Chapter 8, Problem 1Q

Summary Introduction

To review:

The types and functions of molecules necessary for the production of light in the firefly lanterns.

Introduction:

The Lampyridae refers to the family of insects present in the beetle order Coleoptera. These are basically winged beetles, which are commonly known as fireflies or lightning bugs. The fireflies emit energy in the form of light and this phenomenon is known as bioluminescence. The light is emitted from an organ known as firefly lantern, which is located in their abdomen.

The fireflies (Photuris pennsylvanica) are known to emit light during hot summer nights, which the people enjoy watching. This is a form of mating signal, through which the fireflies attract mates of the opposite sex.

Explanation of Solution

In order to emit light, they dispense some of their energy utilizing the adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Apart from the ATP, other molecules are also involved in the emission of light, which are luciferin, enzyme (luciferase), and magnesium ions. The luciferin is the main molecule, which is responsible for the generation of light. The energy is provided by the ATP molecule. The researchers have found that luciferin emits maximum light in the presence of magnesium ions. All three molecules emit light when they are activated by enzyme luciferase under aerobic conditions.

Conclusion

Thus, it can be concluded that set of molecules, which are responsible for the production of light by the firefly lanterns are luciferin, luciferase, ATP, and magnesium ions. The enzyme luciferase activates luciferin in the presence of ATP. The bioluminescence is further enhanced by the magnesium ions in the fireflies.