Interpretation:
The structure of codling moth sex pheromone is to be given with the help of given information.
Concept Introduction:
Electrophiles are electron deficient species which has positive or partially positive charge. Lewis acids are electrophiles which accept electron pair.
Nucleophiles are electron rich species which has negative or partially negative charge. Lewis bases are nucleophiles which donate electron pair.
Free radical is an atom, molecule or ion that has unpaired electrons which makes it highly chemically reactive.
Substitution reaction: A reaction in which one of the hydrogen atoms of a hydrocarbon or a functional group is substituted by any other functional group is called substitution reaction.
Elimination reaction: A reaction in which two substituent groups are detached and a double bond is formed is called elimination reaction.
Addition reaction: It is the reaction in which unsaturated bonds are converted to saturated molecules by the addition of molecules.
The reaction in which hydrogen is added to the compound in the presence of catalyst is known as hydrogenation.
The number of moles of hydrogen absorbed will be equal to the number of double bonds.
Reduction is a process in which hydrogen atoms are added to a compound. Usual reagents used in the reduction process are
The reaction in which the
Reduction is a process in which the addition of hydrogen atoms to a compound takes place.
During an addition reaction unsaturated bonds are converted into saturated molecules by the addition of molecules
Ozonolysis is a process in which the given alkene is cleaved with ozone
The
First, give priority according to Cahn-Ingold-Prelog convention rules:
The higher the
If priority cannot be assigned according to atomic mass, then assign the priority according to the first point of difference.
If both the priority groups are on the same side of a double-bonded carbon atom, then it is known as
But if both the priority groups are diagonal to each other, then it is
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ORGANIC CHEM. VOL.1+2-W/WILEYPLUS
- Compound X is optically inactive and has the formula C 16H 16Br 2. On treatment with strong base, X gives hydrocarbon Y, C 16H 14. Compound Y absorbs 2 equivalents of hydrogen when reduced over a palladium catalyst and reacts with ozone to give two fragments. One fragment Z, is an aldehyde with formula C 7H 6O. The other fragment is glyoxal, (CHO)2. Which of the following answers is correct? Select all that are correct.arrow_forwardA8arrow_forwardThe hydrocarbon fluorene was treated with potassium t-butoxide in an acid-base reaction, giving the fluorenide anion and t-butyl alcohol. (a) Which way does the equilibrium lie, and by how much? b) What is the proportion of the fluorenide anion to fluorene? (c) Why is fluorene so highly acidic, considering the pKa of an average alkane is above 50?arrow_forward
- (a) What functional group is undergoing a transformation in the reaction? (b) What functional group is it being transformed into (in the final product)?arrow_forwardGive reasons for the following :(i) Phenol is more acidic than methanol.(ii) The C—O—H bond angle in alcohols is slightly less than the tetrahedral angle (190°28′).(iii) (CH3)3C—O—CH3 on reaction with HI gives (CH3)3C—I and CH3—OH as the main products and not (CH3)3C—OH and CH3—I.arrow_forwardEach of the following reactions has been described in the chemical literature and involves an organic reactant somewhat more complex than those we have encountered so far. Nevertheless, on the basis of the topics covered in this chapter, you should be able to write the structure of the principal organic product of each reaction.arrow_forward
- Give reasons for the following :(i) Ethyl iodide undergoes SN2 reaction faster than ethyl bromide.(ii) (±) 2-Butanol is optically inactive.(iii) C—X bond length in halobenzene is smaller than C—X bond length in CH3—X.arrow_forwardCompound A and compound B both have molecular formula C6H12. Both compounds produce epoxides when treated with a peroxy acid (RCO3H). The epoxide resulting from compound A was treated with aqueous acid (H3O+) and the resulting diol has no chiral centers. Identify the two possible structures for compound A (enter two numbers separated by commas with no spaces, e.g. "1,2") The epoxide resulting from compound B was treated with (H3O*) and the resulting diol was a meso compound. Identify compound B 2 3 potn 7 1 5 6 4 8arrow_forwardUsing Friedel Crafts alkylation of benzene, a group of scientists discovered compound A, CsH10, an optically inactive compound. They discovered that compound B, C3H9Br, is produced during the halogenation process. When compound B is reacted with nitric acid, compound C, C3H§BrNO2, is formed. While Friedel Crafts acylation of compound A produces compound E, C10H12O. This compound C was oxidised to produce compound D, C,H4BrNO4 as a major product. Identify the possible structural formulae compounds A to E and explain your answers.arrow_forward
- Ketones and aldehydes react with sodium acetylide (the sodium salt of acetylene) to give alcohols, as shown in the following example: R1 ОН 1. НС—с: Na* R2 R1 R2 2. Нзо" HC Draw the structure of the major reaction product when the following compound reacts with sodium acetylide, assuming that the reaction takes preferentially from the Si face of the carbonyl group. • Use the wedge/hash bond tools to indicate stereochemistry where it exists. • You do not have to explicitly draw H atoms. • If a group is achiral, do not use wedged or hashed bonds on it. CH3 CHarrow_forwardH NH₂ ཡིནྣཾ ༥ ཨ ཨནྡྷ༥ ༠ ཨི་ཝཱ, ཙ ཨ་ར༩ H NH3+ the acidity of the amine ion drives the reaction to shift toward the conjugate base of the carboxylic acid product. the resulting carboxylic acid ion is a weaker base than an acetate ion. O aldehydes are more reactive toward nucleophiles than ketones. Onucleophilic attack occurs preferentially at the less hindered carbon of the formyl group.arrow_forwardNitroxoline is the generic name by which 5-nitro-8-hydroxyquinoline is sold as an antibacterial drug. Write its structural formula.arrow_forward
- Introduction to General, Organic and BiochemistryChemistryISBN:9781285869759Author:Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar TorresPublisher:Cengage LearningOrganic ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305580350Author:William H. Brown, Brent L. Iverson, Eric Anslyn, Christopher S. FootePublisher:Cengage Learning