The valence bond wave function of C H 4 molecule based on hybrid orbitals ( H ) on the carbon atom has to be written. Concept Introduction: Wave function ( ψ ) : A wave function is mathematical function. Like any mathematical function it can give have large value at some place, small in other and zero elsewhere. A wave function contains all information about the system. If the wave function is large at a point in space, the particle has a large probability at the point. The more rapidly a wave function changes from place to place, higher the kinetic energy of the particle it describes. VSPER Theory: VSEPR theory refers to V alence S hell E lectron P air R epulsion theory. This theory is useful to predict the geometry of any molecule or ions. As the valence bond theory predicts molecular geometry on the basis of type of hybridization in the molecule, VSEPR theory accounts for the deviations observed out of such assumptions.

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Definition Definition Theory that explains how individual atomic orbitals with an unpaired electron each, come close to each other and overlap to form a molecular orbital giving a covalent bond. VBT gives a quantum mechanical approach to the formation of covalent bonds with the help of wave functions using attractive and repulsive energies when two atoms are brought from infinity to their internuclear distance.

Chapter 9, Problem 9.3P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The valence bond wave function of CH4 molecule based on hybrid orbitals (H) on the carbon atom has to be written.

Concept Introduction:

Wave function(ψ):

A wave function is mathematical function. Like any mathematical function it can give have large value at some place, small in other and zero elsewhere.

A wave function contains all information about the system.

If the wave function is large at a point in space, the particle has a large probability at the point.

The more rapidly a wave function changes from place to place, higher the kinetic energy of the particle it describes.

VSPER Theory:

VSEPR theory refers to Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion theory. This theory is useful to predict the geometry of any molecule or ions.

As the valence bond theory predicts molecular geometry on the basis of type of hybridization in the molecule, VSEPR theory accounts for the deviations observed out of such assumptions.

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A small artisanal cheesemaker is testing the acidity of their milk before it coagulates. During fermentation, bacteria produce lactic acid (K₁ = 1.4 x 104), a weak acid that helps to curdle the milk and develop flavor. The cheesemaker has measured that the developing mixture contains lactic acid at an initial concentration of 0.025 M. Your task is to calculate the pH of this mixture and determine whether it meets the required acidity for proper cheese development. To achieve the best flavor, texture and reduce/control microbial growth, the pH range needs to be between pH 4.6 and 5.0. Assumptions: Lactic acid is a monoprotic acid H H :0:0: H-C-C H :0: O-H Figure 1: Lewis Structure for Lactic Acid For simplicity, you can use the generic formula HA to represent the acid You can assume lactic acid dissociation is in water as milk is mostly water. Temperature is 25°C 1. Write the K, expression for the dissociation of lactic acid in the space provided. Do not forget to include state symbols.…

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Answer 2

Question

Definition Definition Theory that explains how individual atomic orbitals with an unpaired electron each, come close to each other and overlap to form a molecular orbital giving a covalent bond. VBT gives a quantum mechanical approach to the formation of covalent bonds with the help of wave functions using attractive and repulsive energies when two atoms are brought from infinity to their internuclear distance.

Chapter 9, Problem 9.3P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The valence bond wave function of CH4 molecule based on hybrid orbitals (H) on the carbon atom has to be written.

Concept Introduction:

Wave function(ψ):

A wave function is mathematical function. Like any mathematical function it can give have large value at some place, small in other and zero elsewhere.

A wave function contains all information about the system.

If the wave function is large at a point in space, the particle has a large probability at the point.

The more rapidly a wave function changes from place to place, higher the kinetic energy of the particle it describes.

VSPER Theory:

VSEPR theory refers to Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion theory. This theory is useful to predict the geometry of any molecule or ions.

As the valence bond theory predicts molecular geometry on the basis of type of hybridization in the molecule, VSEPR theory accounts for the deviations observed out of such assumptions.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Check out a sample textbook solution

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Answer 3

Question

Definition Definition Theory that explains how individual atomic orbitals with an unpaired electron each, come close to each other and overlap to form a molecular orbital giving a covalent bond. VBT gives a quantum mechanical approach to the formation of covalent bonds with the help of wave functions using attractive and repulsive energies when two atoms are brought from infinity to their internuclear distance.

Chapter 9, Problem 9.3P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The valence bond wave function of CH4 molecule based on hybrid orbitals (H) on the carbon atom has to be written.

Concept Introduction:

Wave function(ψ):

A wave function is mathematical function. Like any mathematical function it can give have large value at some place, small in other and zero elsewhere.

A wave function contains all information about the system.

If the wave function is large at a point in space, the particle has a large probability at the point.

The more rapidly a wave function changes from place to place, higher the kinetic energy of the particle it describes.

VSPER Theory:

VSEPR theory refers to Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion theory. This theory is useful to predict the geometry of any molecule or ions.

As the valence bond theory predicts molecular geometry on the basis of type of hybridization in the molecule, VSEPR theory accounts for the deviations observed out of such assumptions.

Expert Solution & Answer

Want to see the full answer?

Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Answer 4

Question

Definition Definition Theory that explains how individual atomic orbitals with an unpaired electron each, come close to each other and overlap to form a molecular orbital giving a covalent bond. VBT gives a quantum mechanical approach to the formation of covalent bonds with the help of wave functions using attractive and repulsive energies when two atoms are brought from infinity to their internuclear distance.

Chapter 9, Problem 9.3P

Interpretation Introduction