The given nucleophilic substitution reaction has to be completed and all electron pairs on both the nucleophile and the leaving group are shown. Concept Introduction: Nucleophilic substitution reaction: In a chemical reaction , the replacement of atom or group by nucleophile is known as nucleophilic substitution. In this reaction, leaving is replaced by nucleophile.

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The table includes macrostates characterized by 4 energy levels (&) that are equally spaced but with different degrees of occupation. a) Calculate the energy of all the macrostates (in joules). See if they all have the same energy and number of particles. b) Calculate the macrostate that is most likely to exist. For this macrostate, show that the population of the levels is consistent with the Boltzmann distribution. macrostate 1 macrostate 2 macrostate 3 ε/k (K) Populations Populations Populations 300 5 3 4 200 7 9 8 100 15 17 16 0 33 31 32 DATO: k = 1,38×10-23 J K-1

Answer 1

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Chapter 9.1, Problem 9.1P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given nucleophilic substitution reaction has to be completed and all electron pairs on both the nucleophile and the leaving group are shown.

Concept Introduction:

Nucleophilic substitution reaction:

In a chemical reaction, the replacement of atom or group by nucleophile is known as nucleophilic substitution. In this reaction, leaving is replaced by nucleophile.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given nucleophilic substitution reaction has to be completed and all electron pairs on both the nucleophile and the leaving group are shown.

Concept Introduction:

Nucleophilic substitution reaction:

In a chemical reaction, the replacement of atom or group by nucleophile is known as nucleophilic substitution. In this reaction, leaving is replaced by nucleophile.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given nucleophilic substitution reaction has to be completed and all electron pairs on both the nucleophile and the leaving group are shown.

Concept Introduction:

Nucleophilic substitution reaction:

In a chemical reaction, the replacement of atom or group by nucleophile is known as nucleophilic substitution. In this reaction, leaving is replaced by nucleophile.

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The table includes macrostates characterized by 4 energy levels (&) that are equally spaced but with different degrees of occupation. a) Calculate the energy of all the macrostates (in joules). See if they all have the same energy and number of particles. b) Calculate the macrostate that is most likely to exist. For this macrostate, show that the population of the levels is consistent with the Boltzmann distribution. macrostate 1 macrostate 2 macrostate 3 ε/k (K) Populations Populations Populations 300 5 3 4 200 7 9 8 100 15 17 16 0 33 31 32 DATO: k = 1,38×10-23 J K-1

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In an experiment, the viscosity of water was measured at different temperatures and the table was constructed from the data obtained. a) Calculate the activation energy of viscous flow (kJ/mol). b) Calculate the viscosity at 30°C. T/°C 0 20 40 60 80 η/cpoise 1,972 1,005 0,656 0,469 0,356

Answer 2

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Chapter 9.1, Problem 9.1P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given nucleophilic substitution reaction has to be completed and all electron pairs on both the nucleophile and the leaving group are shown.

Concept Introduction:

Nucleophilic substitution reaction:

In a chemical reaction, the replacement of atom or group by nucleophile is known as nucleophilic substitution. In this reaction, leaving is replaced by nucleophile.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given nucleophilic substitution reaction has to be completed and all electron pairs on both the nucleophile and the leaving group are shown.

Concept Introduction:

Nucleophilic substitution reaction:

In a chemical reaction, the replacement of atom or group by nucleophile is known as nucleophilic substitution. In this reaction, leaving is replaced by nucleophile.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given nucleophilic substitution reaction has to be completed and all electron pairs on both the nucleophile and the leaving group are shown.

Concept Introduction:

Nucleophilic substitution reaction:

In a chemical reaction, the replacement of atom or group by nucleophile is known as nucleophilic substitution. In this reaction, leaving is replaced by nucleophile.

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Chapter 9.1, Problem 9.1P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given nucleophilic substitution reaction has to be completed and all electron pairs on both the nucleophile and the leaving group are shown.

Concept Introduction:

Nucleophilic substitution reaction:

In a chemical reaction, the replacement of atom or group by nucleophile is known as nucleophilic substitution. In this reaction, leaving is replaced by nucleophile.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given nucleophilic substitution reaction has to be completed and all electron pairs on both the nucleophile and the leaving group are shown.

Concept Introduction:

Nucleophilic substitution reaction:

In a chemical reaction, the replacement of atom or group by nucleophile is known as nucleophilic substitution. In this reaction, leaving is replaced by nucleophile.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given nucleophilic substitution reaction has to be completed and all electron pairs on both the nucleophile and the leaving group are shown.

Concept Introduction:

Nucleophilic substitution reaction:

In a chemical reaction, the replacement of atom or group by nucleophile is known as nucleophilic substitution. In this reaction, leaving is replaced by nucleophile.

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Chapter 9.1, Problem 9.1P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given nucleophilic substitution reaction has to be completed and all electron pairs on both the nucleophile and the leaving group are shown.

Concept Introduction:

Nucleophilic substitution reaction:

In a chemical reaction, the replacement of atom or group by nucleophile is known as nucleophilic substitution. In this reaction, leaving is replaced by nucleophile.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given nucleophilic substitution reaction has to be completed and all electron pairs on both the nucleophile and the leaving group are shown.

Concept Introduction:

Nucleophilic substitution reaction:

In a chemical reaction, the replacement of atom or group by nucleophile is known as nucleophilic substitution. In this reaction, leaving is replaced by nucleophile.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given nucleophilic substitution reaction has to be completed and all electron pairs on both the nucleophile and the leaving group are shown.

Concept Introduction:

Nucleophilic substitution reaction:

In a chemical reaction, the replacement of atom or group by nucleophile is known as nucleophilic substitution. In this reaction, leaving is replaced by nucleophile.

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Answer 7

Chapter 9.1, Problem 9.1P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given nucleophilic substitution reaction has to be completed and all electron pairs on both the nucleophile and the leaving group are shown.

Concept Introduction:

Nucleophilic substitution reaction:

In a chemical reaction, the replacement of atom or group by nucleophile is known as nucleophilic substitution. In this reaction, leaving is replaced by nucleophile.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given nucleophilic substitution reaction has to be completed and all electron pairs on both the nucleophile and the leaving group are shown.

Concept Introduction:

Nucleophilic substitution reaction:

In a chemical reaction, the replacement of atom or group by nucleophile is known as nucleophilic substitution. In this reaction, leaving is replaced by nucleophile.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given nucleophilic substitution reaction has to be completed and all electron pairs on both the nucleophile and the leaving group are shown.

Concept Introduction:

Nucleophilic substitution reaction:

In a chemical reaction, the replacement of atom or group by nucleophile is known as nucleophilic substitution. In this reaction, leaving is replaced by nucleophile.

Answer 8

Chapter 9.1, Problem 9.1P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given nucleophilic substitution reaction has to be completed and all electron pairs on both the nucleophile and the leaving group are shown.

Concept Introduction:

Nucleophilic substitution reaction:

In a chemical reaction, the replacement of atom or group by nucleophile is known as nucleophilic substitution. In this reaction, leaving is replaced by nucleophile.

Answer 9

Chapter 9.1, Problem 9.1P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given nucleophilic substitution reaction has to be completed and all electron pairs on both the nucleophile and the leaving group are shown.

Concept Introduction:

Nucleophilic substitution reaction:

In a chemical reaction, the replacement of atom or group by nucleophile is known as nucleophilic substitution. In this reaction, leaving is replaced by nucleophile.

Answer 10

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given nucleophilic substitution reaction has to be completed and all electron pairs on both the nucleophile and the leaving group are shown.

Concept Introduction:

Nucleophilic substitution reaction:

In a chemical reaction, the replacement of atom or group by nucleophile is known as nucleophilic substitution. In this reaction, leaving is replaced by nucleophile.

Answer 11

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given nucleophilic substitution reaction has to be completed and all electron pairs on both the nucleophile and the leaving group are shown.

Concept Introduction:

Nucleophilic substitution reaction:

In a chemical reaction, the replacement of atom or group by nucleophile is known as nucleophilic substitution. In this reaction, leaving is replaced by nucleophile.

Answer 12

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given nucleophilic substitution reaction has to be completed and all electron pairs on both the nucleophile and the leaving group are shown.

Concept Introduction:

Nucleophilic substitution reaction:

In a chemical reaction, the replacement of atom or group by nucleophile is known as nucleophilic substitution. In this reaction, leaving is replaced by nucleophile.

Answer 13

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given nucleophilic substitution reaction has to be completed and all electron pairs on both the nucleophile and the leaving group are shown.

Concept Introduction:

Nucleophilic substitution reaction:

In a chemical reaction, the replacement of atom or group by nucleophile is known as nucleophilic substitution. In this reaction, leaving is replaced by nucleophile.

Answer 14

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Ch. 9.1 - Prob. 9.1P Ch. 9.3 - Prob. 9.2P Ch. 9.3 - Prob. 9.3P Ch. 9.3 - Prob. 9.4P Ch. 9.4 - Prob. 9.5P Ch. 9.5 - Predict the -elimination product(s) formed when...Ch. 9.7 - Prob. 9.7P Ch. 9.9 - Predict whether each reaction proceeds...Ch. 9.9 - Prob. AQ Ch. 9.9 - Prob. BQ

Solution Summary: The author explains that the nucleophilic substitution reaction has to be completed and all electron pairs on both the atom or group are shown.

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