ANTHRO NOTES

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Cleveland State University *

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303

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Anthropology

Date

Oct 30, 2023

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docx

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Uploaded by ChancellorCrocodileMaster959

Teotihuacan Classic Period AD 150-900 Period of Development  Archaic 7000-2000 B.C. - Plant domestication – maize, beans, squash, chili, peppers, avocados - Animal domestication – turkeys, dogs - Settled village not yet dominant pattern (extraction of resources) - Burials demonstrate concern and belief in afterlife, placed mica mirrors with dead, placed ceramic figurines Preclassic (Formative)  Pottery appears in the archaeological record (evidence of earlier potter in So Am already)  Settled life becomes dominant extraction pattern  Olmec – codified communication system , complexity suggest rise of priests and shamans, specialists who manipulated and interpreted the system of symbols and gods and who could manifest religious experience and share it with a broader experience  Zapotec Where? Basin of Mexico  High plateau in central Mexico  7000ft altitude  Semi-arid with a system of shallow lakes  Surrounded by mountains with obsidian deposits, quartzite, serpentine, lots of wood Teotihuacan  Era of florescence  Neolithic technology  Intensification of social stratification (example: class differences)  Consolidation Water and Cerro Gordo Tenan = “mother of water” Mesoamerican Religion  World is charged with FORCES  These forces manifest in various forms - Rain - Water - Lightning - Sun - Earth - Wind  Themes of Mesoamerican Thought and Practice

- Personification and Deification - Connect cosmos to landscape to human existence - Reaplication - Sacred centers to copy cosmic geography - Mural of Water Goddess at Teotihuacan Sacred Places  Junctions between the planes of the sky, earth, underworld,  Caves – entrance to the netherworld  Powerful and magical spaces  Cave at San Miguel Cuevas Nuu Yuku  Mountains – junction between sky and earth and the forces of these  Mountains with springs or caves – simultaneous access to all 3 planes: sky, earth, underworld Water=central feature  Great goddess  Tepantitlan murals Economy of Teotihuacan: Agriculture and Trade  Ceramics  Stone  Imported luxury goods ( mask - symbol of power)  Exported ceramics  Mass production of ceramics  Use of molds found only in Peru  What is a funerary urn? - human remains are placed inside Sacred City Planning: Communication between humans and cosmos  Goal: achieve harmony between human-made world, the natural world, and the cosmic world/structure  Belief that the city’s populace is specially honored and favored  Collectively charged with the responsibility to maintain the viability of the cosmo through properly executed ritual Residential Apartment Complexes  Artisan guilds  Lapidary workshops  Walled complexes

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