Problem 1E Problem 2E: Suppose that lanthanum (Z = 57) were a newly discovered element having a density of 6.145g/cm2 .... Problem 3E: The following densities, in grams per cubic centimeter, are for the listed elements in their... Problem 4E: The blowing melting points are in degrees Celsius. Show that melting point is a periodic property of... Problem 5E: Mendeleev's periodic table did not preclude the possibility of a new group of elements that would... Problem 6E Problem 7E Problem 8E: Concerning the incomplete seventh period of the periodic table, what should be the atomic number of... Problem 9E: For each of the following pairs, indicate the atom that has the larger size: (a) Te or Br; (b) K or... Problem 10E: Indicate the smallest and the largest species (atom or ion) in the following group: Al atom, F atom,... Problem 11E: Explain why the radii of atoms do not simply increase uniformly with increasing atomic number. Problem 12E: The masses of individual atoms can be determined with great precision, yet there is considerable... Problem 13E: Which is (a) the smallest atom in group 13; (b) the smallest of the following atoms: Te, In, Sr, Po,... Problem 14E: How would you expect the sizes of the hydrogen ion, H', and the hydride ion, H*, to compare with... Problem 15E Problem 16E: Explain why the generalizations presented in Figure 9-19 cannot be used to answer the question,... Problem 17E: Among the following ions, several pairs are isoelectronic. Identify these pairs.... Problem 18E Problem 19E: All the isoelectronic species illustrated in the text had the electron configurations of noble... Problem 20E Problem 21E: Use principles established in this chapter to arrange the following atoms in order of increasing... Problem 22E: Are there any atoms for which the second ionization energy is smaller than the first? Explain. Problem 23E: Some electron affinities are negative quantities, and some are zero or positive Why is this not also... Problem 24E: How much energy, in pules, must be absorbed to convert to Naa all the atoms present in 1.00 mg of... Problem 25E: How much energy, in kilojoules, is required to remove all the third-shell electrons in a mole of... Problem 26E Problem 27E: The production of gaseous bromide ions from bromine molecules can be considered a two-step process... Problem 28E: Use ionization energies and electron affinities listed in the text to determine whether the... Problem 29E: The Naa ion and the Ne atom are isoelectronic. The ease of loss of an electron by a gaseous Ne atom,... Problem 30E Problem 31E: Compare the elements Al, Si, S, and Cl. a. Place the elements in order of increasing ionization... Problem 32E: Compare the elements Na, Mg, O, and P. a. Place the elements in order of increasing ionization... Problem 33E: Unpaired electrons are found in only one of the following species. Indicate which one, and explain... Problem 34E: Which of the following species has the greatest number of unpaired electrons (a) Ge; (b) CI; (c)... Problem 35E: Which of the following species would you expect to be diamagnetic and which paramagnetic? (a) Ka;... Problem 36E: Write electron configurations consistent with the following data on numbers of unpaired electrons:... Problem 37E: Must all atoms with an odd atomic number be paramagnetic? Must all atoms with an even atomic number... Problem 38E: Neither Co24 nor Co24 has 4s electrons in its electron configuration. How many unpaired electrons... Problem 39E: Use ideas presented in this chapter to indicate (a) three metals that you would expect to exhibit... Problem 40E: Arrange the following atoms in order of increasing polarizability: F, Na, P, As, Br. Problem 41E: Arrange the following species in order of increasing polarizability: N, S, Be, K, O. Problem 42E: For the following groups of elements, select the one that has the property noted: a. the largest... Problem 43E Problem 44E: Of the species Naa, Na, F, and F-, which has the highest polarizability? Which has lowest... Problem 45E: Match each of the lettered items on the left with an appropriate numbered item on the right. All the... Problem 46E Problem 47E: Which of the following ions are unlikely to be found in chemical compounds: Ka, Ga4+, Fe54, S2-,... Problem 48E: Which of the following ions are likely to be found in chemical compounds: Na24, Lia, AI4a, F2-, or... Problem 49IAE: Four atoms and/or ions are sketched below in accordance with their relative atomic and/or ionic... Problem 50IAE Problem 51IAE: In Mendeleev's time, indium oxide, which is 82.5% In by mass, was thought to be lnO. If this were... Problem 52IAE: Instead of accepting the atomic mass of indium implied by the date in Exercise 51, Mendeleev... Problem 53IAE: Refer to Figure 9-11 and explain why the difference between the ionic radii of the -1 and -2 anions... Problem 54IAE: Explain why the third ionization energy of Li(g) is an easier quantity to calculate than either the... Problem 55IAE Problem 56IAE Problem 57IAE: Studies done in 1880 showed that a chloride of uranium had 37.34% Cl by mass and an approximate... Problem 58IAE: Assume that atoms are herd spheres, and use the metallic radius of 186 pm for Na to estimate the... Problem 59IAE: When sodium chloride is strongly heated in a flame, the flame takes on the yellow color associated... Problem 60IAE: Use information from Chapters 8 and 9 to calculate the second ionization energy for the He atom.... Problem 61IAE: Refer only to the periodic table on the inside front cover, and arrange the following ionization... Problem 62IAE: Refer to the footnote on page 393. Then use values of basic physical constants and other data from... Problem 63IAE Problem 64IAE Problem 65FP: The work functions for a number of metals are given in the following table. How do the work... Problem 66FP: The following are a few elements and their characteristic X-ray wavelengths: Use these data to... Problem 67FP: Gaseous sodium atoms absorb quanta with the energies shown in the table below. a. The ionization... Problem 68FP: A method for estimating electron affinities is to extrapolate Z at values for atoms and ions that... Problem 69FP: We have seen that the wave functions of hydrogen-like atoms contain the nuclear charge Z for... Problem 70SAE: In your own words, define the following terms (a) isoelectronic; (b) valence-shell electrons; (c)... Problem 71SAE: Briefly describe each of the following ideas or phenomena. (a) the periodic law; (b) ionization... Problem 72SAE: Explain the important distinctions between each pair of terms: (a) actinide and lanthanide element;... Problem 73SAE Problem 74SAE Problem 75SAE Problem 76SAE Problem 77SAE Problem 78SAE: An ion that is isoelectronic with Se2- is (a) S2- (b) I- ; (c) Xe ; (d) Sr2a . Problem 79SAE: Write electron configurations to show the first two ionizations for Cs. Explain why the second... Problem 80SAE: Explain why the first ionization energy of Mg is greater that of Na, whereas the second ionization... Problem 81SAE Problem 82SAE Problem 83SAE: Find three pairs of elements that are out of order in the periodic table in terms of their atomic... Problem 84SAE Problem 85SAE Problem 86SAE Problem 87SAE Problem 88SAE Problem 89SAE: In multielectron atoms many of the periodic trends can be explained in terms of Zar Consider the... Problem 90SAE: Consider a nitrogen atom in the ground state and comment on whether the following statements are... Problem 91SAE Problem 92SAE: Describe how the ionization energies of the ions Be', B', C', N', O', F', Ne', and Na' vary with... Problem 93SAE Problem 94SAE Problem 95SAE: When compared to a nonmetal of the same period, a metal WII have a larger (a) atomic radius; (b)... Problem 96SAE Problem 97SAE: Which of the following has a smaller radius than a neon atom? (a) Mg24, (b) F-; (c) O2-, (d) Ka; (e)... Problem 98SAE Problem 99SAE: The electrons lost when Fe ionizes to Fe2- are (a) 4f-, (b) 3d; (c) 4s; (d) 3p; (e) none of these. Problem 100SAE format_list_bulleted