Physics, Books a la Carte Edition (5th Edition)
5th Edition
ISBN: 9780134020853
Author: James S. Walker
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 8, Problem 53GP
CE You and a friend both solve a problem involving a skier going down a slope. When comparing solutions, you notice that your choice for the y = 0 level is different than the y = 0 level chosen by your friend. Will your answers agree or disagree on the following quantities: (a) the skier’s potential energy: (b) the skier’s change in potential energy; (c) the skier’s kinetic energy?
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Chapter 8 Solutions
Physics, Books a la Carte Edition (5th Edition)
Ch. 8.1 - 1. In Figure 8-8, the work done by a conservative...Ch. 8.2 - 1. The work done by a conservative force on a...Ch. 8.3 - A system with only conservative forces acting on...Ch. 8.4 - 4. A system is acted on by more than one force,...Ch. 8.5 - A system consists of an object moving along the x...Ch. 8 - Is it possible for the kinetic energy of an object...Ch. 8 - If the stretch of a spring is doubled, the force...Ch. 8 - When a mass is placed on top of a vertical spring,...Ch. 8 - If a spring is stretched so far that it is...Ch. 8 - An object is thrown upward to a person on a roof....
Ch. 8 - It is a law of nature that the total energy of the...Ch. 8 - Discuss the venous energy conversions that occur...Ch. 8 - Discuss the nature of the work done by the...Ch. 8 - It the force on an object is zero, does that mean...Ch. 8 - When a ball is thrown upward, its mechanical...Ch. 8 - When a ball is thrown upward, it spends the same...Ch. 8 - The work done by a conservative force is indicated...Ch. 8 - 2. Calculate the work done by gravity as a 3.2-kg...Ch. 8 - Calculate the work done by friction as a 37-kg box...Ch. 8 - Predict/Calculate A 2.8-kg block is attached to a...Ch. 8 - Predict/Calculate (a) Calculate the work done by...Ch. 8 - In the system shown in Figure 8-26, suppose the...Ch. 8 - Predict/Explain Ball 1 is thrown to the ground...Ch. 8 - A mass is attached to the bottom of a vertical...Ch. 8 - Find the gravitational potential energy of an...Ch. 8 - A student lifts a 1.42-kg book from her desk to a...Ch. 8 - At the local ski slope, an 82.0-kg skier rides a...Ch. 8 - BIO The Wing of the Hawkmoth Experiments performed...Ch. 8 - Predict/Calculate A vertical spring stores 0.962 J...Ch. 8 - Pushing on the pump of a soap dispenser compresses...Ch. 8 - BIO Mantis Shrimp Smasher A peacock mantis shrimp...Ch. 8 - Predict/Calculate The work required to stretch a...Ch. 8 - A 0.33-kg pendulum bob is attached to a string 1.2...Ch. 8 - Prob. 18PCECh. 8 - Prob. 19PCECh. 8 - For an object moving along the x axis, the...Ch. 8 - At an amusement park, a swimmer uses a water side...Ch. 8 - Prob. 22PCECh. 8 - A skateboarder at a skate park rides along the...Ch. 8 - Three balls are thrown upward with the same...Ch. 8 - A 0.21-kg apple falls from a tree to the ground,...Ch. 8 - Predict/Calculate A 2.9-kg block slides with a...Ch. 8 - A 0.26-kg rock is thrown vertically upward from...Ch. 8 - A 1 40-kg block sides with a speed of 0.950 m/s on...Ch. 8 - A 5.76-kg rock is dropped and allowed to fall...Ch. 8 - Predict/Calculate Suppose the pendulum bob m...Ch. 8 - The two masses in the Atwoods machine shown in...Ch. 8 - In the previous problem, suppose the masses have...Ch. 8 - Prob. 33PCECh. 8 - Catching a wave, a 77-kg surfer starts with a...Ch. 8 - At a playground, a 19-kg child plays on a slide...Ch. 8 - Starting at rest at the edge of a swimming pool, a...Ch. 8 - A 22,000-kg airplane lands with a speed of 64 m/s...Ch. 8 - A78-kg skateboarder grinds down a hubba ledge that...Ch. 8 - You ride your bicycle down a hill, maintaining a...Ch. 8 - A 111-kg seal at an amusement park slides from...Ch. 8 - A 1.9-kg rock is released from rest at the surface...Ch. 8 - A 1250-kg car drives up a hill that is 16.2 m...Ch. 8 - The Outlaw Run roller coaster in Branson,...Ch. 8 - A 1.80-kg block slides on a rough horizontal...Ch. 8 - Figure 8-34 shows a potential energy curve as a...Ch. 8 - An object moves along the x axis, subject to the...Ch. 8 - A 1.34-kg object moves along the x axis, subject...Ch. 8 - The potential energy of a particle moving along...Ch. 8 - A block of mass m = 0.88 kg is connected to a...Ch. 8 - A ball of mass m = 0.75 kg is thrown straight...Ch. 8 - Figure 8-35 depicts the potential energy of a...Ch. 8 - Figure 8-35 depicts the potential energy of a...Ch. 8 - CE You and a friend both solve a problem involving...Ch. 8 - CE A particle moves under the influence of a...Ch. 8 - A sled slides without friction down a small,...Ch. 8 - A 74 Kg skier encounters a dip in the snows...Ch. 8 - Running Shoes The soles of a popular make of...Ch. 8 - Nasal Strips The force required to flex a nasal...Ch. 8 - The water slide shown in Figure 8-37 ends at a...Ch. 8 - A skateboarder starts at point A in Figure 8-38...Ch. 8 - The Crash of Skylab NASAs Skylab, the largest...Ch. 8 - BIO Bird Tendons Several studies indicate that the...Ch. 8 - In the Atwoods machine of Problem 31, the mass m2...Ch. 8 - A 6.60-kg block slides with an initial speed of...Ch. 8 - Jeff of the Jungle swings on a 7.6-m vine that...Ch. 8 - A 1.9-kg block slides down a frictionless ramp, as...Ch. 8 - Suppose the ramp in Figure 8-40 is not motionless....Ch. 8 - BIO Compressing the Ground A running track at...Ch. 8 - BIO A Fleas Jump The resilin in the body of a flea...Ch. 8 - Predict/Calculate Tension at the Bottom A ball of...Ch. 8 - An ice cube is placed on top of an overturned...Ch. 8 - Predict/Calculate The two blocks shown in Figure...Ch. 8 - Predict/Calculate Loop-the-Loop (a) A block of...Ch. 8 - Figure 8-45 shows a 1.75-kg block at rest on a...Ch. 8 - In Figure 8-45 a 1.2-kg block is held at rest...Ch. 8 - BIO The Flight of the Dragonflies Of all the...Ch. 8 - BIO The Flight of the Dragonflies Of all the...Ch. 8 - BIO The Flight of the Dragonflies Of all the...Ch. 8 - BIO The Flight of the Dragonflies Of all the...Ch. 8 - Predict/Calculate Referring to Example 8-12...Ch. 8 - Referring to Example 8-12 Suppose the block is...Ch. 8 - Referring to Example 8-17 suppose we would like...
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- Answer yes or no to each of the following questions. (a) Can an objectEarth system have kinetic energy and not gravitational potential energy? (b) Can it have gravitational potential energy and not kinetic energy? (c) Can it have both types of energy at the same moment? (d) Can it have neither?arrow_forwardA particle moves in one dimension under the action of a conservative force. The potential energy of the system is given by the graph in Figure P8.55. Suppose the particle is given a total energy E, which is shown as a horizontal line on the graph. a. Sketch bar charts of the kinetic and potential energies at points x = 0, x = x1, and x = x2. b. At which location is the particle moving the fastest? c. What can be said about the speed of the particle at x = x3? FIGURE P8.55arrow_forwardA shopper pushes a grocery cart 20.0 m at constant speed on level ground, against a 35.0 N frictional force. He pushes in a direction 25.0° below the horizontal. (a) What is the work done on the cart by friction? (b) What is the work done on the cart by the gravitational force? (c) What is the work done on the cart by the shopper? (d) Find the force the shopper exerts, using energy considerations. (e) What is the total work done on the cart?arrow_forward
- Give an example of a situation in which there is a force and a displacement, but the force does no work. Explain why it does no work.arrow_forward(a) Can the kinetic energy of a system be negative? (b) Can the gravitational potential energy of a system be negative? Explain.arrow_forwardA particle moves in the xy plane (Fig. P9.30) from the origin to a point having coordinates x = 7.00 m and y = 4.00 m under the influence of a force given by F=3y2+x. a. What is the work done on the particle by the force F if it moves along path 1 (shown in red)? b. What is the work done on the particle by the force F if it moves along path 2 (shown in blue)? c. What is the work done on the particle by the force F if it moves along path 3 (shown in green)? d. Is the force F conservative or nonconservative? Explain. FIGURE P9.30 In each case, the work is found using the integral of Fdr along the path (Equation 9.21). W=rtrfFdr=rtrf(Fxdx+Fydy+Fzdz) (a) The work done along path 1, we first need to integrate along dr=dxi from (0,0) to (7,0) and then along dr=dyj from (7,0) to (7,4): W1=x=0;y=0x=7;y=0(3y2i+xj)(dxi)+x=7;y=0x=7;y=4(3y2i+xj)(dyj) Performing the dot products, we get W1=x=0;y=0x=7;y=03y2dx+x=7;y=0x=7;y=4xdy Along the first part of this path, y = 0 therefore the first integral equals zero. For the second integral, x is constant and can be pulled out of the integral, and we can evaluate dy. W1=0+x=7;y=0x=7;y=4xdy=xy|x=7;y=0x=7;y=4=28J (b) The work done along path 2 is along dr=dyj from (0,0) to (0,4) and then along dr=dxi from (0,4) to (7,4): W2=x=0;y=0x=0;y=4(3y2i+xj)(dyj)+x=0;y=4x=7;y=4(3y2i+xj)(dyi) Performing the dot product, we get: W2=x=0;y=0x=0;y=4xdy+x=0;y=4x=7;y=43y2dx Along the first part of this path, x = 0. Therefore, the first integral equals zero. For the second integral, y is constant and can be pulled out of the integral, and we can evaluate dx. W2=0+3y2x|x=0;y=4x=7;y=4=336J (c) To find the work along the third path, we first write the expression for the work integral. W=rtrfFdr=rtrf(Fxdx+Fydy+Fzdz)W=rtrf(3y2dx+xdy)(1) At first glance, this appears quite simple, but we cant integrate xdy=xy like we might have above because the value of x changes as we vary y (i.e., x is a function of y.) [In parts (a) and (b), on a straight horizontal or vertical line, only x or y changes]. One approach is to parameterize both x and y as a function of another variable, say t, and write each integral in terms of only x or y. Constraining dr to be along the desired line, we can relate dx and dy: tan=dydxdy=tandxanddx=dytan(2) Now, use equation (2) in (1) to express each integral in terms of only one variable. W=x=0;y=0x=7;y=43y2dx+x=0;y=0x=7;y=4xdyW=y=0y=43y2dytan+x=0x=7xtandx We can determine the tangent of the angle, which is constant (the angle is the angle of the line with respect to the horizontal). tan=4.007.00=0.570 Insert the value of the tangent and solve the integrals. W=30.570y33|y=0y=4+0.570x22|x=0x=7W=112+14=126J (d) Since the work done is not path-independent, this is non-conservative force. Figure P9.30ANSarrow_forward
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