Product should be predicted for the given reaction conditions. Concept introduction: Anti-dihydroxylation: two hydroxyl groups adding across the double bond from both the planes is known as anti-dihydroxylation. This anti-hydroxylation happens when alkene is treated with peroxy acids followed by aqueous acid. In this reaction, intermediate is three membered cyclic oxonium ion ( epoxide formation), this cyclic strain will be revealed by the attack of nucleophile (water) molecule. Instead of water, some other nucleophiles also can attack and give anti-products. To find: the major product formed for given alkene while treated with peroxy acids followed by aqueous ethanol.

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Chapter 9.9, Problem 31ATS

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Product should be predicted for the given reaction conditions.

Concept introduction:

Anti-dihydroxylation: two hydroxyl groups adding across the double bond from both the planes is known as anti-dihydroxylation.

This anti-hydroxylation happens when alkene is treated with peroxy acids followed by aqueous acid.

In this reaction, intermediate is three membered cyclic oxonium ion (epoxide formation), this cyclic strain will be revealed by the attack of nucleophile (water) molecule.

Instead of water, some other nucleophiles also can attack and give anti-products.

To find: the major product formed for given alkene while treated with peroxy acids followed by aqueous ethanol.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Product should be predicted for the given reaction conditions.

Concept introduction:

Anti-dihydroxylation: two hydroxyl groups adding across the double bond from both the planes is known as anti-dihydroxylation.

This anti-hydroxylation happens when alkene is treated with peroxy acids followed by aqueous acid.

In this reaction, intermediate is three membered cyclic oxonium ion (epoxide formation), this cyclic strain will be revealed by the attack of nucleophile (water) molecule.

Instead of water, some other nucleophiles also can attack and give anti-products.

To find: the major product formed for given epoxide while treated with phenol.

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I have a question about this problem involving mechanisms and drawing curved arrows for acids and bases. I know we need to identify the nucleophile and electrophile, but are there different types of reactions? For instance, what about Grignard reagents and other types that I might not be familiar with? Can you help me with this? I want to identify the names of the mechanisms for problems 1-14, such as Gilman reagents and others. Are they all the same? Also, could you rewrite it so I can better understand? The handwriting is pretty cluttered. Additionally, I need to label the nucleophile and electrophile, but my main concern is whether those reactions differ, like the "Brønsted-Lowry acid-base mechanism, Lewis acid-base mechanism, acid-catalyzed mechanisms, acid-catalyzed reactions, base-catalyzed reactions, nucleophilic substitution mechanisms (SN1 and SN2), elimination reactions (E1 and E2), organometallic mechanisms, and so forth."