Chapter 8, Problem 108P

Left ventricular mass (LVM) is an important risk factor for subsequent cardiovascular disease. A study is proposed to assess the relationship between childhood blood-pressure levels and LVM in children as determined from echocardiograms. The goal is to stratify children into a normal bp group (< 80th percentile fortheir age, gender, and height) and an elevated bp group (≥ 90th percentile for their age, gender, and height) and compare the change in LVM between the two groups.

Before this can be done, one needs to demonstrate that LVM actually changes in children over a 4-year period.

To help plan the main study, a pilot study is conducted where echocardiograms are obtained from 10 random children from the Bogalusa Heart Study at baseline and after four years of follow-up (Urbina et al., Personal Communication). The data are given in Table 8.27.

Table 8.27 Pilot data on left ventricular mass (LVM) in children from the Bogalusa Heart Study

Provide a 95% Cl for the change in LVM over 4 years based on the data in Table 8.27.