Experimental Organic Chemistry: A Miniscale & Microscale Approach (Cengage Learning Laboratory Series for Organic Chemistry)
Experimental Organic Chemistry: A Miniscale & Microscale Approach (Cengage Learning Laboratory Series for Organic Chemistry)
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781305080461
Author: John C. Gilbert, Stephen F. Martin
Publisher: Brooks Cole
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Chapter 7.3, Problem 4E
Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The stepwise mechanism using curved arrow to show the electron’s flow for the below isomerization needs to be determined.

  Experimental Organic Chemistry: A Miniscale & Microscale Approach (Cengage Learning Laboratory Series for Organic Chemistry), Chapter 7.3, Problem 4E

Concept Introduction :

The isomerism procedure includes the isomers. It is known as the molecules that contain the similar molecular formula but they generally own a dissimilar atom’s arrangement in space. Below are the two kinds:

  1. Constitutional isomers: They are known as the compounds within which the several atoms are linked or attached in a dissimilar manner. They are also known as the structural isomers:
  2. Stereoisomers: These are the compounds that vary on the basis of positioning in space. Below are two types:
  • Enantiomers: These are the compounds that are generally a mirror image of one another and these mirror images are also known as non-superimposable.
  • Diastereomers: These are the compounds that are not the mirror images of one another. Also, these compounds are also non-superimposable. They are of two kinds: cis and trans:
  • Cis-isomers are the isomers that generally have atoms that are concerned with the similar side of a bond.
  • Instead, the trans-isomers are the compounds which contain atoms concerned with opposite sides of a bond.

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Heparin is used as an anti-coagulant. A risk of heparin use is thrombocytopenia, or low platelet count. This risk is minimized with the use of low molecular weight heparins (LMWH), therefore it is desirable to separate LMWH from higher molecular weight heparins. The method of choice to do this is molecular exclusion chromatography. Below is a chromatogram from a molecular exclusion chromatographic run. Peaks ranging from A to J are clearly distinguishable. The heparin mixture that was analyzed had anywhere from 6 to 30 repeat units of monomer (where the heparin with 30 repeat units would be roughly five times the size of the heparin with six repeat units). a. Which letter most likely represents the peak with 6 repeat units given these heparin polymers were separated with molecular exclusion chromatography? b. Explain your reasoning describing the mechanism of retention in molecular exclusion chromatography. 100 80 60 60 Relative Abundance 40 40 E GH 20 20 B A 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 50…
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