Ammonia molecule has to be illustrated through ball-stick model, space-filling and two-dimensional pictures. Concept Introduction: Molecular geometry is the shape of a molecule predicted by considering only bond pair of electrons. Bond angle is the angle between two bonds of a molecule and it is determined based on the electron-domain geometry. T y p e o f m o l e c u l e H y b r i d a i z a t i o n G e o m e t r y B o n d a n g l e A X 2 s p L i n e a r 180 ° A X 3 , A X 2 B s p 2 T r i g o n a l p l a n a r 120 ° A X 4 , A X 3 B , A X 2 B 2 s p 3 T e t r a h e d r a l 109.5 ° A X 5 , A X 4 B , A X 3 B 2 , A X 2 B 3 s p 3 d T r i g o n a l b i p y r a m i d a l 120 ° , 90 ° A X 6 , A X 5 B , A X 4 B 2 s p 3 d 2 O c t a h e d r a l 90 ° A → C e n t r a l a t o m X → A t o m s b o n d e d t o A B → N o n b o n d i n g e l e c t r o n p a i r s o n A Generally, a solid wedge bond indicates it is above the plane of the ring and a broken wedge bond indicates it is below the plane.
Ammonia molecule has to be illustrated through ball-stick model, space-filling and two-dimensional pictures. Concept Introduction: Molecular geometry is the shape of a molecule predicted by considering only bond pair of electrons. Bond angle is the angle between two bonds of a molecule and it is determined based on the electron-domain geometry. T y p e o f m o l e c u l e H y b r i d a i z a t i o n G e o m e t r y B o n d a n g l e A X 2 s p L i n e a r 180 ° A X 3 , A X 2 B s p 2 T r i g o n a l p l a n a r 120 ° A X 4 , A X 3 B , A X 2 B 2 s p 3 T e t r a h e d r a l 109.5 ° A X 5 , A X 4 B , A X 3 B 2 , A X 2 B 3 s p 3 d T r i g o n a l b i p y r a m i d a l 120 ° , 90 ° A X 6 , A X 5 B , A X 4 B 2 s p 3 d 2 O c t a h e d r a l 90 ° A → C e n t r a l a t o m X → A t o m s b o n d e d t o A B → N o n b o n d i n g e l e c t r o n p a i r s o n A Generally, a solid wedge bond indicates it is above the plane of the ring and a broken wedge bond indicates it is below the plane.
Solution Summary: The author explains that the shape of a molecule is predicted by considering only bond pair of electrons. The bond angle is determined based on the electron-domain geometry.
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