
Interpretation:
The given reaction using mechanistic arguments involving Newman projections is to be explained.
Concept Introduction:
▸ Newman projected two types of spatial arrangements of molecules: staggered and eclipsed Newman projections.
▸ Staggered conformation: It is the arrangement of atoms or groups of atoms in a molecule resulting in a
▸ Eclipsed conformation: It is the arrangement of atoms or groups of atoms in a molecule resulting in a
▸ The molecules which are non-superimposable or not identical with their mirror images are known as chiral molecules.
▸ A pair of two mirror images which are non-identical is known as enantiomers which are optically active.
▸ The objects or molecules which are superimposable with their mirror images are achiral objects or molecules and these objects have a centre of symmetry or plane of symmetry.
▸ The achiral compounds in which plane of symmetry is present internally and consists of chiral centres are known as meso compounds but they are optically inactive.
▸ The stereoisomers which are non-superimposable on each other and not mirror images of each other are known as diastereomers.
▸ Chiral molecules are capable of rotating plane polarized light
▸ The molecules which are superimposable or identical with their mirror images are known as achiral molecules, and achiral molecules are not capable of rotating the plane-polarised light.
▸ Priority is given to all the four group attached to the chirality center.
▸ Priority is assigned on the basis of the
▸ If priority cannot be assigned according to
▸ After assigning priority to the four groups, rotate the molecule such that fourth priority group is away from the observer.
▸ Now, move from a to b to c; if the direction is clockwise, then the chiral center designated as

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Chapter 7 Solutions
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