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1 Cracking the Maya Code Name: ________________________ Course Institution Date

2 Cracking the Maya Code https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5QMoK58VBo4&t=432s Start the film at the 4:30 timestamp and respond to the following in your own words The questions are in order, you can note the answers when they come up in the film, but make sure you go back and rephrase the responses in your own words—you will not get credit for answers that are copied verbatim from the film. Submit completed worksheet to Blackboard. 1) Who was Diego de Landa? What did he do? Diego de Landa was a Spanish bishop well-known for Spanish colonization of the Yucatan peninsula in the 16 th century. He is also famous for the harsh treatment on the indigenous Maya people. 2) Briefly describe the history of the Dresden Codex. Why is it important, specifically for the Maya calendar? When did the Maya think the universe began? Dresden Codex is among the few surviving pre-Columbian Maya codices that existed in the 12 th and 11 th century. Maya calendar is essential for its astronomical and calendrical information as it avails important insights on accurate and complex Maya calendar system. Maya people believe that the universe began on August 11 3114 BCE per their long count calendar. 3) What did Tatiana Proskouriakoff discover about the Maya glyphs and carvings on stelae? Tatiana Proskouriakoff was a Russian archeologist who made significant discoveries about the indigenous Maya people during the 20 th century. Based on history Tatiana deciphered complex Maya hieroglyphic writing system and explained that glyphs was a representation for rulers’ lives and historical events as opposed to astronomical or religious content. Tatiana’s discovery enabled further Maya civilization and history understanding and explanation.

3 4) Who was Lord Shield, or Pakal? Why is he an important Maya figure? Lord shield, or Pakal was a famous Maya ruler who oversaw the Palenque city-state between 615 and 683 CE. Pakal remains an important ruler among the Maya people for his artistic and architectural breakthroughs. For example, Pakal is well-known for the Temple of inscriptions construction. He is also known for important contribution to Maya civilization, cultural and political development. 5) What did the new decipherments, discovered by David Stuart, tell us about the Maya (that they were not simply ‘stargazing priests,’ but also…)? The new decipherments, discovered by David Stuart showcase that Maya people where not only stargazing priests, but also skilled astronomers and historians in their existence. The glyphs reveal that Maya people had a record for genealogies, historical events, rituals and biographies which demonstrate a sophisticated history and writing documentation. This discovery contradicted earlier beliefs that Maya civilization was a mere astronomical and religious pursuit. 6) What does the glyph of a hand grasping a fish mean? In Maya iconography, the glyph of the hand grasping fish is a representation for the verb “to fish” in their hieroglyphic writing system. The glyph is also a pictorial indication that Maya individuals used to showcase the fishing concept in various texts and inscriptions. 7) What challenges do the modern Maya face? What are archaeologists doing? In face of current modernization trends, modern Maya face numerous challenges such as limited access to education, poverty and healthcare access and land rights. Due to these challenges, archeologists are closely working with the related communities to study and preserve their

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4 heritage and engage in collaborative projects that empower modern Maya communities for ancestral sites protection and cultural initiatives. 8) Reference your notes, this is not in the film: How was the Maya world socio-politically organized during the Classic Period (between the 3 rd and 9 th centuries A.D.)? During the Classic Period (between the 3 rd and 9 th centuries A.D.), the Maya world was arranged in independent city-states (Turner & Sabloff, 2012). These states were controlled and ruled by a king vested with religious and political powers. Additionally, these cities frequently made alliances, and traded with one another creating a strong relationship among the civilization.

5 Reference Turner, B. L., & Sabloff, J. A. (2012). Classic Period collapse of the Central Maya Lowlands: Insights about human-environment relationships for sustainability. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences , 109 (35), 13908–13914. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1210106109 .

1020564

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