Principles of Chemistry: A Molecular Approach (3rd Edition)
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780321971944
Author: Nivaldo J. Tro
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 6, Problem 6E
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
The sign of internal energy change for the process in which system absorbs energy from surroundings is to be predicted.
Concept Introduction: The internal energy change is negative if the system involves release of energy and positive if it involves absorption of energy.
To determine: The sign of internal energy change for the given process.
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Using the bond energy values, calculate the energy that must be supplied or is released upon the polymerization of 755 monomers. If energy must be supplied, provide a positive number; if energy is released, provide a negative number. Hint: Avogadro’s number is 6.02 × 1023.
-AG|F=2E|V
3. Before proceeding with this problem you may want to glance at p. 466 of your textbook
where various oxo-phosphorus derivatives and their oxidation states are summarized.
Shown below are Latimer diagrams for phosphorus at pH values at 0 and 14:
Acidic solution
-0.93
+0.38
-0.51 -0.06
H3PO4 →H4P206 H3PO3 H3PO2 → P→ PH3
-0.28
-0.50
→
-0.50
Basic solution
3-1.12
-1.57
-2.05 -0.89
PO HPO →→H2PO2 P PH3
-1.73
a) Under acidic conditions, H3PO4 can be reduced into H3PO3 directly (-0.28V), or via the
formation and reduction of H4P2O6 (-0.93/+0.38V). Calculate the values of AG's for both
processes; comment.
(3 points)
0.5 PH,
0.0
-0.5-
2 3 9 3
-1.5
-2.0
Pa
H,PO
H,PO
H,PO
-3
-1 0
2
4
Oxidation state, N
2
b) Frost diagram for phosphorus under acidic
conditions is shown. Identify possible
disproportionation and comproportionation processes;
write out chemical equations describing them. (2 points)
c) Elemental phosphorus tends to disproportionate under basic conditions. Use data in…
These two reactions appear to start with the same starting materials but result in different products. How do the chemicals know which product to form? Are both products formed, or is there some information missing that will direct them a particular way?
Chapter 6 Solutions
Principles of Chemistry: A Molecular Approach (3rd Edition)
Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.1PCh. 6 - Prob. 6.2PCh. 6 - Prob. 6.2MPCh. 6 - Prob. 6.3PCh. 6 - Prob. 6.4PCh. 6 - Prob. 6.4MPCh. 6 - Prob. 6.5PCh. 6 - Prob. 6.5MPCh. 6 - Prob. 6.6PCh. 6 - Ammonia reacts with oxygen according to the...
Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.7MPCh. 6 - Prob. 6.8PCh. 6 - Prob. 6.9PCh. 6 - Prob. 6.9MPCh. 6 - Prob. 6.10PCh. 6 - Prob. 6.11PCh. 6 - Prob. 6.12PCh. 6 - Prob. 1SAQCh. 6 - Prob. 2SAQCh. 6 - Prob. 3SAQCh. 6 - Prob. 4SAQCh. 6 - Prob. 5SAQCh. 6 - Prob. 6SAQCh. 6 - Prob. 7SAQCh. 6 - Prob. 8SAQCh. 6 - Prob. 9SAQCh. 6 - Prob. 10SAQCh. 6 - Prob. 11SAQCh. 6 - Prob. 12SAQCh. 6 - Prob. 13SAQCh. 6 - Prob. 14SAQCh. 6 - Prob. 1ECh. 6 - Prob. 2ECh. 6 - Prob. 3ECh. 6 - Prob. 4ECh. 6 - Prob. 5ECh. 6 - Prob. 6ECh. 6 - Prob. 7ECh. 6 - Prob. 8ECh. 6 - Prob. 9ECh. 6 - Prob. 10ECh. 6 - Prob. 11ECh. 6 - Prob. 12ECh. 6 - Prob. 13ECh. 6 - Prob. 14ECh. 6 - Prob. 15ECh. 6 - Prob. 16ECh. 6 - Prob. 17ECh. 6 - Prob. 18ECh. 6 - Prob. 19ECh. 6 - Prob. 20ECh. 6 - Prob. 21ECh. 6 - Prob. 22ECh. 6 - Prob. 23ECh. 6 - 24. The change in internal energy for the...Ch. 6 - Prob. 25ECh. 6 - Prob. 26ECh. 6 - Prob. 27ECh. 6 - Prob. 28ECh. 6 - Prob. 29ECh. 6 - Prob. 30ECh. 6 - Prob. 31ECh. 6 - Prob. 32ECh. 6 - Prob. 33ECh. 6 - Prob. 34ECh. 6 - Prob. 35ECh. 6 - Prob. 36ECh. 6 - Prob. 37ECh. 6 - Prob. 38ECh. 6 - Prob. 39ECh. 6 - Prob. 40ECh. 6 - Prob. 41ECh. 6 - Prob. 42ECh. 6 - Prob. 43ECh. 6 - Prob. 44ECh. 6 - Prob. 45ECh. 6 - Prob. 46ECh. 6 - Prob. 47ECh. 6 - Prob. 48ECh. 6 - Prob. 49ECh. 6 - Prob. 50ECh. 6 - Prob. 51ECh. 6 - Write an equation for the formation of each...Ch. 6 - Prob. 53ECh. 6 - Prob. 54ECh. 6 - Use standard enthalpies of formation to calculate...Ch. 6 - Use standard enthalpies of formation to calculate...Ch. 6 - Prob. 57ECh. 6 - Prob. 58ECh. 6 - Prob. 59ECh. 6 - Prob. 60ECh. 6 - Prob. 61ECh. 6 - Prob. 62ECh. 6 - Prob. 63ECh. 6 - Prob. 64ECh. 6 - Use standard enthalpies of formation to calculate...Ch. 6 - Prob. 66ECh. 6 - Prob. 67ECh. 6 - Prob. 68ECh. 6 - Prob. 69ECh. 6 - Hydrogen and methanol have both been proposed as...Ch. 6 - Prob. 71ECh. 6 - Under certain nonstandard conditions, oxidatin by...Ch. 6 - Prob. 73ECh. 6 - Prob. 74ECh. 6 - Prob. 75ECh. 6 - Prob. 76ECh. 6 - Prob. 77ECh. 6 - Prob. 78ECh. 6 - 79. A typical frostless refrigerator uses 655 kWh...Ch. 6 - Prob. 80ECh. 6 - Prob. 81ECh. 6 - Prob. 82ECh. 6 - Prob. 83ECh. 6 - Prob. 84ECh. 6 - Prob. 85ECh. 6 - Prob. 86ECh. 6 - The heat of vaporization of water at 373 K is 40.7...Ch. 6 - Prob. 88ECh. 6 - Which statement is true of the internal energy of...Ch. 6 - Prob. 90ECh. 6 - Prob. 91ECh. 6 - Prob. 92ECh. 6 - Prob. 93ECh. 6 - Prob. 94ECh. 6 - Prob. 95ECh. 6 - Prob. 96ECh. 6 - Which statements if true of a reaction in which V...
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