMHD, 223)
c. According to the World Health Organization health, disparities are a particular type of health difference that is closely linked with social or economic disadvantage (WHO, 2023). d. The American Public Health Association classifies health disparities as the differences in the health status of different groups of people" (APHA, 2023).
2.
Health Equity: a. The World Health Organization describes health equity as the assurance that every person has a fair opportunity to attain his or her full health potential and that no one is disadvantaged from achieving this potential because of his or her social position or other socially determined circumstance (WHO, 2023).
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b. According to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention defines it as the absence of
systematic differences in health outcomes across population groups that have the same level of access to health care (CDC, 2023). c. Health Equity is the state in which everyone has a fair opportunity to attain their full health potential and no one is disadvantaged from achieving this potential because of social position or other socially determined circumstance (National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, 2023). d. According to the American Public Health Association, health equity is the absence of preventable or remediable differences among groups of people, whether those groups are defined socially, economically, demographically, or geographically (APHA, 2023),
3.
Social Justice: a. Social justice is the distribution of wealth, opportunities, and privileges within a society (Oxford English Dictionary, 2023). b. According to the United Nations, social justice is the fair and proper administration of laws conforming to the natural law that all persons, irrespective of ethnic origin, gender, possessions, race, religion, etc., are to be treated equally and without prejudice (UN, 2023). c. The American Psychology Association describes social justice as the principle that all members of society have equal access to the rights and opportunities for personal and community development (APA, 2023). d. The National Museum of African American History and Culture describes social justice as the fair and equitable distribution of resources, rights, and responsibilities across society (NMAAHC, 2023).
References
American Psychological Association. (2023). Retrieved from https://www.apa.org/
Center for Disease Control and Prevention (2023). Retrieved from https://cdc.gov
National Institute of Minority Health and Health Disparities (2023). Retrieved from
https://www.nih.gov
National Museum of African American History and Culture. (2023). Retrieved from https://nmaahc.si.edu/
Oxford English Dictionary. (2023). Retrieved from https://www.oed.com/
United Nations. (2023). Retrieved from https://www.un.org/en/
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World Heath Organization. (2023). Retrieved from https://www.who.int/health-topics