Concept explainers
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(a)
Interpretation:
The complete IUPAC name of the given molecule is to be determined.
Concept introduction:
A ring compound with a double bond and eight or more carbon atoms can have both E and Z configurations at the double bond. Rings containing seven carbon atoms or less have only Z configuration. The E configuration is too unstable because of a high ring strain. The E/Z designation is generally left out in this case.
The E/Z configuration is determined on the basis of the priorities of the two groups attached to the double bonded carbon atoms. Priority is assigned on the basis of the atomic number of the atom directly bonded to the double bonded carbon. Higher the atomic number, higher the priority. If the
When writing the name, the E/Z designation is written at the start, in parenthesis. If there are two or more double bonds, then they are listed with the respective locants.
If the higher priority groups at the two ends are on the same side of the double bond, then the compound is assigned a Z configuration. If they are on the opposite sides of the double bond, then an E configuration is assigned.
For determining the R/S configuration, the groups attached to the asymmetric center are assigned priorities, following the same rules outlined above. If the groups with priorities 1 to 3 are arranged clockwise with the lowest priority group going away from the observer, the asymmetric center is assigned R configuration. If they are arranged counterclockwise, the configuration assigned is S.
When writing the IUPAC name of a molecule, each R and S designation can be written immediately before the first number used to locate the substituent attached to the asymmetric carbon atom. An alternate way is to write all the R and S designations together at the front of the name. The locator number for each asymmetric carbon atom must appear before its R or S designation, and the designations must be separated from each other by a comma.
(b)
Interpretation:
The complete IUPAC name of the given molecule is to be determined.
Concept introduction:
A ring compound with a double bond and eight or more carbon atoms can have both E and Z configurations at the double bond. Rings containing seven carbon atoms or less have only Z configuration. The E configuration is too unstable because of a high ring strain. The E/Z designation is generally left out in this case.
The E/Z configuration is determined on the basis of the priorities of the two groups attached to the double bonded carbon atoms. Priority is assigned on the basis of the atomic number of the atom directly bonded to the double bonded carbon. Higher the atomic number, higher the priority. If the atomic numbers of both atoms attached to a carbon are the same, then the priority is determined on the basis of the atoms one bond away from the point of attachment.
When writing the name, the E/Z designation is written at the start, in parenthesis. If there are two or more double bonds, then they are listed with the respective locants.
If the higher priority groups at the two ends are on the same side of the double bond, then the compound is assigned a Z configuration. If they are on the opposite sides of the double bond, then an E configuration is assigned.
For determining the R/S configuration, the groups attached to the asymmetric center are assigned priorities, following the same rules outlined above. If the groups with priorities 1 to 3 are arranged clockwise with the lowest priority group going away from the observer, the asymmetric center is assigned R configuration. If they are arranged counterclockwise, the configuration assigned is S.
When writing the IUPAC name of a molecule, each R and S designation can be written immediately before the first number used to locate the substituent attached to the asymmetric carbon atom. An alternate way is to write all the R and S designations together at the front of the name. The locator number for each asymmetric carbon atom must appear before its R or S designation, and the designations must be separated from each other by a comma.
(c)
Interpretation:
The complete IUPAC name of the given molecule is to be determined.
Concept introduction:
A ring compound with a double bond and eight or more carbon atoms can have both E and Z configurations at the double bond. Rings containing seven carbon atoms or less have only Z configuration. The E configuration is too unstable because of a high ring strain. The E/Z designation is generally left out in this case.
The E/Z configuration is determined on the basis of the priorities of the two groups attached to the double bonded carbon atoms. Priority is assigned on the basis of the atomic number of the atom directly bonded to the double bonded carbon. Higher the atomic number, higher the priority. If the atomic numbers of both atoms attached to a carbon are the same, then the priority is determined on the basis of the atoms one bond away from the point of attachment.
When writing the name, the E/Z designation is written at the start, in parenthesis. If there are two or more double bonds, then they are listed with the respective locants.
If the higher priority groups at the two ends are on the same side of the double bond, then the compound is assigned a Z configuration. If they are on the opposite sides of the double bond, then an E configuration is assigned.
For determining the R/S configuration, the groups attached to the asymmetric center are assigned priorities, following the same rules outlined above. If the groups with priorities 1 to 3 are arranged clockwise with the lowest priority group going away from the observer, the asymmetric center is assigned R configuration. If they are arranged counterclockwise, the configuration assigned is S.
When writing the IUPAC name of a molecule, each R and S designation can be written immediately before the first number used to locate the substituent attached to the asymmetric carbon atom. An alternate way is to write all the R and S designations together at the front of the name. The locator number for each asymmetric carbon atom must appear before its R or S designation, and the designations must be separated from each other by a comma.
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Chapter C Solutions
ORG CHEM W/ EBOOK & SW5 + STUDY GUIDE
- The emission data in cps displayed in Table 1 is reported to two decimal places by the chemist. However, the instrument output is shown in Table 2. Table 2. Iron emission from ICP-AES Sample Blank Standard Emission, cps 579.503252562 9308340.13122 Unknown Sample 343.232365741 Did the chemist make the correct choice in how they choose to display the data up in Table 1? Choose the best explanation from the choices below. No. Since the instrument calculates 12 digits for all values, they should all be kept and not truncated. Doing so would eliminate significant information. No. Since the instrument calculates 5 decimal places for the standard, all of the values should be limited to the same number. The other decimal places are not significant for the blank and unknown sample. Yes. The way Saman made the standards was limited by the 250-mL volumetric flask. This glassware can report values to 2 decimal places, and this establishes our number of significant figures. Yes. Instrumental data…arrow_forwardSteps and explanation pleasearrow_forwardSteps and explanation to undertand concepts.arrow_forward
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Introductory Chemistry: An Active Learning Approa...ChemistryISBN:9781305079250Author:Mark S. Cracolice, Ed PetersPublisher:Cengage Learning