Chapter 9, Problem 9.23P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The main group of $\text{X}$ in an ionic compound ${\text{X}}_3{\text{PO}}_4$ is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

An ionic bond is formed by the interaction of a metal with a non-metal. When a metal element interacts with a non-metal, the metal loses electron/electrons. The electrons lost are gained by the nonmetal. The metal turns into a cation whereas the non-metal turns into an anion. The electrostatic force of attraction between the cation and the anion leads to the formation of an ionic bond between the two. The constituents in an ionic compound are ions.

In an ionic compound, the ions are bonded to each other by ionic bonds and get separates in the water to form cations and anions.

The group number of the cation is the charge present on the cation in that compound and the group number in case of the anion is calculated as,

$\text{Group number}=8-\left(\text{charge present on anion}\right)$ (1)

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The main group of $\text{X}$ in an ionic compound ${\text{X}}_2{\left({\text{SO}}_4\right)}_3$ is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

An ionic bond is formed by the interaction of a metal with a non-metal. When a metal element interacts with a non-metal, the metal loses electron/electrons. The electrons lost are gained by the nonmetal. The metal turns into a cation whereas the non-metal turns into an anion. The electrostatic force of attraction between the cation and the anion leads to the formation of an ionic bond between the two. The constituents in an ionic compound are ions.

In an ionic compound, the ions are bonded to each other by ionic bonds and get separates in the water to form cations and anions.

The group number of the cation is the charge present on the cation in that compound and the group number in case of the anion is calculated as follows:

$\text{Group number}=\left(\text{charge present on anion}\right)+8$ (1)

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The main group of $\text{X}$ in an ionic compound $\text{X}{\left({\text{NO}}_3\right)}_2$ is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

An ionic bond is formed by the interaction of a metal with a non-metal. When a metal element interacts with a non-metal, the metal loses electron/electrons. The electrons lost are gained by the nonmetal. The metal turns into a cation whereas the non-metal turns into an anion. The electrostatic force of attraction between the cation and the anion leads to the formation of an ionic bond between the two. The constituents in an ionic compound are ions.

In an ionic compound, the ions are bonded to each other by ionic bonds and get separates in the water to form cations and anions.

The group number of the cation is the charge present on the cation in that compound and the group number in case of the anion is calculated as follows:

$\text{Group number}=\left(\text{charge present on anion}\right)+8$ (1)