IEEE 802.11: IEEE 802.11 stands for wireless LAN that was ratified by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineering. There are many 802.11 standards for wireless LAN technology in the IEEE 802.11. The different 802.11 standards all share some common characteristics. Basic service set (BSS) is a fundamental building block of 802.11 architecture. The BSS also known as Access Point (AP). Every wireless station in 802.11 wants to associate with an access point before it can send or receive network layer data. DIFS: DIFS stands for DCF Interframe Spacing. It is a time delay for which sender wait after finishing its back off, previously sending RTS package. SIFS: SIFS stands for Shortest Interframe Spacing and it is consider as shortest among above mention networking technology. Request to send (RTS)/ clear to send (CTS): The optimal mechanism used by the IEEE 802.11 is RTS. This is used to decreasing the frame collisions which was introduced by the hidden node problem. In order to avoid the collisions problem, the IEEE 802.11 protocol allows a station to use Request to Send (RTS) and Clear to Send (CTS) control frames to reserve access to the channel. When a sender want to send a data frame, it can initial send an RTS frame to the AP. After AP receives the RTS frame, it will responds by broadcasting a CTS frame.

Question

Refer to page 140 for problems on PKI and encryption. Instructions: • Simulate a PKI system, including the generation of public-private key pairs and digital certificates. • Demonstrate secure communication between two parties using the certificates. • Explain certificate validation and revocation processes. Link: [https://drive.google.com/file/d/1wKSrun-GlxirS31Z9qo Hazb9tC440 AZF/view?usp=sharing]

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 7, Problem P7P

Program Plan Intro

IEEE 802.11:

IEEE 802.11 stands for wireless LAN that was ratified by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineering.

There are many 802.11 standards for wireless LAN technology in the IEEE 802.11. The different 802.11 standards all share some common characteristics.

Basic service set (BSS) is a fundamental building block of 802.11 architecture. The BSS also known as Access Point (AP).

Every wireless station in 802.11 wants to associate with an access point before it can send or receive network layer data.

DIFS:

DIFS stands for DCF Interframe Spacing. It is a time delay for which sender wait after finishing its back off, previously sending RTS package.

SIFS:

SIFS stands for Shortest Interframe Spacing and it is consider as shortest among above mention networking technology.

Request to send (RTS)/ clear to send (CTS):

The optimal mechanism used by the IEEE 802.11 is RTS. This is used to decreasing the frame collisions which was introduced by the hidden node problem.

In order to avoid the collisions problem, the IEEE 802.11 protocol allows a station to use Request to Send (RTS) and Clear to Send (CTS) control frames to reserve access to the channel.

When a sender want to send a data frame, it can initial send an RTS frame to the AP. After AP receives the RTS frame, it will responds by broadcasting a CTS frame.

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