EBK CAMPBELL BIOLOGY
10th Edition
ISBN: 9780136539414
Author: Reece
Publisher: VST
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Chapter 8.1, Problem 1CC
MAKE CONNECTIONS Ø How does the second law of
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Chapter 8 Solutions
EBK CAMPBELL BIOLOGY
Ch. 8.1 - MAKE CONNECTIONS How does the second law of...Ch. 8.1 - Describe the forms of energy found in an apple as...Ch. 8.1 - WHAT IF? If you place a teaspoon of sugar in the...Ch. 8.2 - Cellular respiration uses glucose and oxygen,...Ch. 8.2 - VISUAL SKILLS How would the processes of...Ch. 8.2 - WHAT IF? Some nighttime partygoers wear glow-in-...Ch. 8.3 - How does ATP typically transfer energy from an...Ch. 8.3 - Prob. 2CCCh. 8.3 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Does Figure 8.11a show passive...Ch. 8.4 - Many spontaneous reactions occur very slowly. Why...
Ch. 8.4 - Prob. 2CCCh. 8.4 - WHAT IF? Malonate is an inhibitor of the enzyme...Ch. 8.4 - Prob. 4CCCh. 8.5 - How do an activator and an inhibitor have...Ch. 8.5 - Prob. 2CCCh. 8 - Explain how the highly ordered structure of a cell...Ch. 8 - Explain the meaning of each component in the...Ch. 8 - Describe the ATP cycle: How is ATP used and...Ch. 8 - How do both activation energy barriers and enzymes...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.5CRCh. 8 - Choose the pair of terms that correctly completes...Ch. 8 - Prob. 2TYUCh. 8 - Which of the following metabolic processes can...Ch. 8 - Prob. 4TYUCh. 8 - Some bacteria art metabolically active in hot...Ch. 8 - If an enzyme is added to a solution where its...Ch. 8 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 8 - EVOLUTION CONNECTION Some people argue that...Ch. 8 - Prob. 9TYUCh. 8 - WRITE ABOUT A THEME: ENERGY AND MATTER Life...Ch. 8 - Prob. 11TYU
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- In the situations described below, what is the free energy change if 1 mole of Na* is transported across a membrane from a region where the concentra- tion is 1 µM to a region where it is 100 mM? (Assume T = 37 °C.) (a) In the absence of a membrane potential. (b) When the transport is opposed by a membrane potential of 70 mV. (c) In cach case, will hydrolysis of 1 mole of ATP suffice to drive the trans- port of 1 mole of ion, assuming pH 7.4 and the following cytoplamic concentrations: ATP= 4.60 mM, P = 5.10 mM, ADP = 310 µM?arrow_forwardWant solution ASAP with explanationarrow_forwardUnderstand Diffusion One gram of sodium chloride will take longer to dissolve in a solution of 2 M glucose than in a solution of pure water. What is the most reasonable explanation for this observation? Multiple Choice O O O sodium chloride will form stronger ionic contacts in 2 M glucose than in water, slowing its rate of dissolution and diffusion sodium chloride is more hydrophobic in a glucose solution than it is in water, reducing its solubility and diffusion sodium chloride will encounter a greater frequency of collisions in a 2 M glucose solution than in water, slowing its diffusion glucose will form a hydration shell around sodium chloride, slowing its interactions with water and therefore reducing its solubilityarrow_forward
- Test Your Understanding 4. Diffusion is an (a) endergonic process because free energy increases (b) endergonic process because free energy decreases (c) exergonic process because entropy increases (d) exergonic process because entropy decreases (e) more than one of the preceding options are truearrow_forwardIn the Nernst equation [V = 62 log10 (Co/ Ci)], the term Ci represents: the extracellular concentration of potassium the extracellular concentration of sodium the membrane potential (in millivolts) the intracellular concentration of calcium the intracellular concentration of potassium Which of the following ions must be kept to very low concentrations within the cell cytoplasm in order to allow for enough substrate molecules to synthesize nucleotides and nucleic acids? HCO3- (bicarbonate) Ca2+ (calcium) PO43- (phosphate) Na+ (sodium) K+ (potassium)arrow_forward© Macmillan Learning A outside → Ainside, is 10.9 kJ/mol at 25°C. Consider a uniport system where a carrier protein transports an uncharged substance A across a cell membrane. Suppose that at a certain ratio of [A] inside to [A] outside, the AG for the transport of substance A from outside the cell to the inside, What is the ratio of the concentration of substance A inside the cell to the concentration outside? [A]inside [A] outside -81.28 Incorrect Answer Choose the true statement about the transport of A under the conditions described. Decreasing the concentration of the uniport protein in the membrane will cause AG to become a smaller positive number. Because AG is positive, the ratio [A] inside/[A] outside must be less than one. Increasing [A] outside will cause AG for movement of Aoutside to Ainside to become a larger positive number. Movement of Ainside to Aoutside will be spontaneous. Incorrect Answerarrow_forward
- Using your understanding and calculations of changes in Gibbs free energy, in what direction would be the most energetically favorable movement of chloride (Cl-) be in the situation below.arrow_forwardModel 4 - Transport Proteins: Facilitated Diffusion Extracellular Fluid mu Cytoplasmic Fluid Extracellular Fluid wwwwwwy hmmmml Cytoplasmic Fluid www.wmy wwwwwy hummu hmm wwwwwwy immmml wwwwwwwwY immu hmmmml wwwwy hmmmm O wwwwwwy wwwwwwwy imm hmmmmm Y www Y www 10. What appears to be the effect of inserting a protein channel into the membrane on the movement of molecules across the membrane? 11. Is the inner surface (facing the channel) of the embedded protein likely to be polar or nonpolar in the examples shown in Model 4? Is the exterior surface (facing the fatty acid chains of the phospholipids) of the embedded protein likely to be polar or nonpolar? Explain your reasoning. When a membrane protein assists in the passive transport of molecules across a barrier in the direction down their concentration gradient (from high concentration to low concentration) it is called facilitated diffusion. Transport proteins may also be involved in active transport where the cell uses energy from…arrow_forwardCan you help me to explain every question with these answer?arrow_forward
- Distinguish between simple diffusion (SD), facilitated diffusion (FD), and active transport (AT) across a membrane for the following questions. (a) Which processes are energy dependent? (b) Which processes need some kind of carrier protein(s)? (c) Which processes can be saturated by substrate? (d) Which processes can establish a concentration gradient? (e) How much energy does it take to transport an uncharged substrate in, if its starting inside concentration is 10-fold greater than outside?arrow_forwardIn the following situations, what is the free energy change if 1 mole of Na+is transported across a membrane from a region where the concentration is1 μM to a region where it is 100 mM?(Assume T = 37 °C.) (a) In the absence of a membrane potential. (b) When the transport is opposed by a membrane potential of 70 mV. (c) In each case, will hydrolysis of 1 mole of ATP suffice to drive the transport of 1 mole of ion, assuming pH 7.4 and the following cytoplasmic concentrations: ATP = 4.60 mM, Pi = 5.10 mM, ADP = 310 μM?arrow_forward1:58 l 5GE Done 11 of 23 3 of 12 During an investigation on membrane transport, a researcher exposed bacterial cells to different concentrations of two different solutes: A and B. The rate of transport of each solute into cells is represented in the graph. = Solute A = Solute B Solute Concentration Which of the following best explains the greater rate of transport for solute A than for solute B at higher solute concentrations? Solute A is being transported by simple diffusion, which does not rely on membrane proteins to control the rate of transport. A Solute A is being transported by active transport, which uses ATP and has higher rates of transport than passive transport. B Solute A is being transported by facilitated diffusion, which uses membrane proteins to increase the rate of transport. Submit !! Rate of Transport IIarrow_forward
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