Chlamydomonas , a eukaryoric green alga, may be sensitive to the antibiotic erythromycin, which inhibits protein synthesis in bacteria. There are two mating types in this alga, mt + and mt – . If an mt + cell sensitive to the antibiotic is crossed with an mt – cell that is resistant, all progeny cells are sensitive. The reciprocal cross ( mt + resistant and mt – sensitive) yields all resistant progeny cells. Assuming that the mutation for resistance is in the chloroplast DNA, what can you conclude from the results of these crosses?

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Answer 1

Textbook Question

Chapter 9, Problem 1NST

Chlamydomonas, a eukaryoric green alga, may be sensitive to the antibiotic erythromycin, which inhibits protein synthesis in bacteria. There are two mating types in this alga, mt⁺ and mt^–. If an mt⁺ cell sensitive to the antibiotic is crossed with an mt^– cell that is resistant, all progeny cells are sensitive. The reciprocal cross (mt⁺ resistant and mt^– sensitive) yields all resistant progeny cells. Assuming that the mutation for resistance is in the chloroplast DNA, what can you conclude from the results of these crosses?

Expert Solution & Answer

Summary Introduction

To determine: The conclusion that can be drawn from the results of the given crosses.

Introduction: Chlamydomonas is a eukaryotic green alga and shows two mating types mt⁺ and mt^-. The cross between mt⁺ cell (sensitive to antibiotic) and mt^- cell (resistant to antibiotic) produces sensitive progeny cells.

Explanation of Solution

The following conclusions can be drawn from the results of the given crosses:

The mt⁺ strain of Chlamydomonas is the donor of the chloroplast DNA. This is because the inheritance of resistance or sensitivity to the antibiotic relies on the status of mt⁺ gene.
In Chlamydomonas, the chloroplasts obtain their features from mt⁺, whereas mitochondria obtain their features from the mt^- strain.

Conclusion

Thus, mt⁺ strain is the donor of chloroplast DNA and the chloroplasts gain their characteristics from mt⁺. The mitochondria obtain their features from mt^-.

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Imagine that you are a clinical geneticist. Your colleague is an oncologist who wants your help explaining the basics of genetics to their patient, who will be undergoing genetic testing in the coming weeks for possible acute myeloid leukemia (AML) induced by the radiation she had several years ago for breast cancer. Write a 1,050- to 1,225-word memo to your colleague. Include the following in your memo: An explanation of the molecular structure of DNA and RNA, highlighting both similarities and differences A description of the processes of transcription and translation An explanation of the differences between leading and lagging strands and how the DNA is replicated in each strand Reponses to the following common questions patients might ask about this type of genetic testing and genetic disorder: Does AML run in families? What genes are tested for?

Respond to the following in a minimum of 175 words: What are some potential consequences that could result if the processes of replication, transcription, and translation don’t function correctly? Provide an example of how you might explain these consequences in terms that patients might understand.

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Answer 2

Textbook Question

Chapter 9, Problem 1NST

Chlamydomonas, a eukaryoric green alga, may be sensitive to the antibiotic erythromycin, which inhibits protein synthesis in bacteria. There are two mating types in this alga, mt⁺ and mt^–. If an mt⁺ cell sensitive to the antibiotic is crossed with an mt^– cell that is resistant, all progeny cells are sensitive. The reciprocal cross (mt⁺ resistant and mt^– sensitive) yields all resistant progeny cells. Assuming that the mutation for resistance is in the chloroplast DNA, what can you conclude from the results of these crosses?

Expert Solution & Answer

Summary Introduction

To determine: The conclusion that can be drawn from the results of the given crosses.

Introduction: Chlamydomonas is a eukaryotic green alga and shows two mating types mt⁺ and mt^-. The cross between mt⁺ cell (sensitive to antibiotic) and mt^- cell (resistant to antibiotic) produces sensitive progeny cells.

Explanation of Solution

The following conclusions can be drawn from the results of the given crosses:

The mt⁺ strain of Chlamydomonas is the donor of the chloroplast DNA. This is because the inheritance of resistance or sensitivity to the antibiotic relies on the status of mt⁺ gene.
In Chlamydomonas, the chloroplasts obtain their features from mt⁺, whereas mitochondria obtain their features from the mt^- strain.

Conclusion

Thus, mt⁺ strain is the donor of chloroplast DNA and the chloroplasts gain their characteristics from mt⁺. The mitochondria obtain their features from mt^-.

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Answer 3

Textbook Question

Chapter 9, Problem 1NST

Chlamydomonas, a eukaryoric green alga, may be sensitive to the antibiotic erythromycin, which inhibits protein synthesis in bacteria. There are two mating types in this alga, mt⁺ and mt^–. If an mt⁺ cell sensitive to the antibiotic is crossed with an mt^– cell that is resistant, all progeny cells are sensitive. The reciprocal cross (mt⁺ resistant and mt^– sensitive) yields all resistant progeny cells. Assuming that the mutation for resistance is in the chloroplast DNA, what can you conclude from the results of these crosses?

Expert Solution & Answer

Summary Introduction

To determine: The conclusion that can be drawn from the results of the given crosses.

Introduction: Chlamydomonas is a eukaryotic green alga and shows two mating types mt⁺ and mt^-. The cross between mt⁺ cell (sensitive to antibiotic) and mt^- cell (resistant to antibiotic) produces sensitive progeny cells.

Explanation of Solution

The following conclusions can be drawn from the results of the given crosses:

The mt⁺ strain of Chlamydomonas is the donor of the chloroplast DNA. This is because the inheritance of resistance or sensitivity to the antibiotic relies on the status of mt⁺ gene.
In Chlamydomonas, the chloroplasts obtain their features from mt⁺, whereas mitochondria obtain their features from the mt^- strain.

Conclusion

Thus, mt⁺ strain is the donor of chloroplast DNA and the chloroplasts gain their characteristics from mt⁺. The mitochondria obtain their features from mt^-.

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Answer 4

Textbook Question

Chapter 9, Problem 1NST

Chlamydomonas, a eukaryoric green alga, may be sensitive to the antibiotic erythromycin, which inhibits protein synthesis in bacteria. There are two mating types in this alga, mt⁺ and mt^–. If an mt⁺ cell sensitive to the antibiotic is crossed with an mt^– cell that is resistant, all progeny cells are sensitive. The reciprocal cross (mt⁺ resistant and mt^– sensitive) yields all resistant progeny cells. Assuming that the mutation for resistance is in the chloroplast DNA, what can you conclude from the results of these crosses?

Expert Solution & Answer

Summary Introduction

To determine: The conclusion that can be drawn from the results of the given crosses.

Introduction: Chlamydomonas is a eukaryotic green alga and shows two mating types mt⁺ and mt^-. The cross between mt⁺ cell (sensitive to antibiotic) and mt^- cell (resistant to antibiotic) produces sensitive progeny cells.

Explanation of Solution

The following conclusions can be drawn from the results of the given crosses:

The mt⁺ strain of Chlamydomonas is the donor of the chloroplast DNA. This is because the inheritance of resistance or sensitivity to the antibiotic relies on the status of mt⁺ gene.
In Chlamydomonas, the chloroplasts obtain their features from mt⁺, whereas mitochondria obtain their features from the mt^- strain.

Conclusion

Thus, mt⁺ strain is the donor of chloroplast DNA and the chloroplasts gain their characteristics from mt⁺. The mitochondria obtain their features from mt^-.

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Answer 5

Textbook Question

Answer 6

Textbook Question

Answer 7

Expert Solution & Answer

Summary Introduction

To determine: The conclusion that can be drawn from the results of the given crosses.

Introduction: Chlamydomonas is a eukaryotic green alga and shows two mating types mt⁺ and mt^-. The cross between mt⁺ cell (sensitive to antibiotic) and mt^- cell (resistant to antibiotic) produces sensitive progeny cells.

Explanation of Solution

The following conclusions can be drawn from the results of the given crosses:

The mt⁺ strain of Chlamydomonas is the donor of the chloroplast DNA. This is because the inheritance of resistance or sensitivity to the antibiotic relies on the status of mt⁺ gene.
In Chlamydomonas, the chloroplasts obtain their features from mt⁺, whereas mitochondria obtain their features from the mt^- strain.

Conclusion

Thus, mt⁺ strain is the donor of chloroplast DNA and the chloroplasts gain their characteristics from mt⁺. The mitochondria obtain their features from mt^-.

Answer 8

Expert Solution & Answer

Summary Introduction

To determine: The conclusion that can be drawn from the results of the given crosses.

Introduction: Chlamydomonas is a eukaryotic green alga and shows two mating types mt⁺ and mt^-. The cross between mt⁺ cell (sensitive to antibiotic) and mt^- cell (resistant to antibiotic) produces sensitive progeny cells.

Explanation of Solution

The following conclusions can be drawn from the results of the given crosses:

The mt⁺ strain of Chlamydomonas is the donor of the chloroplast DNA. This is because the inheritance of resistance or sensitivity to the antibiotic relies on the status of mt⁺ gene.
In Chlamydomonas, the chloroplasts obtain their features from mt⁺, whereas mitochondria obtain their features from the mt^- strain.

Conclusion

Thus, mt⁺ strain is the donor of chloroplast DNA and the chloroplasts gain their characteristics from mt⁺. The mitochondria obtain their features from mt^-.

Answer 9

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 10

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 11

Summary Introduction

To determine: The conclusion that can be drawn from the results of the given crosses.

Introduction: Chlamydomonas is a eukaryotic green alga and shows two mating types mt⁺ and mt^-. The cross between mt⁺ cell (sensitive to antibiotic) and mt^- cell (resistant to antibiotic) produces sensitive progeny cells.

Answer 12

Explanation of Solution

The following conclusions can be drawn from the results of the given crosses:

The mt⁺ strain of Chlamydomonas is the donor of the chloroplast DNA. This is because the inheritance of resistance or sensitivity to the antibiotic relies on the status of mt⁺ gene.
In Chlamydomonas, the chloroplasts obtain their features from mt⁺, whereas mitochondria obtain their features from the mt^- strain.

Answer 13

Conclusion

Thus, mt⁺ strain is the donor of chloroplast DNA and the chloroplasts gain their characteristics from mt⁺. The mitochondria obtain their features from mt^-.

Answer 14

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