The starting material, which gives the desired product through the given defined reaction on working backward, is to be deduced. Concept introduction: Acid catalyzed dehydration is a reaction in which the alcohol is converted into alkene . Elimination reaction: A reaction in which two substituent groups present on adjacent positions are detached and a double bond is formed. Nucleophilic substitution reaction: A reaction, in which one of the hydrogens of a hydrocarbon, or a functional group, is replaced by any nucleophile is called substitution reaction. A nucleophile is a molecule or atom with negative charge or a lone pair of electrons. The reaction in which the halide group is removed through elimination reaction to form the alkene is called dehydrohalogenation.

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Answer 1

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Definition Definition Class of organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group ( - COOH ) and has a general formula R - COOH or R - CO 2 H , where R refers to the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or other groups. They can undergo different chemical reactions, such as acid-base reactions, esterification, and oxidation. These are essential components of living organisms, playing important roles in metabolic processes, signaling, and as pharmaceuticals.

Chapter 8, Problem 61P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The starting material, which gives the desired product through the given defined reaction on working backward, is to be deduced.

Concept introduction:

Acid catalyzed dehydration is a reaction in which the alcohol is converted into alkene.

Elimination reaction: A reaction in which two substituent groups present on adjacent positions are detached and a double bond is formed.

Nucleophilic substitution reaction: A reaction, in which one of the hydrogens of a hydrocarbon, or a functional group, is replaced by any nucleophile is called substitution reaction.

A nucleophile is a molecule or atom with negative charge or a lone pair of electrons.

The reaction in which the halide group is removed through elimination reaction to form the alkene is called dehydrohalogenation.

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(a) (b) (c) Suggest a synthesis of the following alkene (A) using a Wittig reaction strategy. Draw the starting material(s), key reagent and a full reaction mechanism including an explanation of the observed geometry. Which of the following (B) and (C) will favour the enol form? Briefly explain your reasoning. Predict the product(s) and provide a mechanism for each of the following transformations: (i) (ii) OMe OMe Base OEt NaOEt

Write equations showing how to prepare each of the following from benzene or toluene and any necessary organic or inorganic reagents. If an ortho, para mixture is formed in any step of your synthesis, assume that you can separate the two isomers. (a) Isopropylbenzene (b) p-Isopropylbenzenesulfonic acid (c) 2-Bromo-2-phenylpropane (d) 4-tert-Butyl-2-nitrotoluene (e) m-Chloroacetophenone (f) p-Chloroacetophenone (g) 3-Bromo-4-methylacetophenone (h) 2-Bromo-4-ethyltoluene (i) 3-Bromo-5-nitrobenzoic acid (j) 2-Bromo-4-nitrobenzoic acid (k) 1-Phenyloctane (l) 1-Phenyl-1-octene (m) 1-Phenyl-1-octyne (n) 1,4-Di-tert-butyl-1,4-cyclohexadiene

Provide concise syntheses for each of the following compounds starting from but-1 - ene. The source of all the carbon atoms in these molecules must be either but-1 - ene or any one carbon nucleophile/electrophile. (If you must use a reagent that has more than one carbon atoms you must show the preparation of that reagent from but-1 - ene.) (a) Methyl propanoate (b) 3, 5- Dimethylheptan-4-one (c) 5-ethyl-7-methylnon-4-ene

Answer 2

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Definition Definition Class of organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group ( - COOH ) and has a general formula R - COOH or R - CO 2 H , where R refers to the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or other groups. They can undergo different chemical reactions, such as acid-base reactions, esterification, and oxidation. These are essential components of living organisms, playing important roles in metabolic processes, signaling, and as pharmaceuticals.

Chapter 8, Problem 61P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The starting material, which gives the desired product through the given defined reaction on working backward, is to be deduced.

Concept introduction:

Acid catalyzed dehydration is a reaction in which the alcohol is converted into alkene.

Elimination reaction: A reaction in which two substituent groups present on adjacent positions are detached and a double bond is formed.

Nucleophilic substitution reaction: A reaction, in which one of the hydrogens of a hydrocarbon, or a functional group, is replaced by any nucleophile is called substitution reaction.

A nucleophile is a molecule or atom with negative charge or a lone pair of electrons.

The reaction in which the halide group is removed through elimination reaction to form the alkene is called dehydrohalogenation.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Answer 3

Question

Definition Definition Class of organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group ( - COOH ) and has a general formula R - COOH or R - CO 2 H , where R refers to the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or other groups. They can undergo different chemical reactions, such as acid-base reactions, esterification, and oxidation. These are essential components of living organisms, playing important roles in metabolic processes, signaling, and as pharmaceuticals.

Chapter 8, Problem 61P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The starting material, which gives the desired product through the given defined reaction on working backward, is to be deduced.

Concept introduction:

Acid catalyzed dehydration is a reaction in which the alcohol is converted into alkene.

Elimination reaction: A reaction in which two substituent groups present on adjacent positions are detached and a double bond is formed.

Nucleophilic substitution reaction: A reaction, in which one of the hydrogens of a hydrocarbon, or a functional group, is replaced by any nucleophile is called substitution reaction.

A nucleophile is a molecule or atom with negative charge or a lone pair of electrons.

The reaction in which the halide group is removed through elimination reaction to form the alkene is called dehydrohalogenation.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Answer 4

Question

Definition Definition Class of organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group ( - COOH ) and has a general formula R - COOH or R - CO 2 H , where R refers to the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or other groups. They can undergo different chemical reactions, such as acid-base reactions, esterification, and oxidation. These are essential components of living organisms, playing important roles in metabolic processes, signaling, and as pharmaceuticals.

Chapter 8, Problem 61P

Interpretation Introduction