Chemistry (OER)
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781947172616
Author: OpenStax
Publisher: OpenStax College
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Textbook Question
Chapter 7, Problem 68E
How does the bond energy of HCl(g) differ from the standard enthalpy of formation of HCl(g)?
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3.
An unknown element, X, combines with chlorine to give a substance with the formula
XC14. A chlorine analysis of the substance indicates that it contains 83.47% chlorine by mass.
What element is X and what is the formula of this compound?
(Hint: to identify an element or compound, identify its molar mass. Remember that Molar Mass
= (grams A)/(moles A). Solve for each individually and then divide them to find molar mass.)
1.
When hydrogen sulfide (H2S, MM = 34.08 g/mol) gas is bubbled into a solution of
sodium hydroxide (NaOH, 40.00 g/mol), sodium sulfide (Na2S, 78.04 g/mol) and water (18.02
g/mol) are produced according to the balanced chemical equation shown below?
H2S 2 NaOH --> Na2S 2 H₂O
(a) Assuming the reaction goes to completion, how many grams of sodium sulfide are formed if
2.50g of hydrogen sulfide is bubbled into a solution containing 1.85g of NaOH? (20 pts)
(b) Which reactant and how much of it remains after the reaction has been completed? (15 pts)
(c) If only 0.400g of sodium sulfide was recovered, what is the percent yield of this reaction (5
pts)
The organic compound MTBE (methyltertiarybutylether) is used as a fuel additive that
allows gasoline to burn more cleanly thus leading to a reduction in pollution. Recently,
however, MTBE has been found in the drinking water of a number of communities. As a
result several states are phasing out the use of MTBE as a fuel additive. A combustion
experiment using 10.00 g of MTBE was found to produce 24.97g of CO2 and 12.26 g of
H2O.
(a) What is the empirical formula of MTBE assuming it contains C, H, and O only?
(b) The molar mass of MTBE was experimentally determined to be 88.1 g/mol. Using this
information what is the molecular formula of MTBE
Chapter 7 Solutions
Chemistry (OER)
Ch. 7 - Does a cation gain protons to form a positive...Ch. 7 - Iron(III) sulfate [Fe2( SO 4)3] is composed of...Ch. 7 - Which of the following atoms would be expected to...Ch. 7 - Which of the following atoms would be expected to...Ch. 7 - Predict the charge on the monatomic ions formed...Ch. 7 - Predict the charge on the monatomic ions formed...Ch. 7 - Write the electron configuration for each of the...Ch. 7 - Write the electron configuration for the monatomic...Ch. 7 - Write out the full electron configuration for each...Ch. 7 - From the labels of several commercial products,...
Ch. 7 - Why is it incorrect to speak of a molecule of...Ch. 7 - What information can you use to predict whether a...Ch. 7 - Predict which of the following compounds are ionic...Ch. 7 - Explain the difference between a nonpolar covalent...Ch. 7 - From its position in the periodic table, determine...Ch. 7 - From its position in the periodic table, determine...Ch. 7 - From their positions in the periodic able, arrange...Ch. 7 - From their positions in the periodic table,...Ch. 7 - Which atoms can bond to sulfur so as to produce a...Ch. 7 - Which is the most polar bond? (a) CC (b) CH (c) NH...Ch. 7 - Identify the more polar bond in each of the...Ch. 7 - Which of the following molecules or ions contain...Ch. 7 - Write the Lewis symbols for each of the following...Ch. 7 - Many monatomic ions are found in seawater,...Ch. 7 - Write the Lewis symbols of the ions in each of the...Ch. 7 - Iii (he Lewis structures listed here, M and X...Ch. 7 - Write the Lewis structure for the diatomic...Ch. 7 - Write Lewis structures for the following: (a) H2...Ch. 7 - Write Lewis structures for the following: (a) O2...Ch. 7 - Write Lewis structures for the following: (a) ClF3...Ch. 7 - Write Lewis structures for the following: (a) SeF6...Ch. 7 - Write Lewis structures for: (a) PO43 (b) ICl4 (c)...Ch. 7 - Correct the following statement: The bonds in...Ch. 7 - Write Lewis structures for the following molecules...Ch. 7 - Methanol, H3COH, is used as the fuel in some race...Ch. 7 - Many planets in our solar system contain organic...Ch. 7 - Carbon tetrachloride was formerly used in fire...Ch. 7 - Identify the atoms that correspond to each of the...Ch. 7 - The arrangement of atoms in several biologically...Ch. 7 - A compound with a molar mass of about 28 g/mol...Ch. 7 - A compound with a molar mass of about 42 g/mol...Ch. 7 - Two arrangements of atoms are possible for a...Ch. 7 - How are single, double, and triple bonds similar?...Ch. 7 - Write resonance forms that describe the...Ch. 7 - Write resonance forms that describe the...Ch. 7 - Write the resonance forms of ozone, Q3, the...Ch. 7 - Sodium nitrite, which has been used to preserve...Ch. 7 - In terms of the bonds present, explain why acetic...Ch. 7 - Write the Lewis structures for the following, and...Ch. 7 - Toothpastes containing sodium hydrogen carbonate...Ch. 7 - Determine the formal charge of each element in the...Ch. 7 - Determine the formal charge of each element in the...Ch. 7 - Calculate the formal charge of chlorine in the...Ch. 7 - 54. Calculate the formal charge of each element in...Ch. 7 - Draw all possible resonance structures for each of...Ch. 7 - Based on formal charge considerations, which of...Ch. 7 - Based on formal charge considerations, which of...Ch. 7 - Based on formal charge considerations, which of...Ch. 7 - Draw the structure of hydroxylamine, H3NO, and...Ch. 7 - Iodine forms a series of fluorides (listed here)....Ch. 7 - Write the Lewis structure and chemical formula of...Ch. 7 - Which of the following structures would we expect...Ch. 7 - Sulfuric acid is the industrial chemical produced...Ch. 7 - Which bond in each of the following pairs of bonds...Ch. 7 - Using the bond energies in Table 7.2, determine...Ch. 7 - Using the bond energies in Table 7.2, determine...Ch. 7 - When a molecule can form two different structures,...Ch. 7 - How does the bond energy of HCl(g) differ from the...Ch. 7 - Using the standard enthalpy of formation data in...Ch. 7 - Using the standard enthalpy of formation data in...Ch. 7 - Using the standard enthalpy of formation data in...Ch. 7 - Using the standard enthalpy of formation data in...Ch. 7 - Complete the following Lewis structure by adding...Ch. 7 - Use the bond energy to calculate an approximate...Ch. 7 - Element First Ionization Energy (kJImol) Second...Ch. 7 - The lattice energy of LiF is 1023 kJ/mol, and the...Ch. 7 - For which of the following substances is the least...Ch. 7 - The reaction of a metal, M, with a halogen, X2,...Ch. 7 - The lattice energy of LiF is 1023 kJ/mol, and the...Ch. 7 - Which compound in each of the following pairs has...Ch. 7 - Which compound in each of the following pairs has...Ch. 7 - Which of the following compounds requires the most...Ch. 7 - Which of the following compounds requires the most...Ch. 7 - The lattice energy of KF is 794 kJ/mol, and the...Ch. 7 - Explain why the HOH molecule is bent, whereas the...Ch. 7 - What feature of a Lewis structure can be used to...Ch. 7 - Explain the difference between electron-pair...Ch. 7 - Why is the HNH angle in NH3 smaller than the HCH...Ch. 7 - Explain how a molecule that contains polar bonds...Ch. 7 - As a general rule, MX molecules (where M...Ch. 7 - Predict the electron pair geometry and the...Ch. 7 - Identify the electron pair geometry and the...Ch. 7 - What are the electron-pair geometry and the...Ch. 7 - Predict the electron pair geometry and the...Ch. 7 - Identify the electron pair geometry and the...Ch. 7 - Predict the electron pair geometry and the...Ch. 7 - Which of the following molecules and ions contain...Ch. 7 - Which of these molecules and ions contain polar...Ch. 7 - Which of the following molecules have dipole...Ch. 7 - Identify the molecules with a dipole moment: (a)...Ch. 7 - The molecule XF3 has a dipole moment. Is X boron...Ch. 7 - The molecule XCl2 has a dipole moment. Is X...Ch. 7 - Is the Cl2BBCl2 molecule polar or nonpolar?Ch. 7 - There are three possible structures for PCl2F3...Ch. 7 - Describe the molecular structure around the...Ch. 7 - Draw the Lewis structures and predict the shape of...Ch. 7 - A molecule with the formula AB2, in which A and B...Ch. 7 - A molecule with the formula AB3, in which A and B...Ch. 7 - Draw the Lewis electron dot structures for these...Ch. 7 - What is the molecular structure of the stable form...Ch. 7 - A compound with a molar mass of about 42 g/mol...Ch. 7 - Use the simulation...Ch. 7 - Use the simulation...Ch. 7 - Use the Molecule Shape simulator...Ch. 7 - Use the Molecule Shape simulator...Ch. 7 - Use the Molecule Shape simulator...
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