Chapter 9, Problem 9.58QP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The hybridization of sulfur in $\text{SO}$ molecule.

Interpretation: The hybridization of sulfur in $\text{SO}$ molecule is to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The hybridization of molecule is calculated by the formula,

$H=\frac{1}{2}\left(V+M-C+A\right)$

Answer to Problem 9.58QP

The hybridization of sulfur in $\text{SO}$ molecule is ${\text{sp}}^{\text{2}}$.

Explanation of Solution

The electronic configuration of sulfur is $\left[\text{Ne}\right]3{\text{s}}^{2}3{\text{p}}^4$.

The electronic configuration of oxygen is $\left[\text{He}\right]2{\text{s}}^{2}2{\text{p}}^4$.

The hybridization of molecule is calculated by the formula,

$H=\frac{1}{2}\left(V+M-C+A\right)$

Where,

• $V$ is the number of valance electrons in central metal atom.
• $M$ is the number of monovalent atoms attached with central metal atom.
• $C$ is the cationic charge.
• $A$ is the anionic charge.

The number of valance electron in sulfur is $6$.

Oxygen is a divalent atom.

The cationic and anionic charge of $\text{SO}$ molecule is zero.

Substitute the number of valance electrons of sulfur in above formula.

$\begin{array}{c}H=\frac{1}{2}\left(6-0+0\right)\\ =3\end{array}$

The hybridization number $3$ indicates that the hybridization of sulfur in $\text{SO}$ molecule is ${\text{sp}}^{\text{2}}$.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The hybridization of sulfur in ${\text{SO}}_2$ molecule.

Interpretation: The hybridization of sulfur in ${\text{SO}}_2$ molecule is to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The hybridization of molecule is calculated by the formula,

$H=\frac{1}{2}\left(V+M-C+A\right)$

Answer to Problem 9.58QP

The hybridization of sulfur in ${\text{SO}}_{\text{2}}$ molecule is ${\text{sp}}^{\text{2}}$.

Explanation of Solution

The electronic configuration of sulfur is $\left[\text{Ne}\right]3{\text{s}}^{2}3{\text{p}}^4$.

The electronic configuration of oxygen is $\left[\text{He}\right]2{\text{s}}^{2}2{\text{p}}^4$.

The hybridization of molecule is calculated by the formula,

$H=\frac{1}{2}\left(V+M-C+A\right)$

Where,

• $V$ is the number of valance electrons in central metal atom.
• $M$ is the number of monovalent atoms attached with central metal atom.
• $C$ is the cationic charge.
• $A$ is the anionic charge.

The number of valance electron in sulfur is $6$.

Oxygen is a divalent atom.

The cationic and anionic charge of ${\text{SO}}_2$ molecule is zero.

Substitute the number of valance electrons of sulfur in above formula.

$\begin{array}{c}H=\frac{1}{2}\left(6-0+0\right)\\ =3\end{array}$

The hybridization number $3$ indicates that the hybridization of sulfur in ${\text{SO}}_2$ molecule is ${\text{sp}}^{\text{2}}$.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The hybridization of sulfur in ${\text{S}}_2\text{O}$ molecule.

Interpretation: The hybridization of sulfur in ${\text{S}}_2\text{O}$ molecule is to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The hybridization of molecule is calculated by the formula,

$H=\frac{1}{2}\left(V+M-C+A\right)$

Answer to Problem 9.58QP

The hybridization of sulfur in ${\text{S}}_2\text{O}$ molecule is ${\text{sp}}^{\text{2}}$.

Explanation of Solution

The electronic configuration of sulfur is $\left[\text{Ne}\right]3{\text{s}}^{2}3{\text{p}}^4$.

The electronic configuration of oxygen is $\left[\text{He}\right]2{\text{s}}^{2}2{\text{p}}^4$.

The hybridization of molecule is calculated by the formula,

$H=\frac{1}{2}\left(V+M-C+A\right)$

Where,

• $V$ is the number of valance electrons in central metal atom.
• $M$ is the number of monovalent atoms attached with central metal atom.
• $C$ is the cationic charge.
• $A$ is the anionic charge.

The number of valance electron in sulfur is $6$.

Oxygen is a divalent atom.

The cationic and anionic charge of ${\text{S}}_2\text{O}$ molecule is zero.

Substitute the number of valance electrons of sulfur in above formula.

$\begin{array}{c}H=\frac{1}{2}\left(6-0+0\right)\\ =3\end{array}$

The hybridization number $3$ indicates that the hybridization of sulfur in ${\text{S}}_2\text{O}$ molecule is ${\text{sp}}^{\text{2}}$.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The hybridization of sulfur in ${\text{SO}}_3$ molecule.

Interpretation: The hybridization of sulfur in ${\text{SO}}_3$ molecule is to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The hybridization of molecule is calculated by the formula,

$H=\frac{1}{2}\left(V+M-C+A\right)$

Answer to Problem 9.58QP

The hybridization of sulfur in ${\text{SO}}_3$ molecule is ${\text{sp}}^{\text{2}}$.

Explanation of Solution

The electronic configuration of sulfur is $\left[\text{Ne}\right]3{\text{s}}^{2}3{\text{p}}^4$.

The electronic configuration of oxygen is $\left[\text{He}\right]2{\text{s}}^{2}2{\text{p}}^4$.

The hybridization of molecule is calculated by the formula,

$H=\frac{1}{2}\left(V+M-C+A\right)$

Where,

• $V$ is the number of valance electrons in central metal atom.
• $M$ is the number of monovalent atoms attached with central metal atom.
• $C$ is the cationic charge.
• $A$ is the anionic charge.

The number of valance electron in sulfur is $6$.

Oxygen is a divalent atom.

The cationic and anionic charge of ${\text{SO}}_3$ molecule is zero.

Substitute the number of valance electrons of sulfur in above formula.

$\begin{array}{c}H=\frac{1}{2}\left(6-0+0\right)\\ =3\end{array}$

The hybridization number $3$ indicates that the hybridization of sulfur in ${\text{SO}}_3$ molecule is ${\text{sp}}^{\text{2}}$.

Conclusion

1. a. The hybridization of sulfur in $\text{SO}$ molecule is ${\text{sp}}^{\text{2}}$.
2. b. The hybridization of sulfur in ${\text{SO}}_{\text{2}}$ molecule is ${\text{sp}}^{\text{2}}$.
3. c. The hybridization of sulfur in ${\text{S}}_2\text{O}$ molecule is ${\text{sp}}^{\text{2}}$.
4. d. The hybridization of sulfur in ${\text{SO}}_3$ molecule is ${\text{sp}}^{\text{2}}$.