Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The structural formula for the product of given SN2 reaction has to be drawn.
Concept Introduction:
SN2 reaction: It is a nucleophilic substitution reaction in which the rate determining step depends on both
Rate = k [alkylhalide]×[nucleophile]
Structure of the substrate plays a major role in SN2 reaction. If the substrate is more substituted the
(a)
Answer to Problem 9.13P
The structural formula for the product of given SN2 reaction is,
Explanation of Solution
In the given SN2 reaction, Sodium ethoxide act as a nucleophile and it attacks the terminal carbon of halo
Given reactant is non-chiral so product also non-chiral.
(b)
Interpretation:
The structural formula for the product of given SN2 reaction has to be drawn.
Concept Introduction:
SN2 reaction: It is a nucleophilic substitution reaction in which the rate determining step depends on both alkyl halide and the nucleophile present. The bond making and the bond breaking process happens simultaneously in this reaction, which results in the inversion of configuration.
Rate = k [alkylhalide]×[nucleophile]
Structure of the substrate plays a major role in SN2 reaction. If the substrate is more substituted the rate of the reaction becomes slower. Since the mechanism of SN2 reaction proceeds through backside attack on the substrate it depends on steric factor of reactant and nucleophile.
(b)
Answer to Problem 9.13P
The structural formula for the product of given SN2 reaction is,
Explanation of Solution
In the given SN2 reaction, Tri-methyl
In this reaction formed quaternary ammonium ion is stabilized by iodine ion so the product is an iodine salt of quaternary ammonium ion.
Given reactant is non-chiral so product also non-chiral.
(c)
Interpretation:
The structural formula for the product of given SN2 reaction has to be drawn.
Concept Introduction:
SN2 reaction: It is a nucleophilic substitution reaction in which the rate determining step depends on both alkyl halide and the nucleophile present. The bond making and the bond breaking process happens simultaneously in this reaction, which results in the inversion of configuration.
Rate = k [alkylhalide]×[nucleophile]
Structure of the substrate plays a major role in SN2 reaction. If the substrate is more substituted the rate of the reaction becomes slower. Since the mechanism of SN2 reaction proceeds through backside attack on the substrate it depends on steric factor of reactant and nucleophile.
(c)
Answer to Problem 9.13P
The structural formula for the product of given SN2 reaction is,
Explanation of Solution
In the given SN2 reaction, sodium cyanide act as a nucleophile and it attacks the terminal carbon of halo alkane simultaneously bromine brakes the bond to give substituted product.
Given reactant is non-chiral so product also non-chiral.
(d)
Interpretation:
The structural formula for the product of given SN2 reaction has to be drawn.
Concept Introduction:
SN2 reaction: It is a nucleophilic substitution reaction in which the rate determining step depends on both alkyl halide and the nucleophile present. The bond making and the bond breaking process happens simultaneously in this reaction, which results in the inversion of configuration.
Rate = k [alkylhalide]×[nucleophile]
Structure of the substrate plays a major role in SN2 reaction. If the substrate is more substituted the rate of the reaction becomes slower. Since the mechanism of SN2 reaction proceeds through backside attack on the substrate it depends on steric factor of reactant and nucleophile.
(d)
Answer to Problem 9.13P
The structural formula for the product of given SN2 reaction is,
Explanation of Solution
In the given SN2 reaction, methanethionate act as a nucleophile and it attacks the terminal carbon of halo alkane simultaneously chlorine brakes the bond to give substituted product.
Given reactant has an equatorial chlorine hence, the product is axial.
(e)
Interpretation:
The structural formula for the product of given SN2 reaction has to be drawn.
Concept Introduction:
SN2 reaction: It is a nucleophilic substitution reaction in which the rate determining step depends on both alkyl halide and the nucleophile present. The bond making and the bond breaking process happens simultaneously in this reaction, which results in the inversion of configuration.
Rate = k [alkylhalide]×[nucleophile]
Structure of the substrate plays a major role in SN2 reaction. If the substrate is more substituted the rate of the reaction becomes slower. Since the mechanism of SN2 reaction proceeds through backside attack on the substrate it depends on steric factor of reactant and nucleophile.
(e)
Answer to Problem 9.13P
The structural formula for the product of given SN2 reaction is,
Explanation of Solution
In the given SN2 reaction, lithium
Given reactant is non-chiral so product also non-chiral.
(f)
Interpretation:
The structural formula for the product of given SN2 reaction has to be drawn.
Concept Introduction:
SN2 reaction: It is a nucleophilic substitution reaction in which the rate determining step depends on both alkyl halide and the nucleophile present. The bond making and the bond breaking process happens simultaneously in this reaction, which results in the inversion of configuration.
Rate = k [alkylhalide]×[nucleophile]
Structure of the substrate plays a major role in SN2 reaction. If the substrate is more substituted the rate of the reaction becomes slower. Since the mechanism of SN2 reaction proceeds through backside attack on the substrate it depends on steric factor of reactant and nucleophile.
(f)
Answer to Problem 9.13P
The structural formula for the product of given SN2 reaction is,
Explanation of Solution
In the given SN2 reaction, Ammonia act as a nucleophile and it attacks the terminal carbon of halo alkane simultaneously chlorine brakes the bond to give substituted product.
In this reaction formed ammonium ion is stabilized by chorine ion so the product is a chlorine salt of ammonium ion.
Given reactant is non-chiral so product also non-chiral.
(g)
Interpretation:
The structural formula for the product of given SN2 reaction has to be drawn.
Concept Introduction:
SN2 reaction: It is a nucleophilic substitution reaction in which the rate determining step depends on both alkyl halide and the nucleophile present. The bond making and the bond breaking process happens simultaneously in this reaction, which results in the inversion of configuration.
Rate = k [alkylhalide]×[nucleophile]
Structure of the substrate plays a major role in SN2 reaction. If the substrate is more substituted the rate of the reaction becomes slower. Since the mechanism of SN2 reaction proceeds through backside attack on the substrate it depends on steric factor of reactant and nucleophile.
(g)
Answer to Problem 9.13P
The structural formula for the product of given SN2 reaction is,
Explanation of Solution
In the given SN2 reaction, Morpholine act as a nucleophile and it attacks the terminal carbon of halo alkane simultaneously chlorine brakes the bond to give substituted product.
In this reaction formed ammonium ion is stabilized by chorine ion so the product is a chlorine salt of ammonium ion.
Given reactant is non-chiral so product also non-chiral.
(h)
Interpretation:
The structural formula for the product of given SN2 reaction has to be drawn.
Concept Introduction:
SN2 reaction: It is a nucleophilic substitution reaction in which the rate determining step depends on both alkyl halide and the nucleophile present. The bond making and the bond breaking process happens simultaneously in this reaction, which results in the inversion of configuration.
Rate = k [alkylhalide]×[nucleophile]
Structure of the substrate plays a major role in SN2 reaction. If the substrate is more substituted the rate of the reaction becomes slower. Since the mechanism of SN2 reaction proceeds through backside attack on the substrate it depends on steric factor of reactant and nucleophile.
(h)
Answer to Problem 9.13P
The structural formula for the product of given SN2 reaction is,
Explanation of Solution
In the given SN2 reaction, sodium cyanide act as a nucleophile and it attacks the terminal carbon of halo alkane simultaneously bromine brakes the bond to give substituted product.
Given reactant is non-chiral so product also non-chiral.
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Chapter 9 Solutions
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