Chapter 7.12, Problem 7.31CP

Program Plan Intro

Vector:

The Standard Template Library (STL) includes the collection of data types and algorithms which can be used by the programmer in their programs.

• A special data type called vector is offered by STL which is useful for standard arrays.

A vector stores the elements or values in sequence order and the values are stored in continuous memory locations.

• The subscript operator “[]” in the vector helps to read the content of each element.

Syntax:

Syntax to define a vector is as follows:

//Declaring an empty vector

vector <data_type> name_of_vector;

In the above line,

• The keyword “vector” represents the vector declaration.
• The “<data_type>” represents the type of data the vector can hold; the data types such as “int”, “float”, “string”, “char”, and “double”.
• The “name_of_vector” represents the name of the vector.

Storing values in a vector:

To store a value in a vector, a special member function called “push_back()” has been used.

Consider the following format to store value in a vector:

//store the value in vector

Name_of_vector.push_back(element_for_insertion);

In the above line,

• The “Name_of_vector” represents the vector name.
• The “Push_back()” is a member function which is used to store values in a vector.
• The “element-for-insertion” is the parameter which holds the value to be stored in the vector.