Pearson eText for Chemistry: structures...2nd EditionNivaldo Tro Publisher: PEARSON+ISBN: 9780136951537
Pearson eText for Chemistry: structures...
Solutions for Pearson eText for Chemistry: structures and Properties -- Instant Access (Pearson+)
Problem 1E:
Explain this statement in your own words and give an example. The properties of the substances...Problem 2E:
Explain the main goal of chemistry.Problem 3E:
What are two different ways to classify matter?Problem 4E:
How do solids, liquids, and gases differ?Problem 5E:
Explain the difference between a pure substance and a mixture based on the composite particles of...Problem 8E:
Describe the scientific approach to knowledge. How does it differ from other approaches?Problem 11E:
What theory did John Dalton formulate?Problem 12E:
What is wrong with the expression, “That is just a theory,” if by theory the speaker is referring to...Problem 13E:
Summarize the history of the atomic idea. How was Dalton able to convince others to accept an idea...Problem 15E:
State and explain the law of definite proportions.Problem 16E:
State and explain the law of multiple proportions. How is the law of multiple proportions different...Problem 17E:
What are the main ideas in Dalton’s atomic theory? How do they help explain the laws of conservation...Problem 18E:
How and by whom was the electron discovered? What basic properties of the electron were reported...Problem 19E:
Explain Millikan’s oil drop experiment and how it led to the measurement of the electron’s charge....Problem 21E:
Describe Rutherford’s gold foil experiment. How did the experiment prove that the plum pudding model...Problem 22E:
Describe Rutherford’s nuclear model of the atom. What was revolutionary about his model?Problem 23E:
If matter is mostly empty space, as suggested by Rutherford, then why does it appear so solid?Problem 24E:
List the three subatomic particles that compose atoms and give the basic properties (mass and...Problem 25E:
What defines an element?Problem 27E:
Where do elements get their names?Problem 29E:
Describe the two different notations used to specify isotopes and give an example of each.Problem 32E:
Explain how a mass spectrometer works. What kind of information can be determined from a mass...Problem 35E:
Each shape represents a type of particle (such as an atom or a molecule). Classify each image as a...Problem 36E:
Using triangles to represent one type of atom and circles to represent another type of atom, draw...Problem 37E:
Classify each substance as a pure substance or a mixture. If it is a pure substance, classify it as...Problem 38E:
Classify each substance as a pure substance or a mixture. If it is a pure substance, classify it as...Problem 40E:
Complete the table. Substance Pure or mixture Type water pure compound coffee ________ ________ ice...Problem 41E:
Determine whether each molecular diagram represents a pure substance or a mixture. If it represents...Problem 42E:
Determine whether each molecular diagram represents a pure substance or a mixture. If it represents...Problem 43E:
Classify each statement as an observation, a law, or a theory. All matter is made of tiny,...Problem 44E:
Classify each statement as an observation, a law, or a theory. Chlorine is a highly reactive gas. If...Problem 45E:
A chemist decomposes several samples of carbon monoxide into carbon and oxygen and weighs the...Problem 46E:
When astronomers observe distant galaxies, they can tell that most of them are moving away from one...Problem 48E:
An automobile gasoline tank holds 21 kg of gasoline. When the gasoline burns, 84 kg of oxygen is...Problem 49E:
Two samples of carbon tetrachloride are decomposed into their constituent elements. One sample...Problem 50E:
Two samples of sodium chloride are decomposed into their constituent elements. One sample produces...Problem 51E:
The mass ratio of sodium to fluorine in sodium fluoride is 1.21:1. A sample of sodium fluoride...Problem 52E:
Upon decomposition, one sample of magnesium fluoride produces 1.65 kg of magnesium and 2.57 kg of...Problem 53E:
Two different compounds containing osmium and oxygen have the following masses of oxygen per gram of...Problem 54E:
Palladium forms three different compounds with sulfur. The mass of sulfur per gram of palladium in...Problem 56E:
Sulfur and fluorine form several different compounds including sulfur hexafluoride and sulfur...Problem 57E:
Which statements are consistent with Dalton’s atomic theory as it was originally stated? Why? Sulfur...Problem 58E:
Which statements are inconsistent with Dalton’s atomic theory as it was originally stated? Why? All...Problem 59E:
Which statements are consistent with Rutherford’s nuclear theory as it was originally stated? Why?...Problem 60E:
Which statements are inconsistent with Rutherford’s nuclear theory as it was originally stated? Why?...Problem 61E:
A chemist in an imaginary universe, where electrons have a different charge than they do in our...Problem 62E:
Imagine a unit of charge called the zorg. A chemist performs the Millikan oil drop experiment and...Problem 63E:
Which statements about subatomic particles are true? If an atom has an equal number of protons and...Problem 64E:
Which statements about subatomic particles are false? Protons and electrons have charges of the same...Problem 65E:
Write isotopic symbols in the form XA (e g., C-13) for each isotope. the silver isotope with 60...Problem 66E:
Write isotopic symbols in the form ZAX for each isotope. the copper isotope with 34 neutrons the...Problem 67E:
Determine the number of protons and the number of neutrons in each isotope. 714N 1123Na 86222Rn...Problem 68E:
Determine the number of protons and the number of neutrons in each isotope. 1940K 88226Ra 4399Tc...Problem 69E:
The amount of carbon-14 in ancient artifacts and fossils is often used to establish their age....Problem 70E:
Uranium-235 is used in nuclear fission. Determine the number of protons and the number of neutrons...Problem 71E:
Determine the number of protons and the number of electrons in each ion. Ni2+ S2 Br Cr3+Problem 72E:
Determine the number of protons and the number of electrons in each ion. Al3+ Se2 Ga3+ Sr2+Problem 73E:
Gallium has two naturally occurring isotopes with the following masses and natural abundances:...Problem 74E:
Magnesium has three naturally occurring isotopes with the following masses and natural abundances:...Problem 75E:
The atomic mass of fluorine is 18.998 amu, and its mass spectrum shows a large peak at this mass....Problem 76E:
The atomic mass of copper is 63.546 amu. Do any copper isotopes have a mass of 63.546 amu? Explain.Problem 77E:
An element has two naturally occurring isotopes. Isotope 1 has a mass of 120.9038 amu and a relative...Problem 78E:
An element has four naturally occuring isotopes with the masses and natural abundances given here....Problem 79E:
Bromine has two naturally occurring isotopes (Br-79 and Br-81) and an atomic mass of 79.904 amu. The...Problem 80E:
Silicon has three naturally occurring isotopes (Si-28, Si-29, and Si-30). The mass and natural...Problem 85E:
What is the amount, in moles, of each elemental sample? 11.8gAr 3.55 g Zn 26.1 g Ta 0.211 g LiProblem 86E:
What is the mass, in grams, of each elemental sample? 2.3 x 103 mol Sb 0.0355 mol Ba 43.9 mol Xe 1.3...Problem 87E:
How many silver atoms are there in 3.78 g of silver?Problem 88E:
What is the mass of 4.91 x 1021 platinum atoms?Problem 90E:
Calculate the number of atoms in each sample 14.955 g Cr 39.733 g S 12.399 g Pt 97.552 g SnProblem 91E:
Calculate the mass in grams, of each sample. 1.1 x 1023 gold atoms 2.82 x 1022 helium atoms 1.8 x...Problem 92E:
Calculate the mass, in kg, of each sample. 7.55 x 1026 cadmium atoms 8.15 x 1027 nickel atoms 1.22 x...Problem 96E:
Using scanning tunneling microscopy, scientists at IBM wrote the initials of their company with 35...Problem 97E:
A 7.83-g sample of HCN contains 0.290 g of H and 4.06 g of N. Find the mass of carbon in a sample of...Problem 98E:
The ratio of sulfur to oxygen by mass in SO2 is 1.0:1.0. Find the ratio of sulfur to oxygen by mass...Problem 99E:
Use the mass spectrum of lead shown here to estimate the atomic mass of lead. Estimate the mass and...Problem 100E:
Use the mass spectrum of mercury shown here to estimate the atomic mass of mercury. Estimate the...Problem 101E:
Nuclei with the same number of neutrons but different mass numbers are called isotones. Write the...Problem 102E:
Fill in the blanks to complete the table. Symbol z A Number of p+ Number of e_ Number of n Charge Si...Problem 103E:
A penny has a thickness of approximately 1.0 mm. If you stacked Avogadro’s number of pennies one on...Problem 104E:
Consider the stack of pennies in Problem 103. How much money (in dollars) would this represent? If...Problem 105E:
A pure copper sphere has a radius of 0.935 in. How many copper atoms does it contain? The volume of...Problem 106E:
A pure titanium cube has an edge length of 2.78 in. How many titanium atoms does it contain?...Problem 107E:
A 67.2-g sample of a gold and palladium alloy contains 2.49 x 1023 atoms. What is the composition...Problem 108E:
Common brass is a copper and zinc alloy containing 37.0% zinc by mass and having a density of 8.48...Problem 109E:
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) sets limits on healthful levels of air pollutants....Problem 110E:
Pure gold is usually too soft for jewelry, so it is often alloyed with other metals. How many gold...Problem 111E:
Silver is composed of two naturally occurring isotopes: Ag-107 (51.839%) and Ag-109. The ratio of...Problem 112E:
To the right is a representation of 50 atoms of a fictitious element called westmontium (Wt). The...Problem 113E:
The ratio of oxygen to nitrogen by mass in NO2 is 2.29. The ratio of fluorine to nitrogen by mass in...Problem 114E:
Naturally occurring cobalt consists of only one isotope, 59Co, whose relative atomic mass is...Problem 115E:
A 7.36-g sample of copper is contaminated with an additional 0.51 g of zinc. Suppose an atomic mass...Problem 116E:
The ratio of the mass of O to the mass of N in N2O3 is 12:7. Another binary compound of nitrogen has...Problem 117E:
Naturally occurring magnesium has an atomic mass of 24.312 and consists of three isotopes. The major...Problem 118E:
In Section 1.10 O, it was stated that 1 mol of sand grains would cover the state of Texas to several...Problem 119E:
Use the concepts in this chapter to obtain an estimate for the number of atoms in the universe. Make...Problem 120E:
A volatile liquid (one that readily evaporates) is put into a jar, and the jar is then sealed. Does...Problem 121E:
The diagram to the right represents solid carbon dioxide, also known as dry ice. Which of the...Problem 122E:
Use triangles to represent atoms of element A and circles to represent atoms of element B. Draw an...Problem 123E:
Identify each statement as being most like an observation, a law, or a theory. All coastal areas...Problem 124E:
The mole is defined as the amount of a substance containing the same number of particles as exactly...Problem 126E:
Using white and black circles to represent different kinds of atoms, make a drawing that accurately...Problem 127E:
In a naturally occurring sample, 19.8% of boron atoms have 5 neutrons and 80.2% have 6 neutrons....Problem 128E:
In complete sentences, describe the similarities and differences between: different isotopes of an...Problem 129E:
Calculate the mass in grams of one mole of each of the following (the mass of a single item is given...Problem 130E:
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) monitors air quality in the United States. Lead...Problem 1SAQ:
This image represents a particulate view of a sample of matter. Classify the sample according to its...Problem 2SAQ:
A chemist mixes sodium with water and witnesses a violent reaction between the two substances. This...Problem 3SAQ:
Two samples of a compound containing elements A and B are decomposed. The first sample produces 15 g...Problem 4SAQ:
A compound containing only carbon and hydrogen has a carbon-to-hydrogen mass ratio of 11.89. Which...Problem 5SAQ:
Which concept was demostrated by Rutherford’s gold foil experiment? Atoms contain protons and...Problem 6SAQ:
A student re-creates Millikan’s oil drop experiment and tabulates the relative charges of the oil...Problem 8SAQ:
An isotope of an element contains 82 protons and 122 neutrons. What is the symbol for the isotope?...Problem 9SAQ:
How many electrons are in the Cr3+ ion? 24 electrons 3 electrons 21 electrons 27 electronsProblem 10SAQ:
A naturally occurring sample of an element contains only two isotopes. The first isotope has a mass...Problem 11SAQ:
Copper has an atomic mass of 63.55 amu and two naturally occurring isotopes with masses 62.94 amu...Problem 13SAQ:
A solid copper cube contains 4.31023 atoms. What is the edge length of the cube? The density of...Browse All Chapters of This Textbook
Chapter E - Essentials: Units, Measurement, And Problem SolvingChapter 1 - AtomsChapter 2 - The Quantum-mechanical Model Of The AtomChapter 3 - Periodic Properties Of The ElementsChapter 4 - Molecules And CompoundsChapter 5 - Chemical BondingChapter 6 - Chemical BondingChapter 7 - Chemical Reactions And Chemical QuantitiesChapter 8 - Introduction To Solutions And Aqueous ReactionsChapter 9 - Thermochemistry
Chapter 10 - GasesChapter 11 - Liquids, Solids, And Intermolecular ForcesChapter 12 - Crystalline Solids And Modern MaterialsChapter 13 - SolutionsChapter 14 - Chemical KineticsChapter 15 - Chemical EquilibriumChapter 16 - Acids And BasesChapter 17 - Aqueous Ionic EquilibriumChapter 18 - Free Energy And ThermodynamicsChapter 19 - ElectrochemistryChapter 20 - Radioactivity And Nuclear ChemistryChapter 21 - Organic ChemistryChapter 22 - Transition Metals And Coordination Compounds
Sample Solutions for this Textbook
We offer sample solutions for Pearson eText for Chemistry: structures and Properties -- Instant Access (Pearson+) homework problems. See examples below:
Chapter E, Problem 1EChapter 1, Problem 1EChapter 2, Problem 1EChapter 3, Problem 1EChapter 4, Problem 1EChapter 5, Problem 1ELewis structures are the diagrams that show the bonding between the atoms of the molecules and...Gases in the earth atmosphere such as CO2 traps the suns radiation emitted from the planet’s...Chapter 8, Problem 1E
Chapter 9, Problem 1EPostulates of kinetic molecular theory: The gas particles are considered to be very small; the...Chapter 11, Problem 1EChapter 12, Problem 1EChapter 13, Problem 1EChapter 14, Problem 1EChapter 15, Problem 1EChapter 16, Problem 1EChapter 17, Problem 1EChapter 18, Problem 1EWhen an atom loses electrons, it undergoes oxidation and has an increase in its oxidation state,...The process in which the unstable nuclei of an atom attains stability by loss of energy (in terms of...Aromatic compounds are known for their aroma or scent. They have delocalized electrons and...Chapter 22, Problem 1E
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