Chemistry In Focus
Chemistry In Focus
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781305084476
Author: Tro, Nivaldo J., Neu, Don.
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 8, Problem 7SC
Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The reason for the evolution of energy during fission and fusion reactions is to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

In a nuclear fusion reaction, two or more atoms are combined to form one or more atomic nuclei, along with the release of energy.

In a nuclear fission reaction, the nucleus of an atom splits into two or more smaller nuclei – the fission product – along with the release of energy.

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13.84. Chlorine atoms react with methane, forming HCI and CH3. The rate constant for the reaction is 6.0 × 107 M¹ s¹ at 298 K. When the experiment was run at three other temperatures, the following data were collected: T (K) k (M-1 s-1) 303 6.5 × 107 308 7.0 × 107 313 7.5 x 107 a. Calculate the values of the activation energy and the frequency factor for the reaction. b. What is the value of the rate constant in the lower stratosphere, where T = 218 K?
My Organic Chemistry textbook says about the formation of cyclic hemiacetals, "Such intramolecular reactions to form five- and six-membered rings are faster than the corresponding intermolecular reactions.  The two reacting functional groups, in this case OH and C=O, are held in close proximity, increasing the probability of reaction."According to the book, the formation of cyclic hemiacetals occurs in acidic conditions. So my question is whether the carbonyl group in this reaction reacts first with the end alcohol on the same molecule or with the ethylene glycol.  And, given the explanation in the book, if it reacts first with ethylene glycol before its own end alcohol, why would it?  I don't need to know the final answer.  I need to know WHY it would not undergo an intermolecular reaction prior to reacting with the ethylene glycol if that is the case.  Please do not use an AI answer.
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