Concept explainers
Videos
The light reactions take place in the structures of the chloroplast called the _____, while the Calvin cycle takes place in the _____.
To determine:
The structure of the chloroplast where light reactions take place and also the site where the Calvin cycle takes place.
Introduction:
The chloroplast is a plastid organelle present in green leaves and algae. Chloroplast is the site of photosynthesis. Photosynthesis is a process in which sunlight is used to prepare the food nutrients. The prepared nutrients are stored in the form of starch. The chloroplast contains the chlorophyll, thylakoid, grana, and stroma.
Answer to Problem 1SQ
Correct answer:
The light reactions take place in the structures of the chloroplast called the thylakoid, while the Calvin cycle takes place in the stroma.
Explanation of Solution
The chloroplast is the organelle where photosynthesis takes place. The chloroplast is the double membrane bound organelle that contains the chlorophyll pigments, stroma, grana, and thylakoid. The thylakoid is present enclosed in the inner membrane of the chloroplast. It absorbs the light energy and provides green color to the chloroplast. The thylakoid membrane also contains the two photosystem unit or complex (PSI and PSII) where light reaction occurs.
The stroma is the fluid or aqueous layer that is present in the inner membrane of the chloroplast. The stroma consists of the stack of grana molecules. Various metabolic enzymes and proteins are also present in the stroma and they involve in the Calvin cycle. Thus, the dark reaction or Calvin cycle takes place inside the stroma of the chloroplast where ATP and NADH are synthesized.
The thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast is involved in the light reaction, while the stroma of the chloroplast involves in the Calvin cycle.
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 7 Solutions
Campbell Essential Biology (7th Edition)
Additional Science Textbook Solutions
Laboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & Physiology
Microbiology Fundamentals: A Clinical Approach
Human Physiology: An Integrated Approach (8th Edition)
HUMAN ANATOMY
Campbell Biology in Focus (2nd Edition)
- Which part of the Calvin cycle would be affected if a cell could not produce the enzyme RuBIsCO?arrow_forwardWhat is the molecule that leaves the Calvin cycle to be converted into glucose? a. ADP b. G3P c. RuBP d. 3-PGAarrow_forwardMatch each term with its most suitable description. ____ PGAL formation a. absorbs light ____CO2 fixation b. converts light to chemical energy ____ autotroph c. self-feeder ____ ATP forms NADPH does not d. electrons cycle back to photosystem ____ photorespiration e. problem in C3 plants ____ photosynthesis f. Calvin-Benson cycle product ____ pigment g. water molecules split ____ photolysis in photosynthesis h. rubisco functionarrow_forward
- The Calvin-Benson cycle starts with _______. a. the absorption of photon energy b. carbon fixation c. the release of electrons from photosystem II d. NADP+ formationarrow_forwardWhich two products of the light-dependent reactions are used up in the Calvin cycle? Rubisco adds a CO2 molecule to a sugar that contains _______ carbons. The reaction product immediately splits into two sugars that each contain _______ carbons. O2 can compete with CO2 for a place in the rubisco active site. As a consequenceO2 is incorporated into RuBP instead of CO2. Why might this be a disadvantage?arrow_forwardWhen a photon is absorbed by a chlorophyll, the energy of the photon is transferred to an electron, which is energized from its ground state to an excited state. This event in photosynthesis is specifically called __________.arrow_forward
- During photosynthesis, the synthesis of ATP is driven by the flow of H+ from the thylakoid lumen into the stroma via the enzyme ATP synthase. This synthesis of ATP in chloroplast achieved by a chemiosmotic mechanism is specifically called __________.arrow_forwardThe high energy molecules that provide the energy to run the reactions of the Calvin cycle are ______________ and ________________. During the first step in the Calvin cycle, a molecule of carbon dioxide gas binds to a 5-carbon molecule called Ribulose 1,5-biphosphate (RuBP). This step of the Calvin cycle is called: ___________________________. After three carbon dioxide molecules have been fixed to three RuBP and the Calvin cycle completes one turn, the organic molecule that is produced is _______________________. Once two of the molecules from the previous blank have been produced, they can combine to make a single six-carbon __________________________ molecule.arrow_forwardIn a scientific experiment, thylakoids put in an acidic solution and then transfered to a basic solution were able to produce ATP. This was due to what process? Question 40 options: Photosystem I Chemiosmosis calvin cycle Photosystem IIarrow_forward
- The function of the _____________ complex in photosynthesis is similar to the Q cycle in mitochondria.arrow_forwardThe light-independent or dark reactions of photosynthesis occur only at night. Do you agree with this statement?arrow_forwardThe chloroplast Light Reaction starts with the splitting of molecular oxygen and protons; the electrons that are generated flow through and and end up in the chloroplast Dark Reaction providing energy for the Calvin Cycle to fix the gas solid into intoarrow_forward
Concepts of BiologyBiologyISBN:9781938168116Author:Samantha Fowler, Rebecca Roush, James WisePublisher:OpenStax College
Biology Today and Tomorrow without Physiology (Mi...BiologyISBN:9781305117396Author:Cecie Starr, Christine Evers, Lisa StarrPublisher:Cengage Learning