Chapter 7, Problem 22E

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The reaction $\text{Co}\left(s\right)+{\text{O}}_{\text{2}}\left(g\right)\to {\text{Co}}_2{\text{O}}_{\text{3}}\left(s\right)$ is to be classified as combination, decomposition, single replacement, double replacement, or neutralization.

Concept introduction:

Chemical reactions are the rearrangement of ions, atoms or molecules to form other chemical substances. The chemical substances that are used initially are known as the reactants while the newly formed chemical substances are known as the products. The chemical reaction is generally classified into four types: combination reaction, decomposition reaction, single-replacement reaction and double replacement reaction.

Answer to Problem 22E

The reaction $\text{Co}\left(s\right)+{\text{O}}_{\text{2}}\left(g\right)\to {\text{Co}}_2{\text{O}}_{\text{3}}\left(s\right)$ is a combination reaction.

Explanation of Solution

Combination reaction involves the reaction of two reactants to form a single product.

The reaction is shown below.

$\text{Co}\left(s\right)+{\text{O}}_{\text{2}}\left(g\right)\to {\text{Co}}_2{\text{O}}_{\text{3}}\left(s\right)$

Therefore, the type of reaction is a combination reaction because $\text{Co}$ combines with oxygen gas to form ${\text{Co}}_2{\text{O}}_{\text{3}}$.

Conclusion

The reaction $\text{Co}\left(s\right)+{\text{O}}_{\text{2}}\left(g\right)\to {\text{Co}}_2{\text{O}}_{\text{3}}\left(s\right)$ is a combination reaction.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The reaction ${\text{LiClO}}_3\left(s\right)\to \text{LiCl}\left(s\right)+{\text{O}}_2\left(g\right)$ is to be classified as combination, decomposition, single replacement, double replacement, or neutralization.

Concept introduction:

Chemical reactions are the rearrangement of ions, atoms or molecules to form other chemical substances. The chemical substances that are used initially are known as the reactants while the newly formed chemical substances are known as the products. The chemical reaction is generally classified into four types: combination reaction, decomposition reaction, single-replacement reaction and double replacement reaction.

Answer to Problem 22E

The reaction ${\text{LiClO}}_3\left(s\right)\to \text{LiCl}\left(s\right)+{\text{O}}_2\left(g\right)$ is a decomposition reaction.

Explanation of Solution

Decomposition reaction involves the breakdown of a reactant to form more than two products.

The reaction is shown below.

${\text{LiClO}}_3\left(s\right)\to \text{LiCl}\left(s\right)+{\text{O}}_2\left(g\right)$

Therefore, the type of reaction is a decomposition reaction because ${\text{LiClO}}_3$ is decomposed to form two products $\text{LiCl}$ and ${\text{O}}_2$.

Conclusion

The reaction ${\text{LiClO}}_3\left(s\right)\to \text{LiCl}\left(s\right)+{\text{O}}_2\left(g\right)$ is a decomposition reaction.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The reaction $\text{Cu}\left(s\right)+{\text{AgC}}_{\text{2}}{\text{H}}_{\text{3}}{\text{O}}_{\text{2}}\left(aq\right)\to \text{Cu}{\left({\text{C}}_{\text{2}}{\text{H}}_{\text{3}}{\text{O}}_{\text{2}}\right)}_{\text{2}}\left(aq\right)+\text{Ag}\left(s\right)$ is to be classified as combination, decomposition, single replacement, double replacement, or neutralization.

Concept introduction:

Chemical reactions are the rearrangement of ions, atoms or molecules to form other chemical substances. The chemical substances that are used initially are known as the reactants while the newly formed chemical substances are known as the products. The chemical reaction is generally classified into four types: combination reaction, decomposition reaction, single-replacement reaction and double replacement reaction.

Answer to Problem 22E

The reaction $\text{Cu}\left(s\right)+{\text{AgC}}_{\text{2}}{\text{H}}_{\text{3}}{\text{O}}_{\text{2}}\left(aq\right)\to \text{Cu}{\left({\text{C}}_{\text{2}}{\text{H}}_{\text{3}}{\text{O}}_{\text{2}}\right)}_{\text{2}}\left(aq\right)+\text{Ag}\left(s\right)$ is a single replacement reaction.

Explanation of Solution

The reaction in which a more reactive metal displaces a less reactive metal from its compound is known as single-replacement reaction.

The reaction is shown below.

$\text{Cu}\left(s\right)+{\text{AgC}}_{\text{2}}{\text{H}}_{\text{3}}{\text{O}}_{\text{2}}\left(aq\right)\to \text{Cu}{\left({\text{C}}_{\text{2}}{\text{H}}_{\text{3}}{\text{O}}_{\text{2}}\right)}_{\text{2}}\left(aq\right)+\text{Ag}\left(s\right)$

Therefore, the given type of reaction is a single replacement reaction because silver of ${\text{AgC}}_{\text{2}}{\text{H}}_{\text{3}}{\text{O}}_{\text{2}}$ is replaced by copper to give the products, $\text{Cu}{\left({\text{C}}_{\text{2}}{\text{H}}_{\text{3}}{\text{O}}_{\text{2}}\right)}_{\text{2}}$ and $\text{Ag}$.

Conclusion

The reaction $\text{Cu}\left(s\right)+{\text{AgC}}_{\text{2}}{\text{H}}_{\text{3}}{\text{O}}_{\text{2}}\left(aq\right)\to \text{Cu}{\left({\text{C}}_{\text{2}}{\text{H}}_{\text{3}}{\text{O}}_{\text{2}}\right)}_{\text{2}}\left(aq\right)+\text{Ag}\left(s\right)$ is a single replacement reaction.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The reaction $\text{Pb}{\left({\text{NO}}_{\text{3}}\right)}_{\text{2}}\left(aq\right)+\text{LiCl}\left(aq\right)\to {\text{PbCl}}_{\text{2}}\left(s\right)+{\text{LiNO}}_{\text{3}}\left(aq\right)$ is to be classified as combination, decomposition, single replacement, double replacement, or neutralization.

Concept introduction:

Chemical reactions are the rearrangement of ions, atoms or molecules to form other chemical substances. The chemical substances that are used initially are known as the reactants while the newly formed chemical substances are known as the products. The chemical reaction is generally classified into four types: combination reaction, decomposition reaction, single-replacement reaction and double replacement reaction.

Answer to Problem 22E

The reaction $\text{Pb}{\left({\text{NO}}_{\text{3}}\right)}_{\text{2}}\left(aq\right)+\text{LiCl}\left(aq\right)\to {\text{PbCl}}_{\text{2}}\left(s\right)+{\text{LiNO}}_{\text{3}}\left(aq\right)$ is a double replacement reaction.

Explanation of Solution

The chemical reaction in which exchange of ions takes place between two compounds is known as double replacement reaction.

The reaction is shown below.

$\text{Pb}{\left({\text{NO}}_{\text{3}}\right)}_{\text{2}}\left(aq\right)+\text{LiCl}\left(aq\right)\to {\text{PbCl}}_{\text{2}}\left(s\right)+{\text{LiNO}}_{\text{3}}\left(aq\right)$

Therefore, the type of reaction is a double replacement reaction because the ${\text{NO}}_3^{-}$ ion of the $\text{Pb}{\left({\text{NO}}_{\text{3}}\right)}_{\text{2}}$ is replaced by the ${\text{Cl}}^{-}$ ion of the $\text{LiCl}$ to give the products, ${\text{PbCl}}_{\text{2}}$ and ${\text{LiNO}}_{\text{3}}$.

Conclusion

The reaction $\text{Pb}{\left({\text{NO}}_{\text{3}}\right)}_{\text{2}}\left(aq\right)+\text{LiCl}\left(aq\right)\to {\text{PbCl}}_{\text{2}}\left(s\right)+{\text{LiNO}}_{\text{3}}\left(aq\right)$ is a double replacement reaction.

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

The reaction ${\text{H}}_2{\text{SO}}_4\left(aq\right)+\text{Al}{\left(\text{OH}\right)}_{\text{3}}\left(aq\right)\to {\text{Al}}_2{\left({\text{SO}}_{\text{4}}\right)}_3\left(aq\right)+{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\left(l\right)$ is to be classified as combination, decomposition, single replacement, double replacement, or neutralization.

Concept introduction:

Chemical reactions are the rearrangement of ions, atoms or molecules to form other chemical substances. The chemical substances that are used initially are known as the reactants while the newly formed chemical substances are known as the products. The chemical reaction is generally classified into four types: combination reaction, decomposition reaction, single-replacement reaction and double replacement reaction.

Answer to Problem 22E

The reaction ${\text{H}}_2{\text{SO}}_4\left(aq\right)+\text{Al}{\left(\text{OH}\right)}_{\text{3}}\left(aq\right)\to {\text{Al}}_2{\left({\text{SO}}_{\text{4}}\right)}_3\left(aq\right)+{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\left(l\right)$ is a neutralization reaction.

Explanation of Solution

The reaction of an acid with a base results in the formation of salt and water. This reaction is known as neutralization reaction. The reaction is shown below.

${\text{H}}_2{\text{SO}}_4\left(aq\right)+\text{Al}{\left(\text{OH}\right)}_{\text{3}}\left(aq\right)\to {\text{Al}}_2{\left({\text{SO}}_{\text{4}}\right)}_3\left(aq\right)+{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\left(l\right)$

Therefore, the type of reaction is a neutralization reaction because the sulfuric acid reacts with the aluminum hydroxide to form aluminum sulfate and water.

Conclusion

The reaction ${\text{H}}_2{\text{SO}}_4\left(aq\right)+\text{Al}{\left(\text{OH}\right)}_{\text{3}}\left(aq\right)\to {\text{Al}}_2{\left({\text{SO}}_{\text{4}}\right)}_3\left(aq\right)+{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\left(l\right)$ is neutralization reaction.