Jonathan Javier Perez Module 6
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110
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Arts Humanities
Date
Dec 6, 2023
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Javier Perez 1
Jonathan Javier Perez
Mr. Edward Yasick
MUS LN12
Part 1
1.
What is the 12-tone method of composition and which composer developed it?
Arnold Schoenberg developed the influential 12-tone system
2.
Name a composer associated with Impressionism. What country is Impressionism
associated with?
Claude Monet and the country that is impressionism associated with is France.
3.
Name the 3 ballets Stravinsky composed for Diaghilev and the Ballet Russes.
The Firebird (1910), Petrushka (1911), and The Rite of Spring (1913)
4.
What was the audience reaction to the premiere of The Rite of Spring?
5.
How did composers change their approach to the orchestra in the early 20th
century?
Strings were no longer the heart of the orchestra , the winds were , and darker instruments were
preferred
6.
What were the goals of the French group known as Les Six?
The Les Six wanted to create an individual style of their own , because of the great differences in
style and techniques they all had
7.
Define polytonality and polyrhythm.
Polytonality is the simultaneous use of two or more keys in musical composition and polyrhythm
is a rhythm that makes use of two or more different rhythms simultaneously.
8.
What are the characteristics of Expressionism in music? Name two composers and
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two pieces that are expressionist.
ome characteristics of Expressionism music are a high level of dissonance, extreme contrasts of
dynamics, and extreme pitch two composers are Paul Hindemith ( The Young Maiden ) and Igor
Stravinsky ( Japanese songs ).
9.
Out of what tradition did American bands grow? Who was America's most famous
bandmaster?
In the 18th century, it is said that American bands grew out of The United States Marine Band
and the most popular bandmaster in America was John Philip Sousa.
10. Who composed the ballets Rodeo, Appalachian Spring, and Billy the Kid?
Aaron Copland
11. What is Scene 1 of Appalachian Spring meant to evoke? Do you think Copland was
successful in pictorializing this image?
Scene 1 of Appalachian Spring Woke mean stillness of dawn, yea I believe that Copland was
successful in pictorilizing this image
12. In which region of Mexico did the mariachi ensemble originate? What instruments
play the melody in a mariachi band? What various kinds of dances do mariachi
groups play today?
The region of Jalisco is known for its mariachi music, with the vihuela, a five-string guitar,
violins, and trumpets serving as the main melodic instruments. The dances that mariachi groups
do these days feature women dancing to loud ranchero music while wearing layered costumes in
vibrant red and green hues.
Part 2
1.
The horn and harp, which symbolize the deer in the woodland, come in after the flute
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solo to start the composition. The fawn's interest in the outside world is reflected in the
tune of the modal flute. Periodically, brief, inserted chords are played to show the fawn
and the experiences they are having. At approximately 4 minutes into the recording, the
first significant crescendo section appears and resolves once more to the top woodwinds.
The use of constant pianissimo dynamics with really subtle crescendos—usually just to
the piano level—and then back to pianissimo is what makes this work so beautiful.
Fortissimo is used just once. It's a wonderful idea to use the softer triangles or bells in the
background to gently fade away and end the composition. Throughout the whole
orchestral accompaniment, legato stylistic approaches—bolstered by the employment of
soft dynamics—replace the absence of emphasized downbeats. In this piece, the listener
learns about the beauty of life and what it means to be a fawn while also experiencing a
sense of relaxation and being able to "see" the deer in the forest. Pulsating chords played
by the woodwinds are used to increase the speed and beat at the six-minute mark. This is
followed by the violin, clarinet, and one horn once again. The flute solo melody line,
which gives way to the captivating oboe, is returned, together with the harp.
Since the music depicts a deer in the woods, percussion is not necessary to frighten the
forest creatures away. Instead, soft tones are used.
The piece follows the form of a symphonic poem, not a concerto with three separate
movements.
The meter is in 9/8 and the tempo varies: beginning slowly and slightly increasing as the
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Javier Perez 4
movement continues.
2.
From a symphonic composer to a ballet composer to an avant-garde composer employing
atonal concepts and music, Stravinsky's work developed over time. This is mostly
because Schoenberg's atonal "scale" system, in which each pitch is regarded as equal and
must be utilized in a particular order, was adopted in place of the major and minor scale
system, breaking away from chromaticism. For example, Stravinsky employed strange
time and meter signatures in his rhythmic asymmetrical patterns that will live on in
memory. While all beats in 4/4 time feel "regular," Stravinsky would employ time
signatures of 5/4 or 7/8. These meters are intriguing since the beat is not even; for
example, in 5/4 time, you can play it in 2 + 3 OR 3 + 2, which will change the accents. In
addition to rejecting the Romantic notion of theme progression, Stravinsky placed a
strong emphasis on rhythmic innovation and evolution.
3.
A. Describe the form of the piece?
ABA
B. What is the texture of this work?
The chorus's lyrics are supported by the orchestra,
making it incredibly homophonic. The entire piece has some amazing dynamic contrasts.
C. How does Orff present old and new musical ideas in the piece?
Carmina Burana is
an old Medieval Church chant reused in this movement of Carmina Burana
.