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Exploration Document Draft Kylee Eltringham Southern New Hampshire University HUM200: Applied Humanities Kathryn Cairns November 16, 2023 1

Exploration Document Draft Cultural Artifacts My first work is “The Lamentation.” This artwork was painted by Giotto di Bondone. The date it was painted was around 1305. Fresco was used to make this piece. The cultural setting is Italian Renaissance, and is currently located in Scrovegni Chapel, Padua, Italy. My second work is "Marble Bust of a Man." The artist who sculpted this artifact is unknown. The date it was sculpted was in the mid-first century CE. Marble was used to sculpt this work. The cultural setting is Imperial Rome, and is currently located in the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York. Common Theme A common theme that "The Lamentation" by Giotto di Bondone and "Marble Bust of a Man" by unknown both share is grief and loss. Grief and loss is the theme for "The Lamentation” because Giotto captures the raw emotion of the mourners, their despair and sorrow palpable. Grief and loss is the theme for "Marble Bust of a Man” because in the description of the work, it states that the stern and worn look could be from political or military responsibility. His facial expressions are emphasized. The overall feeling is a stern looking individual and a dark mood. Maybe this look is depicted to represent his grief and loss of individuality because of the war/military/political affiliation. Personal Experience Grief and loss is connected to my personal experience because I felt this theme when my great- grandpa died. It was the first time really experiencing the death of a loved one, besides when my great-grandma died, but I was really young and didn’t really have a grasp of what was going on then. My great-grandfather meant a lot to me and I experienced a lot of grief and loss when he 2

passed. Even though I experienced this grief and loss, it taught me how to accept and overcome it. I know this won’t be the only grief and loss I experience, whether it’s a person, my goals, relationships, etc., so when those times come, I know what to do. Profession There are quite a few grief and losses that can be experienced in the workplace, such as being laid off, fired, or demoted. The tech industry is leading the way when it comes to layoffs, though firings are now economy-wide. The workers who feel most at-risk include those in product management, quality assurance, marketing, finance, and IT roles (Otachi, 2023). Nearly half of HR professionals (46%) have witnessed an employee get demoted at their company, an OfficeTeam survey found. According to the poll, the four most common reasons for a demotion are: poor performance; lack of success in a new role after a promotion; organizational restructuring; or voluntary demotion (Bortz, n.d.). Humanities Resources The first resource is "Looking at Giotto's The Lamentation” by Chris Morrison. The reason why I choose this resource because this author goes into great detail about the painting by analyzing the different parts of it. The second resource is "Lamentation by Giotto" by Chronicles of Times. This article helped me understand the different parts of the painting. It also showed me what each part represented. The third resource is "Marble bust of young man (253-268 AD), artifact uncovered in Gediz, Turkey, Roman Civilization, 3rd century” by unknown. This article helped me understand exactly what the sculpture represented and the history behind it. It was hard finding scholarly resources for these two pieces, but I felt like these articles helped me because I was able to understand the painting and sculpture much better than before. Historical Context 3

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"The Lamentation" was made in 1305 during the Italian Renaissance, for the church of Enrico degli Scrovegni. The Mourning of Christ is a scene found on countless occasions in Renaissance art, from a time when religion was particularly involved in all sections of society (Gurney, 2020). "Marble Bust of a Man" was sculpted in the mid-first century CE and is currently located in the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York. The expanse of chest and the full, fleshy appearance of the face and neck are characteristics suggesting that the work was carved, either as a copy of a portrait created in the Republican period or as a new work cast in that realistic style ( Marble Bust of a Man , 2020). Similarities and Differences Despite "The Lamentation” and "Marble Bust of a Man” being created in different times, in different locations, with different materials, both pieces show emotion, have a deeper meaning, and share the theme of grief and loss. Another difference is how the theme of grief and loss is depicted in each piece. For "The Lamentation,” Giotto captures the raw emotion of the mourners, their despair and sorrow palpable. For "Marble Bust of a Man,” in the description of the work, it states that the stern and worn look could be from political or military responsibility. His facial expressions are emphasized. The overall feeling is a stern looking individual and a dark mood (Gurney, 2020). Maybe this look is depicted to represent his grief and loss of individuality because of the war/military/political affiliation. Medium After the Betrayal of Christ (Kiss of Judas) , the Lamentation of the Death of Christ is the most famous of the Scrovegni Chapel frescoes painted by Giotto in the first decade of the 14th century. The frescoes were commissioned by the wealthy Scrovegni family for their private chapel in Padua. (It is also known as the Arena Chapel because it was built on the site of an 4

ancient Roman arena.) Recognized immediately as a masterpiece of Pre-Renaissance painting, Giotto's fresco cycle introduced a revolutionary style of naturalism with more realistic figures and more realistic emotions ( Lamentation of Christ, Giotto: Interpretation, Analysis , n.d.). For “Marble Bust of a Man,” although the surface of this piece has been strongly cleaned and even recut in places, evidence of a heavy dark incrustation, formed during centuries of burial, is still visible, especially at the back. The expanse of chest and the full, fleshy appearance of the face and neck are characteristics suggesting that the work was carved in the mid-first century A.D., either as a copy of a portrait created in the Republican period or as a new work cast in that realistic style ( Marble Bust of a Man , 2020). Thesis Statement Despite utilizing completely different mediums and sitting in very different locations, both "The Lamentation” and "Marble Bust of a Man” evoke the theme of grief and loss by depicting loss of Christ and individuality. Audience The target audience for the presentation would be those who have experienced grief and loss. I feel like those that have experienced grief and loss can empathize with and understand these art pieces more. Message To tailor my presentation for my audience and make it more understandable and relatable, I will try to connect the grief and loss evident in my works to examples of grief and loss a person may experience in their lifetime, such as a person or pet, money, a job, and more. I will also be cautious and respectful when discussing triggering topics that result in grief and loss. These edits should be made to make my presentation relatable and accessible to anyone in my audience. 5

References Morrison, C. April 6, 2012. Looking at Giotto's The Lamentation. https://32minutes.worldpress.com/2012/04/06/looking-at-giottos-the-lamentation/ Chronicles of Times. August 7, 2013. Lamentation by Giotto. https://chroniclesoftimes.com/lamentation-by-giotto Marble bust of young man (253-268 AD), artifact uncovered in Gediz, Turkey, Roman Civilization, 3rd century. (2014). https://eds-s-ebscohost- com.ezproxy.snhu.edu/eds/detail/detail?vid=3&sid=08275774-b31e-41cd-87cd- a40c3974899d%40redis&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWRzLWxpdmUmc2NvcGU9c2l0ZQ%3d %3d#AN=edscrc.15730964&db=edscrc 6

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