The products of the following reactions should be determined and if the products can exist as stereoisomers, it must be shown. Concept Introduction: Halogen addition to an alkene: The addition reaction of halides to alkenes leads to the formation of vicinal dihalide as the product. The two halogens will be on the adjacent carbons. Mainly Br 2 and Cl 2 undergo addition reaction with alkenes and the reaction is carried out in an inert solvent such as dichloromethane. In general, the reaction can be shown as below. When the bromine approaches the alkene, one bromine accepts the electrons from alkene and give them to the other bromine and a cyclic bromonium ion intermediate is formed. The formed unstable intermediate reacts with Br - and the product is formed.

Question

Want to see the full answer?

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 6, Problem 78P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The products of the following reactions should be determined and if the products can exist as stereoisomers, it must be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Halogen addition to an alkene:

The addition reaction of halides to alkenes leads to the formation of vicinal dihalide as the product. The two halogens will be on the adjacent carbons.

Mainly Br2 and Cl2 undergo addition reaction with alkenes and the reaction is carried out in an inert solvent such as dichloromethane.

In general, the reaction can be shown as below.

When the bromine approaches the alkene, one bromine accepts the electrons from alkene and give them to the other bromine and a cyclic bromonium ion intermediate is formed.

The formed unstable intermediate reacts with Br- and the product is formed.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The products of the following reactions should be determined and if the products can exist as stereoisomers, it must be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Acid Catalysed addition of water: When water is added to alkene in the presence of an acid, the product formed will be an alcohol.

The electrophile H+ adds to the nucleophile alkene and a carbocation is formed. Then water adds to the carbocation and form a protonated alcohol and in the last step it loses a proton and final an alcohol is formed.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The products of the following reactions should be determined and if the products can exist as stereoisomers, it must be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Halogen addition to an alkene:

The addition reaction of halides to alkenes leads to the formation of vicinal dihalide as the product. The two halogens will be on the adjacent carbons.

Mainly Br2 and Cl2 undergo addition reaction with alkenes and the reaction is carried out in an inert solvent such as dichloromethane.

In general, the reaction can be shown as below.

When the bromine approaches the alkene, one bromine accepts the electrons from alkene and give them to the other bromine and a cyclic bromonium ion intermediate is formed.

The formed unstable intermediate reacts with Br- and the product is formed.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The products of the following reactions should be determined and if the products can exist as stereoisomers, it must be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Addition of a hydrogen halide to an alkene:

An alkyl halide is formed, if an hydrogen halide is used as an electrophile in the addition to alkene.

The H+ adds to one of the sp2 carbon and the nucleophile halide ion to other sp2 carbon

The general reaction is represented as:

Expert Solution & Answer

Want to see the full answer?

Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Students have asked these similar questions

When 15.00 mL of 3.00 M NaOH was mixed in a calorimeter with 12.80 mL of 3.00 M HCl, both initially at room temperature (22.00 C), the temperature increased to 29.30 C. The resultant salt solution had a mass of 27.80 g and a specific heat capacity of 3.74 J/Kg. What is heat capacity of the calorimeter (in J/C)? Note: The molar enthalpy of neutralization per mole of HCl is -55.84 kJ/mol.

When 15.00 mL of 3.00 M NaOH was mixed in a calorimeter with 12.80 mL of 3.00 M HCl, both initially at room temperature (22.00 C), the temperature increased to 29.30 C. The resultant salt solution had a mass of 27.80 g and a specific heat capacity of 3.74 J/Kg. What is heat capacity of the calorimeter (in J/C)? Note: The molar enthalpy of neutralization per mole of HCl is -55.84 kJ/mol. Which experimental number must be initialled by the Lab TA for the first run of Part 1 of the experiment? a) the heat capacity of the calorimeter b) Mass of sample c) Ti d) The molarity of the HCl e) Tf

Predict products for the Following organic rxn/s by writing the structurels of the correct products. Write above the line provided" your answer D2 ①CH3(CH2) 5 CH3 + D₂ (adequate)" + 2 mited) 19 Spark Spark por every item. 4 CH 3 11 3 CH 3 (CH2) 4 C-H + CH3OH CH2 CH3 + CH3 CH2OH 0 CH3 fou + KMnDy→ C43 + 2 KMn Dy→→ C-OH ") 0 C-OH 1110 (4.) 9+3 =C CH3 + HNO 3 0 + Heat> + CH3 C-OH + Heat CH2CH3 - 3 2 + D Heat H 3 CH 3 CH₂ CH₂ C = CH + 2 H₂ → 2 2

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 6, Problem 78P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The products of the following reactions should be determined and if the products can exist as stereoisomers, it must be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Halogen addition to an alkene:

The addition reaction of halides to alkenes leads to the formation of vicinal dihalide as the product. The two halogens will be on the adjacent carbons.

Mainly Br2 and Cl2 undergo addition reaction with alkenes and the reaction is carried out in an inert solvent such as dichloromethane.

In general, the reaction can be shown as below.

When the bromine approaches the alkene, one bromine accepts the electrons from alkene and give them to the other bromine and a cyclic bromonium ion intermediate is formed.

The formed unstable intermediate reacts with Br- and the product is formed.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The products of the following reactions should be determined and if the products can exist as stereoisomers, it must be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Acid Catalysed addition of water: When water is added to alkene in the presence of an acid, the product formed will be an alcohol.

The electrophile H+ adds to the nucleophile alkene and a carbocation is formed. Then water adds to the carbocation and form a protonated alcohol and in the last step it loses a proton and final an alcohol is formed.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The products of the following reactions should be determined and if the products can exist as stereoisomers, it must be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Halogen addition to an alkene:

The addition reaction of halides to alkenes leads to the formation of vicinal dihalide as the product. The two halogens will be on the adjacent carbons.

Mainly Br2 and Cl2 undergo addition reaction with alkenes and the reaction is carried out in an inert solvent such as dichloromethane.

In general, the reaction can be shown as below.

When the bromine approaches the alkene, one bromine accepts the electrons from alkene and give them to the other bromine and a cyclic bromonium ion intermediate is formed.

The formed unstable intermediate reacts with Br- and the product is formed.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The products of the following reactions should be determined and if the products can exist as stereoisomers, it must be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Addition of a hydrogen halide to an alkene:

An alkyl halide is formed, if an hydrogen halide is used as an electrophile in the addition to alkene.

The H+ adds to one of the sp2 carbon and the nucleophile halide ion to other sp2 carbon

The general reaction is represented as:

Expert Solution & Answer

Want to see the full answer?

Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Answer 3

Question

Chapter 6, Problem 78P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The products of the following reactions should be determined and if the products can exist as stereoisomers, it must be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Halogen addition to an alkene:

The addition reaction of halides to alkenes leads to the formation of vicinal dihalide as the product. The two halogens will be on the adjacent carbons.

Mainly Br2 and Cl2 undergo addition reaction with alkenes and the reaction is carried out in an inert solvent such as dichloromethane.

In general, the reaction can be shown as below.

When the bromine approaches the alkene, one bromine accepts the electrons from alkene and give them to the other bromine and a cyclic bromonium ion intermediate is formed.

The formed unstable intermediate reacts with Br- and the product is formed.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The products of the following reactions should be determined and if the products can exist as stereoisomers, it must be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Acid Catalysed addition of water: When water is added to alkene in the presence of an acid, the product formed will be an alcohol.

The electrophile H+ adds to the nucleophile alkene and a carbocation is formed. Then water adds to the carbocation and form a protonated alcohol and in the last step it loses a proton and final an alcohol is formed.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The products of the following reactions should be determined and if the products can exist as stereoisomers, it must be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Halogen addition to an alkene:

The addition reaction of halides to alkenes leads to the formation of vicinal dihalide as the product. The two halogens will be on the adjacent carbons.

Mainly Br2 and Cl2 undergo addition reaction with alkenes and the reaction is carried out in an inert solvent such as dichloromethane.

In general, the reaction can be shown as below.

When the bromine approaches the alkene, one bromine accepts the electrons from alkene and give them to the other bromine and a cyclic bromonium ion intermediate is formed.

The formed unstable intermediate reacts with Br- and the product is formed.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The products of the following reactions should be determined and if the products can exist as stereoisomers, it must be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Addition of a hydrogen halide to an alkene:

An alkyl halide is formed, if an hydrogen halide is used as an electrophile in the addition to alkene.

The H+ adds to one of the sp2 carbon and the nucleophile halide ion to other sp2 carbon

The general reaction is represented as:

Expert Solution & Answer

Want to see the full answer?

Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Answer 4

Question

Chapter 6, Problem 78P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The products of the following reactions should be determined and if the products can exist as stereoisomers, it must be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Halogen addition to an alkene:

The addition reaction of halides to alkenes leads to the formation of vicinal dihalide as the product. The two halogens will be on the adjacent carbons.

Mainly Br2 and Cl2 undergo addition reaction with alkenes and the reaction is carried out in an inert solvent such as dichloromethane.

In general, the reaction can be shown as below.

When the bromine approaches the alkene, one bromine accepts the electrons from alkene and give them to the other bromine and a cyclic bromonium ion intermediate is formed.

The formed unstable intermediate reacts with Br- and the product is formed.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The products of the following reactions should be determined and if the products can exist as stereoisomers, it must be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Acid Catalysed addition of water: When water is added to alkene in the presence of an acid, the product formed will be an alcohol.

The electrophile H+ adds to the nucleophile alkene and a carbocation is formed. Then water adds to the carbocation and form a protonated alcohol and in the last step it loses a proton and final an alcohol is formed.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The products of the following reactions should be determined and if the products can exist as stereoisomers, it must be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Halogen addition to an alkene:

The addition reaction of halides to alkenes leads to the formation of vicinal dihalide as the product. The two halogens will be on the adjacent carbons.

Mainly Br2 and Cl2 undergo addition reaction with alkenes and the reaction is carried out in an inert solvent such as dichloromethane.

In general, the reaction can be shown as below.

When the bromine approaches the alkene, one bromine accepts the electrons from alkene and give them to the other bromine and a cyclic bromonium ion intermediate is formed.

The formed unstable intermediate reacts with Br- and the product is formed.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The products of the following reactions should be determined and if the products can exist as stereoisomers, it must be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Addition of a hydrogen halide to an alkene:

An alkyl halide is formed, if an hydrogen halide is used as an electrophile in the addition to alkene.

The H+ adds to one of the sp2 carbon and the nucleophile halide ion to other sp2 carbon

The general reaction is represented as:

Expert Solution & Answer

Want to see the full answer?

Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Answer 5

Chapter 6, Problem 78P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The products of the following reactions should be determined and if the products can exist as stereoisomers, it must be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Halogen addition to an alkene:

The addition reaction of halides to alkenes leads to the formation of vicinal dihalide as the product. The two halogens will be on the adjacent carbons.

Mainly Br2 and Cl2 undergo addition reaction with alkenes and the reaction is carried out in an inert solvent such as dichloromethane.

In general, the reaction can be shown as below.

When the bromine approaches the alkene, one bromine accepts the electrons from alkene and give them to the other bromine and a cyclic bromonium ion intermediate is formed.

The formed unstable intermediate reacts with Br- and the product is formed.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The products of the following reactions should be determined and if the products can exist as stereoisomers, it must be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Acid Catalysed addition of water: When water is added to alkene in the presence of an acid, the product formed will be an alcohol.

The electrophile H+ adds to the nucleophile alkene and a carbocation is formed. Then water adds to the carbocation and form a protonated alcohol and in the last step it loses a proton and final an alcohol is formed.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The products of the following reactions should be determined and if the products can exist as stereoisomers, it must be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Halogen addition to an alkene:

The addition reaction of halides to alkenes leads to the formation of vicinal dihalide as the product. The two halogens will be on the adjacent carbons.

Mainly Br2 and Cl2 undergo addition reaction with alkenes and the reaction is carried out in an inert solvent such as dichloromethane.

In general, the reaction can be shown as below.

When the bromine approaches the alkene, one bromine accepts the electrons from alkene and give them to the other bromine and a cyclic bromonium ion intermediate is formed.

The formed unstable intermediate reacts with Br- and the product is formed.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The products of the following reactions should be determined and if the products can exist as stereoisomers, it must be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Addition of a hydrogen halide to an alkene:

An alkyl halide is formed, if an hydrogen halide is used as an electrophile in the addition to alkene.

The H+ adds to one of the sp2 carbon and the nucleophile halide ion to other sp2 carbon

The general reaction is represented as:

Answer 6

Chapter 6, Problem 78P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The products of the following reactions should be determined and if the products can exist as stereoisomers, it must be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Halogen addition to an alkene:

The addition reaction of halides to alkenes leads to the formation of vicinal dihalide as the product. The two halogens will be on the adjacent carbons.

Mainly Br2 and Cl2 undergo addition reaction with alkenes and the reaction is carried out in an inert solvent such as dichloromethane.

In general, the reaction can be shown as below.

When the bromine approaches the alkene, one bromine accepts the electrons from alkene and give them to the other bromine and a cyclic bromonium ion intermediate is formed.

The formed unstable intermediate reacts with Br- and the product is formed.

Answer 7

Chapter 6, Problem 78P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The products of the following reactions should be determined and if the products can exist as stereoisomers, it must be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Halogen addition to an alkene:

The addition reaction of halides to alkenes leads to the formation of vicinal dihalide as the product. The two halogens will be on the adjacent carbons.

Mainly Br2 and Cl2 undergo addition reaction with alkenes and the reaction is carried out in an inert solvent such as dichloromethane.

In general, the reaction can be shown as below.

When the bromine approaches the alkene, one bromine accepts the electrons from alkene and give them to the other bromine and a cyclic bromonium ion intermediate is formed.

The formed unstable intermediate reacts with Br- and the product is formed.

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The products of the following reactions should be determined and if the products can exist as stereoisomers, it must be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Acid Catalysed addition of water: When water is added to alkene in the presence of an acid, the product formed will be an alcohol.

The electrophile H+ adds to the nucleophile alkene and a carbocation is formed. Then water adds to the carbocation and form a protonated alcohol and in the last step it loses a proton and final an alcohol is formed.

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The products of the following reactions should be determined and if the products can exist as stereoisomers, it must be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Acid Catalysed addition of water: When water is added to alkene in the presence of an acid, the product formed will be an alcohol.

The electrophile H+ adds to the nucleophile alkene and a carbocation is formed. Then water adds to the carbocation and form a protonated alcohol and in the last step it loses a proton and final an alcohol is formed.

Answer 10

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The products of the following reactions should be determined and if the products can exist as stereoisomers, it must be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Halogen addition to an alkene:

The addition reaction of halides to alkenes leads to the formation of vicinal dihalide as the product. The two halogens will be on the adjacent carbons.

Mainly Br2 and Cl2 undergo addition reaction with alkenes and the reaction is carried out in an inert solvent such as dichloromethane.

In general, the reaction can be shown as below.

When the bromine approaches the alkene, one bromine accepts the electrons from alkene and give them to the other bromine and a cyclic bromonium ion intermediate is formed.

The formed unstable intermediate reacts with Br- and the product is formed.

Answer 11

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The products of the following reactions should be determined and if the products can exist as stereoisomers, it must be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Halogen addition to an alkene:

The addition reaction of halides to alkenes leads to the formation of vicinal dihalide as the product. The two halogens will be on the adjacent carbons.

Mainly Br2 and Cl2 undergo addition reaction with alkenes and the reaction is carried out in an inert solvent such as dichloromethane.

In general, the reaction can be shown as below.

When the bromine approaches the alkene, one bromine accepts the electrons from alkene and give them to the other bromine and a cyclic bromonium ion intermediate is formed.

The formed unstable intermediate reacts with Br- and the product is formed.

Answer 12

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The products of the following reactions should be determined and if the products can exist as stereoisomers, it must be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Addition of a hydrogen halide to an alkene:

An alkyl halide is formed, if an hydrogen halide is used as an electrophile in the addition to alkene.

The H+ adds to one of the sp2 carbon and the nucleophile halide ion to other sp2 carbon

The general reaction is represented as:

Answer 13

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The products of the following reactions should be determined and if the products can exist as stereoisomers, it must be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Addition of a hydrogen halide to an alkene:

An alkyl halide is formed, if an hydrogen halide is used as an electrophile in the addition to alkene.

The H+ adds to one of the sp2 carbon and the nucleophile halide ion to other sp2 carbon

The general reaction is represented as:

Answer 14

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 15

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 16

Want to see the full answer?

Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Answer 17

Ch. 6.1 - Draw the mechanism for the reaction of cyclohexene...Ch. 6.2 - a. How many bond orbitals are avilable for...Ch. 6.2 - Prob. 3P Ch. 6.2 - Prob. 4P Ch. 6.3 - Prob. 5P Ch. 6.4 - Prob. 6P Ch. 6.4 - What alkene should be used to synthesize each of...Ch. 6.4 - Prob. 8P Ch. 6.5 - The pKa of a protonated alcohol is about 2.5, and...Ch. 6.5 - Prob. 10P

Solution Summary: The author describes the electrophilic addition of halogens to alkenes.

Want to see the full answer?

Chapter 6 Solutions