UNDERSTANDING THE UNIVERSE(LL)-W/CODE
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780393869903
Author: PALEN
Publisher: NORTON
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Chapter 9, Problem 33QAP
To determine
The reason why should we be concerned about the possibility of collisions of comet and asteroids.
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The Tunguska asteroid is estimated to have had a diameter of 50 m, and to have produced an explosion equivalent to 10 megatons of TNT (1 megaton = 4.2 x 1015 joules). Assume that the asteroid was a sphere with density 2 g/cm3. Using the kinetic energy formula K = ½ mv2, where m is the mass and v is the speed, to estimate the speed of the asteroid. Assume that all kinetic energy is converted into the energy of the explosion.
Give your answer in km/s with one significant figure.
There is a cloud of marbles far out in space. The distance from one end of the cloud to the other is D , and the marbles all have mass m . Near the cloud are two asteroids. One of the asteroids has mass Ma and is located a distance D from the near edge of the cloud, whereas the other has mass 12Ma and is located a distance 3D from the near edge of the cloud, as shown in the illustration.
Chapter 9 Solutions
UNDERSTANDING THE UNIVERSE(LL)-W/CODE
Ch. 9.1 - Prob. 9.1CYUCh. 9.2 - Prob. 9.2CYUCh. 9.3 - Prob. 9.3CYUCh. 9.4 - Prob. 9.4CYUCh. 9.5 - Prob. 9.5CYUCh. 9.6 - Prob. 9.6CYUCh. 9 - Prob. 1QAPCh. 9 - Prob. 2QAPCh. 9 - Prob. 3QAPCh. 9 - Prob. 4QAP
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- ____ daysarrow_forwardA lot of asteroid and comet dust collides with Earth's atmosphere everyday. Assume that 500 tons of mass is added to Earth daily from the millions of meteors that enter our atmosphere. Estimate the time it would take for the Earth's mass to increase 0.2% with this impact rate. Is this mass accumulation significant to Earth as a planet.arrow_forwardThere is one part to this question. I need to know the days. Thank you!arrow_forward
- Find the mass of a hypothetical spherical asteroid 4 km in diameter and composed of rock with an average density of 2400 km/ cubic meter. (b) Find the speed required to escape from the surface of this asteroid. (c) A typical jogging speed is 3 m/s. What would happen to an astronaut who decided to go for a jog on this asteroid?arrow_forwardA comet with a 2km diameter will make a crater about 20 km in diameter. If the comet has a mass of 4.5 x1012kg and impacts the surface at 35 km/sec, what is the kinetic energy of the comet in Joules?arrow_forwardd) The internal density of the comet 67P was measured by the Rosetta space-craft to be approximately p = 400 kg m-³. How close an approach to the Earth could be made by this comet before it is tidally disrupted? Express your answer in units of the Earth's radius. Ignoring the effects of heating and sublimation, state how close this comet could approach the Sun without being tidally disrupted. Express your answer in units of the Solar radius.arrow_forward
- Consider a spherical asteroid with a density ρ = 3 g/cm3 and a radiusR = 100 km. If its surface is covered with a thin layer of (loosely bound) regolith, what isthe shortest rotation period it can have without losing the regolith at its equator?arrow_forwardA sample from a meteorite that landed on Earth has been analyzed, and the results shows that out of every 1,000 nuclei of potassium- 40 originally in the meteorite, only 125 are still present, meaning they have no yet decayed. How old is the meteorite (in yr)? (Hint: see the figure below) (Note: The half life of potassium- 40 is 1.3 billion years.) _______ yrarrow_forward( a) Calculate the equilibrium temperature of a meteoroid of mass M, density ρ, and albedo A in the vicinity of the Earth. (b) Evaluate your result for a chondrite with M = 10^9 g, ρ = 2.5 g cm^− 3, and albedo A = 0.05 and for an achondrite with M = 10^6 g, ρ = 3 g cm^− 3, and albedo A = 0.3.arrow_forward
- An asteroid closely passes the Earth at a range of 17200mi and a relative speed of 7.8km/s.The diameter is estimated at 30mwith a specific gravity of 3. If this asteroid had impacted Earth, how much energy would have been released? Express this quantity in units of mega-tons (M ton) where a megaton is the energy released by one million metric tons of TNT explosive. A metric ton is 1000kgand the explosive energy density of TNT is 4184J/g.Hint: If the asteroid hits the Earth, its relative velocity becomes zero. Ignore any change in asteroid velocity due to gravitational acceleration or air resistance.arrow_forwardThe calculation in Example 13.1 refers to the known Oort cloud, the source for most of the comets we see. If, as some astronomers suspect, there are 10 times this many cometary objects in the solar system, how does the total mass of cometary matter compare with the mass of Jupiter?arrow_forwardSuppose a new primitive meteorite is discovered (sometime after it falls in a field of soybeans) and analysis reveals that it contains a trace of amino acids, all of which show the same rotational symmetry (unlike the Murchison meteorite). What might you conclude from this finding?arrow_forward
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