The major product for the given reaction should be determined. Concept introduction: Nucleophile: Nucleophiles are electron rich compounds which donates electrons to electrophilic compounds which results in bond formation. Electrophile: Electrophiles are electron deficient compounds which accepts electrons from nucleophiles that results in bond formation. Electrophilic addition: It is a type of addition reaction in which the pi bond present in the molecule breaks as the electrophile approaches and results in the formation of product with sigma bond. Oxidation Reaction: It involves loss of electrons, addition of oxygen atoms or removal of hydrogen atoms. Reduction Reaction: It is just opposite of oxidation reaction which involves removal of oxygen atoms or addition of hydrogen atoms and addition of electrons. Carbocation: it is carbon ion that bears a positive charge on it. Carbocation stability order:

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Question

Chapter 6, Problem 66P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The major product for the given reaction should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Nucleophile: Nucleophiles are electron rich compounds which donates electrons to electrophilic compounds which results in bond formation.

Electrophile: Electrophiles are electron deficient compounds which accepts electrons from nucleophiles that results in bond formation.

Electrophilic addition: It is a type of addition reaction in which the pi bond present in the molecule breaks as the electrophile approaches and results in the formation of product with sigma bond.

Oxidation Reaction: It involves loss of electrons, addition of oxygen atoms or removal of hydrogen atoms.

Reduction Reaction: It is just opposite of oxidation reaction which involves removal of oxygen atoms or addition of hydrogen atoms and addition of electrons.

Carbocation: it is carbon ion that bears a positive charge on it.

Carbocation stability order:

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The major product for the given reaction should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Nucleophile: Nucleophiles are electron rich compounds which donates electrons to electrophilic compounds which results in bond formation.

Electrophile: Electrophiles are electron deficient compounds which accepts electrons from nucleophiles that results in bond formation.

Electrophilic addition: It is a type of addition reaction in which the pi bond present in the molecule breaks as the electrophile approaches and results in the formation of product with sigma bond.

Addition of halogen to an alkene: The addition of halogen to an alkene compound forms cyclic 3 membered intermediate as the first step which then the leads to the product formation. Example for this is as follows,

Oxidizing Reagents: The chemical agents used to add oxygen or remove hydrogen which finally reduced on oxidizing the other compound.

Carbocation: it is carbon ion that bears a positive charge on it.

Carbocation stability order:

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The major product for the given reaction should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Nucleophile: Nucleophiles are electron rich compounds which donates electrons to electrophilic compounds which results in bond formation.

Electrophile: Electrophiles are electron deficient compounds which accepts electrons from nucleophiles that results in bond formation.

Electrophilic addition: It is a type of addition reaction in which the pi bond present in the molecule breaks as the electrophile approaches and results in the formation of product with sigma bond.

Oxidation Reaction: It involves loss of electrons, addition of oxygen atoms or removal of hydrogen atoms.

Oxidizing Reagents: The chemical agents used to add oxygen or remove hydrogen which finally reduced on oxidizing the other compound.

Carbocation: it is carbon ion that bears a positive charge on it.

Carbocation stability order:

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The major product for the given reaction should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Nucleophile: Nucleophiles are electron rich compounds which donates electrons to electrophilic compounds which results in bond formation.

Electrophile: Electrophiles are electron deficient compounds which accepts electrons from nucleophiles that results in bond formation.

Electrophilic addition: It is a type of addition reaction in which the pi bond present in the molecule breaks as the electrophile approaches and results in the formation of product with sigma bond.

Oxidation Reaction: It involves loss of electrons, addition of oxygen atoms or removal of hydrogen atoms.

Acid Catalyzed Hydration Reaction: The reaction involves breaking of phi bonds between carbon-carbon multiple bonds and addition of alcohol to more substituted position of carbon in the molecule.

First step is the acid donates proton to the alkene which leads to the formation of more stable carbo cation.

Then, the water is added to the given alkene through acid catalyzed reaction where the water gets added to the carbo cation finally, the removal of one proton from oxonium ion (oxygen with one positive charge) using water results in the formation of product.

Carbocation: it is carbon ion that bears a positive charge on it.

Carbocation stability order:

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The major product for the given reaction should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Nucleophile: Nucleophiles are electron rich compounds which donates electrons to electrophilic compounds which results in bond formation.

Electrophile: Electrophiles are electron deficient compounds which accepts electrons from nucleophiles that results in bond formation.

Electrophilic addition: It is a type of addition reaction in which the pi bond present in the molecule breaks as the electrophile approaches and results in the formation of product with sigma bond.

Addition of halogen to an alkene: The addition of halogen to an alkene compound forms cyclic 3 membered intermediate as the first step which then the leads to the product formation. Example for this is as follows,

Oxidizing Reagents: The chemical agents used to add oxygen or remove hydrogen which finally reduced on oxidizing the other compound.

Carbocation: it is carbon ion that bears a positive charge on it.

Carbocation stability order:

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The major product for the given reaction should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Nucleophile: Nucleophiles are electron rich compounds which donates electrons to electrophilic compounds which results in bond formation.

Electrophile: Electrophiles are electron deficient compounds which accepts electrons from nucleophiles that results in bond formation.

Electrophilic addition: It is a type of addition reaction in which the pi bond present in the molecule breaks as the electrophile approaches and results in the formation of product with sigma bond.

Oxidation Reaction: It involves loss of electrons, addition of oxygen atoms or removal of hydrogen atoms.

Ozonolysis Reaction: It is an oxidative reaction which is used to oxidize the carbon-carbon double and triple bond.

Oxidizing Reagents: The chemical agents used to add oxygen or remove hydrogen which finally reduced on oxidizing the other compound.

Carbocation: it is carbon ion that bears a positive charge on it.

Carbocation stability order:

(g)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The major product for the given reaction should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Nucleophile: Nucleophiles are electron rich compounds which donates electrons to electrophilic compounds which results in bond formation.

Electrophile: Electrophiles are electron deficient compounds which accepts electrons from nucleophiles that results in bond formation.

Electrophilic addition: It is a type of addition reaction in which the pi bond present in the molecule breaks as the electrophile approaches and results in the formation of product with sigma bond.

Oxidation Reaction: It involves loss of electrons, addition of oxygen atoms or removal of hydrogen atoms.

Acid Catalyzed Hydration Reaction: The reaction involves breaking of phi bonds between carbon-carbon multiple bonds and addition of alcohol to more substituted position of carbon in the molecule.

First step is the acid donates proton to the alkene which leads to the formation of more stable carbo cation.

Then, the water is added to the given alkene through acid catalyzed reaction where the water gets added to the carbo cation finally, the removal of one proton from oxonium ion (oxygen with one positive charge) using water results in the formation of product.

Carbocation: it is carbon ion that bears a positive charge on it.

Carbocation stability order:

(h)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The major product for the given reaction should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Nucleophile: Nucleophiles are electron rich compounds which donates electrons to electrophilic compounds which results in bond formation.

Electrophile: Electrophiles are electron deficient compounds which accepts electrons from nucleophiles that results in bond formation.

Electrophilic addition: It is a type of addition reaction in which the pi bond present in the molecule breaks as the electrophile approaches and results in the formation of product with sigma bond.

Addition of halogen to an alkene: The addition of halogen to an alkene compound forms cyclic 3 membered intermediate as the first step which then the leads to the product formation. Example for this is as follows,

Oxidizing Reagents: The chemical agents used to add oxygen or remove hydrogen which finally reduced on oxidizing the other compound.

Carbocation: it is carbon ion that bears a positive charge on it.

Carbocation stability order:

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Transmitance 3. Which one of the following compounds corresponds to this IR spectrum? Point out the absorption band(s) that helped you decide. OH H3C OH H₂C CH3 H3C CH3 H3C INFRARED SPECTRUM 0.8- 0.6 0.4- 0.2 3000 2000 1000 Wavenumber (cm-1) 4. Consider this compound: H3C On the structure above, label the different types of H's as A, B, C, etc. In table form, list the labeled signals, and for each one state the number of hydrogens, their shifts, and the splitting you would observe for these hydrogens in the ¹H NMR spectrum. Label # of hydrogens splitting Shift (2)

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Answer 2

Question

Chapter 6, Problem 66P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The major product for the given reaction should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Nucleophile: Nucleophiles are electron rich compounds which donates electrons to electrophilic compounds which results in bond formation.

Electrophile: Electrophiles are electron deficient compounds which accepts electrons from nucleophiles that results in bond formation.

Electrophilic addition: It is a type of addition reaction in which the pi bond present in the molecule breaks as the electrophile approaches and results in the formation of product with sigma bond.

Oxidation Reaction: It involves loss of electrons, addition of oxygen atoms or removal of hydrogen atoms.

Reduction Reaction: It is just opposite of oxidation reaction which involves removal of oxygen atoms or addition of hydrogen atoms and addition of electrons.

Carbocation: it is carbon ion that bears a positive charge on it.

Carbocation stability order:

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The major product for the given reaction should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Nucleophile: Nucleophiles are electron rich compounds which donates electrons to electrophilic compounds which results in bond formation.

Electrophile: Electrophiles are electron deficient compounds which accepts electrons from nucleophiles that results in bond formation.

Electrophilic addition: It is a type of addition reaction in which the pi bond present in the molecule breaks as the electrophile approaches and results in the formation of product with sigma bond.

Addition of halogen to an alkene: The addition of halogen to an alkene compound forms cyclic 3 membered intermediate as the first step which then the leads to the product formation. Example for this is as follows,

Oxidizing Reagents: The chemical agents used to add oxygen or remove hydrogen which finally reduced on oxidizing the other compound.

Carbocation: it is carbon ion that bears a positive charge on it.

Carbocation stability order:

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The major product for the given reaction should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Nucleophile: Nucleophiles are electron rich compounds which donates electrons to electrophilic compounds which results in bond formation.

Electrophile: Electrophiles are electron deficient compounds which accepts electrons from nucleophiles that results in bond formation.

Electrophilic addition: It is a type of addition reaction in which the pi bond present in the molecule breaks as the electrophile approaches and results in the formation of product with sigma bond.

Oxidation Reaction: It involves loss of electrons, addition of oxygen atoms or removal of hydrogen atoms.

Oxidizing Reagents: The chemical agents used to add oxygen or remove hydrogen which finally reduced on oxidizing the other compound.

Carbocation: it is carbon ion that bears a positive charge on it.

Carbocation stability order:

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The major product for the given reaction should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Nucleophile: Nucleophiles are electron rich compounds which donates electrons to electrophilic compounds which results in bond formation.

Electrophile: Electrophiles are electron deficient compounds which accepts electrons from nucleophiles that results in bond formation.

Electrophilic addition: It is a type of addition reaction in which the pi bond present in the molecule breaks as the electrophile approaches and results in the formation of product with sigma bond.

Oxidation Reaction: It involves loss of electrons, addition of oxygen atoms or removal of hydrogen atoms.

Acid Catalyzed Hydration Reaction: The reaction involves breaking of phi bonds between carbon-carbon multiple bonds and addition of alcohol to more substituted position of carbon in the molecule.

First step is the acid donates proton to the alkene which leads to the formation of more stable carbo cation.

Then, the water is added to the given alkene through acid catalyzed reaction where the water gets added to the carbo cation finally, the removal of one proton from oxonium ion (oxygen with one positive charge) using water results in the formation of product.

Carbocation: it is carbon ion that bears a positive charge on it.

Carbocation stability order:

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The major product for the given reaction should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Nucleophile: Nucleophiles are electron rich compounds which donates electrons to electrophilic compounds which results in bond formation.

Electrophile: Electrophiles are electron deficient compounds which accepts electrons from nucleophiles that results in bond formation.

Electrophilic addition: It is a type of addition reaction in which the pi bond present in the molecule breaks as the electrophile approaches and results in the formation of product with sigma bond.

Addition of halogen to an alkene: The addition of halogen to an alkene compound forms cyclic 3 membered intermediate as the first step which then the leads to the product formation. Example for this is as follows,

Oxidizing Reagents: The chemical agents used to add oxygen or remove hydrogen which finally reduced on oxidizing the other compound.

Carbocation: it is carbon ion that bears a positive charge on it.

Carbocation stability order:

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The major product for the given reaction should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Nucleophile: Nucleophiles are electron rich compounds which donates electrons to electrophilic compounds which results in bond formation.

Electrophile: Electrophiles are electron deficient compounds which accepts electrons from nucleophiles that results in bond formation.

Electrophilic addition: It is a type of addition reaction in which the pi bond present in the molecule breaks as the electrophile approaches and results in the formation of product with sigma bond.

Oxidation Reaction: It involves loss of electrons, addition of oxygen atoms or removal of hydrogen atoms.

Ozonolysis Reaction: It is an oxidative reaction which is used to oxidize the carbon-carbon double and triple bond.

Oxidizing Reagents: The chemical agents used to add oxygen or remove hydrogen which finally reduced on oxidizing the other compound.

Carbocation: it is carbon ion that bears a positive charge on it.

Carbocation stability order:

(g)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The major product for the given reaction should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Nucleophile: Nucleophiles are electron rich compounds which donates electrons to electrophilic compounds which results in bond formation.

Electrophile: Electrophiles are electron deficient compounds which accepts electrons from nucleophiles that results in bond formation.

Electrophilic addition: It is a type of addition reaction in which the pi bond present in the molecule breaks as the electrophile approaches and results in the formation of product with sigma bond.

Oxidation Reaction: It involves loss of electrons, addition of oxygen atoms or removal of hydrogen atoms.

Acid Catalyzed Hydration Reaction: The reaction involves breaking of phi bonds between carbon-carbon multiple bonds and addition of alcohol to more substituted position of carbon in the molecule.

First step is the acid donates proton to the alkene which leads to the formation of more stable carbo cation.

Then, the water is added to the given alkene through acid catalyzed reaction where the water gets added to the carbo cation finally, the removal of one proton from oxonium ion (oxygen with one positive charge) using water results in the formation of product.

Carbocation: it is carbon ion that bears a positive charge on it.

Carbocation stability order:

(h)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The major product for the given reaction should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Nucleophile: Nucleophiles are electron rich compounds which donates electrons to electrophilic compounds which results in bond formation.

Electrophile: Electrophiles are electron deficient compounds which accepts electrons from nucleophiles that results in bond formation.

Electrophilic addition: It is a type of addition reaction in which the pi bond present in the molecule breaks as the electrophile approaches and results in the formation of product with sigma bond.

Addition of halogen to an alkene: The addition of halogen to an alkene compound forms cyclic 3 membered intermediate as the first step which then the leads to the product formation. Example for this is as follows,

Oxidizing Reagents: The chemical agents used to add oxygen or remove hydrogen which finally reduced on oxidizing the other compound.

Carbocation: it is carbon ion that bears a positive charge on it.

Carbocation stability order:

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 6, Problem 66P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The major product for the given reaction should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Nucleophile: Nucleophiles are electron rich compounds which donates electrons to electrophilic compounds which results in bond formation.

Electrophile: Electrophiles are electron deficient compounds which accepts electrons from nucleophiles that results in bond formation.

Electrophilic addition: It is a type of addition reaction in which the pi bond present in the molecule breaks as the electrophile approaches and results in the formation of product with sigma bond.

Oxidation Reaction: It involves loss of electrons, addition of oxygen atoms or removal of hydrogen atoms.

Reduction Reaction: It is just opposite of oxidation reaction which involves removal of oxygen atoms or addition of hydrogen atoms and addition of electrons.

Carbocation: it is carbon ion that bears a positive charge on it.

Carbocation stability order:

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The major product for the given reaction should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Nucleophile: Nucleophiles are electron rich compounds which donates electrons to electrophilic compounds which results in bond formation.

Electrophile: Electrophiles are electron deficient compounds which accepts electrons from nucleophiles that results in bond formation.

Electrophilic addition: It is a type of addition reaction in which the pi bond present in the molecule breaks as the electrophile approaches and results in the formation of product with sigma bond.

Addition of halogen to an alkene: The addition of halogen to an alkene compound forms cyclic 3 membered intermediate as the first step which then the leads to the product formation. Example for this is as follows,

Oxidizing Reagents: The chemical agents used to add oxygen or remove hydrogen which finally reduced on oxidizing the other compound.

Carbocation: it is carbon ion that bears a positive charge on it.

Carbocation stability order:

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The major product for the given reaction should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Nucleophile: Nucleophiles are electron rich compounds which donates electrons to electrophilic compounds which results in bond formation.

Electrophile: Electrophiles are electron deficient compounds which accepts electrons from nucleophiles that results in bond formation.

Electrophilic addition: It is a type of addition reaction in which the pi bond present in the molecule breaks as the electrophile approaches and results in the formation of product with sigma bond.

Oxidation Reaction: It involves loss of electrons, addition of oxygen atoms or removal of hydrogen atoms.

Oxidizing Reagents: The chemical agents used to add oxygen or remove hydrogen which finally reduced on oxidizing the other compound.

Carbocation: it is carbon ion that bears a positive charge on it.

Carbocation stability order:

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The major product for the given reaction should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Nucleophile: Nucleophiles are electron rich compounds which donates electrons to electrophilic compounds which results in bond formation.

Electrophile: Electrophiles are electron deficient compounds which accepts electrons from nucleophiles that results in bond formation.

Electrophilic addition: It is a type of addition reaction in which the pi bond present in the molecule breaks as the electrophile approaches and results in the formation of product with sigma bond.

Oxidation Reaction: It involves loss of electrons, addition of oxygen atoms or removal of hydrogen atoms.

Acid Catalyzed Hydration Reaction: The reaction involves breaking of phi bonds between carbon-carbon multiple bonds and addition of alcohol to more substituted position of carbon in the molecule.

First step is the acid donates proton to the alkene which leads to the formation of more stable carbo cation.

Then, the water is added to the given alkene through acid catalyzed reaction where the water gets added to the carbo cation finally, the removal of one proton from oxonium ion (oxygen with one positive charge) using water results in the formation of product.

Carbocation: it is carbon ion that bears a positive charge on it.

Carbocation stability order:

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The major product for the given reaction should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Nucleophile: Nucleophiles are electron rich compounds which donates electrons to electrophilic compounds which results in bond formation.

Electrophile: Electrophiles are electron deficient compounds which accepts electrons from nucleophiles that results in bond formation.

Electrophilic addition: It is a type of addition reaction in which the pi bond present in the molecule breaks as the electrophile approaches and results in the formation of product with sigma bond.

Addition of halogen to an alkene: The addition of halogen to an alkene compound forms cyclic 3 membered intermediate as the first step which then the leads to the product formation. Example for this is as follows,

Oxidizing Reagents: The chemical agents used to add oxygen or remove hydrogen which finally reduced on oxidizing the other compound.

Carbocation: it is carbon ion that bears a positive charge on it.

Carbocation stability order:

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The major product for the given reaction should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Nucleophile: Nucleophiles are electron rich compounds which donates electrons to electrophilic compounds which results in bond formation.

Electrophile: Electrophiles are electron deficient compounds which accepts electrons from nucleophiles that results in bond formation.

Electrophilic addition: It is a type of addition reaction in which the pi bond present in the molecule breaks as the electrophile approaches and results in the formation of product with sigma bond.

Oxidation Reaction: It involves loss of electrons, addition of oxygen atoms or removal of hydrogen atoms.

Ozonolysis Reaction: It is an oxidative reaction which is used to oxidize the carbon-carbon double and triple bond.

Oxidizing Reagents: The chemical agents used to add oxygen or remove hydrogen which finally reduced on oxidizing the other compound.

Carbocation: it is carbon ion that bears a positive charge on it.

Carbocation stability order:

(g)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The major product for the given reaction should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Nucleophile: Nucleophiles are electron rich compounds which donates electrons to electrophilic compounds which results in bond formation.

Electrophile: Electrophiles are electron deficient compounds which accepts electrons from nucleophiles that results in bond formation.

Electrophilic addition: It is a type of addition reaction in which the pi bond present in the molecule breaks as the electrophile approaches and results in the formation of product with sigma bond.

Oxidation Reaction: It involves loss of electrons, addition of oxygen atoms or removal of hydrogen atoms.

Acid Catalyzed Hydration Reaction: The reaction involves breaking of phi bonds between carbon-carbon multiple bonds and addition of alcohol to more substituted position of carbon in the molecule.

First step is the acid donates proton to the alkene which leads to the formation of more stable carbo cation.

Then, the water is added to the given alkene through acid catalyzed reaction where the water gets added to the carbo cation finally, the removal of one proton from oxonium ion (oxygen with one positive charge) using water results in the formation of product.

Carbocation: it is carbon ion that bears a positive charge on it.

Carbocation stability order:

(h)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The major product for the given reaction should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Nucleophile: Nucleophiles are electron rich compounds which donates electrons to electrophilic compounds which results in bond formation.

Electrophile: Electrophiles are electron deficient compounds which accepts electrons from nucleophiles that results in bond formation.

Electrophilic addition: It is a type of addition reaction in which the pi bond present in the molecule breaks as the electrophile approaches and results in the formation of product with sigma bond.

Addition of halogen to an alkene: The addition of halogen to an alkene compound forms cyclic 3 membered intermediate as the first step which then the leads to the product formation. Example for this is as follows,

Oxidizing Reagents: The chemical agents used to add oxygen or remove hydrogen which finally reduced on oxidizing the other compound.

Carbocation: it is carbon ion that bears a positive charge on it.

Carbocation stability order:

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See solution

Answer 4

Question

Chapter 6, Problem 66P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The major product for the given reaction should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Nucleophile: Nucleophiles are electron rich compounds which donates electrons to electrophilic compounds which results in bond formation.

Electrophile: Electrophiles are electron deficient compounds which accepts electrons from nucleophiles that results in bond formation.

Electrophilic addition: It is a type of addition reaction in which the pi bond present in the molecule breaks as the electrophile approaches and results in the formation of product with sigma bond.

Oxidation Reaction: It involves loss of electrons, addition of oxygen atoms or removal of hydrogen atoms.

Reduction Reaction: It is just opposite of oxidation reaction which involves removal of oxygen atoms or addition of hydrogen atoms and addition of electrons.

Carbocation: it is carbon ion that bears a positive charge on it.

Carbocation stability order:

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The major product for the given reaction should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Nucleophile: Nucleophiles are electron rich compounds which donates electrons to electrophilic compounds which results in bond formation.

Electrophile: Electrophiles are electron deficient compounds which accepts electrons from nucleophiles that results in bond formation.

Electrophilic addition: It is a type of addition reaction in which the pi bond present in the molecule breaks as the electrophile approaches and results in the formation of product with sigma bond.

Addition of halogen to an alkene: The addition of halogen to an alkene compound forms cyclic 3 membered intermediate as the first step which then the leads to the product formation. Example for this is as follows,

Oxidizing Reagents: The chemical agents used to add oxygen or remove hydrogen which finally reduced on oxidizing the other compound.

Carbocation: it is carbon ion that bears a positive charge on it.

Carbocation stability order:

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The major product for the given reaction should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Nucleophile: Nucleophiles are electron rich compounds which donates electrons to electrophilic compounds which results in bond formation.

Electrophile: Electrophiles are electron deficient compounds which accepts electrons from nucleophiles that results in bond formation.

Electrophilic addition: It is a type of addition reaction in which the pi bond present in the molecule breaks as the electrophile approaches and results in the formation of product with sigma bond.

Oxidation Reaction: It involves loss of electrons, addition of oxygen atoms or removal of hydrogen atoms.

Oxidizing Reagents: The chemical agents used to add oxygen or remove hydrogen which finally reduced on oxidizing the other compound.

Carbocation: it is carbon ion that bears a positive charge on it.

Carbocation stability order:

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The major product for the given reaction should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Nucleophile: Nucleophiles are electron rich compounds which donates electrons to electrophilic compounds which results in bond formation.

Electrophile: Electrophiles are electron deficient compounds which accepts electrons from nucleophiles that results in bond formation.

Electrophilic addition: It is a type of addition reaction in which the pi bond present in the molecule breaks as the electrophile approaches and results in the formation of product with sigma bond.

Oxidation Reaction: It involves loss of electrons, addition of oxygen atoms or removal of hydrogen atoms.

Acid Catalyzed Hydration Reaction: The reaction involves breaking of phi bonds between carbon-carbon multiple bonds and addition of alcohol to more substituted position of carbon in the molecule.

First step is the acid donates proton to the alkene which leads to the formation of more stable carbo cation.

Then, the water is added to the given alkene through acid catalyzed reaction where the water gets added to the carbo cation finally, the removal of one proton from oxonium ion (oxygen with one positive charge) using water results in the formation of product.

Carbocation: it is carbon ion that bears a positive charge on it.

Carbocation stability order:

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The major product for the given reaction should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Nucleophile: Nucleophiles are electron rich compounds which donates electrons to electrophilic compounds which results in bond formation.

Electrophile: Electrophiles are electron deficient compounds which accepts electrons from nucleophiles that results in bond formation.

Electrophilic addition: It is a type of addition reaction in which the pi bond present in the molecule breaks as the electrophile approaches and results in the formation of product with sigma bond.

Addition of halogen to an alkene: The addition of halogen to an alkene compound forms cyclic 3 membered intermediate as the first step which then the leads to the product formation. Example for this is as follows,

Oxidizing Reagents: The chemical agents used to add oxygen or remove hydrogen which finally reduced on oxidizing the other compound.

Carbocation: it is carbon ion that bears a positive charge on it.

Carbocation stability order:

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The major product for the given reaction should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Nucleophile: Nucleophiles are electron rich compounds which donates electrons to electrophilic compounds which results in bond formation.

Electrophile: Electrophiles are electron deficient compounds which accepts electrons from nucleophiles that results in bond formation.

Electrophilic addition: It is a type of addition reaction in which the pi bond present in the molecule breaks as the electrophile approaches and results in the formation of product with sigma bond.

Oxidation Reaction: It involves loss of electrons, addition of oxygen atoms or removal of hydrogen atoms.

Ozonolysis Reaction: It is an oxidative reaction which is used to oxidize the carbon-carbon double and triple bond.

Oxidizing Reagents: The chemical agents used to add oxygen or remove hydrogen which finally reduced on oxidizing the other compound.

Carbocation: it is carbon ion that bears a positive charge on it.

Carbocation stability order:

(g)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The major product for the given reaction should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Nucleophile: Nucleophiles are electron rich compounds which donates electrons to electrophilic compounds which results in bond formation.

Electrophile: Electrophiles are electron deficient compounds which accepts electrons from nucleophiles that results in bond formation.

Electrophilic addition: It is a type of addition reaction in which the pi bond present in the molecule breaks as the electrophile approaches and results in the formation of product with sigma bond.

Oxidation Reaction: It involves loss of electrons, addition of oxygen atoms or removal of hydrogen atoms.

Acid Catalyzed Hydration Reaction: The reaction involves breaking of phi bonds between carbon-carbon multiple bonds and addition of alcohol to more substituted position of carbon in the molecule.

First step is the acid donates proton to the alkene which leads to the formation of more stable carbo cation.

Then, the water is added to the given alkene through acid catalyzed reaction where the water gets added to the carbo cation finally, the removal of one proton from oxonium ion (oxygen with one positive charge) using water results in the formation of product.

Carbocation: it is carbon ion that bears a positive charge on it.

Carbocation stability order:

(h)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The major product for the given reaction should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Nucleophile: Nucleophiles are electron rich compounds which donates electrons to electrophilic compounds which results in bond formation.

Electrophile: Electrophiles are electron deficient compounds which accepts electrons from nucleophiles that results in bond formation.

Electrophilic addition: It is a type of addition reaction in which the pi bond present in the molecule breaks as the electrophile approaches and results in the formation of product with sigma bond.

Addition of halogen to an alkene: The addition of halogen to an alkene compound forms cyclic 3 membered intermediate as the first step which then the leads to the product formation. Example for this is as follows,

Oxidizing Reagents: The chemical agents used to add oxygen or remove hydrogen which finally reduced on oxidizing the other compound.

Carbocation: it is carbon ion that bears a positive charge on it.

Carbocation stability order:

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Answer 5

Chapter 6, Problem 66P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The major product for the given reaction should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Nucleophile: Nucleophiles are electron rich compounds which donates electrons to electrophilic compounds which results in bond formation.

Electrophile: Electrophiles are electron deficient compounds which accepts electrons from nucleophiles that results in bond formation.

Electrophilic addition: It is a type of addition reaction in which the pi bond present in the molecule breaks as the electrophile approaches and results in the formation of product with sigma bond.

Oxidation Reaction: It involves loss of electrons, addition of oxygen atoms or removal of hydrogen atoms.

Reduction Reaction: It is just opposite of oxidation reaction which involves removal of oxygen atoms or addition of hydrogen atoms and addition of electrons.

Carbocation: it is carbon ion that bears a positive charge on it.

Carbocation stability order:

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The major product for the given reaction should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Nucleophile: Nucleophiles are electron rich compounds which donates electrons to electrophilic compounds which results in bond formation.

Electrophile: Electrophiles are electron deficient compounds which accepts electrons from nucleophiles that results in bond formation.

Electrophilic addition: It is a type of addition reaction in which the pi bond present in the molecule breaks as the electrophile approaches and results in the formation of product with sigma bond.

Addition of halogen to an alkene: The addition of halogen to an alkene compound forms cyclic 3 membered intermediate as the first step which then the leads to the product formation. Example for this is as follows,

Oxidizing Reagents: The chemical agents used to add oxygen or remove hydrogen which finally reduced on oxidizing the other compound.

Carbocation: it is carbon ion that bears a positive charge on it.

Carbocation stability order:

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The major product for the given reaction should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Nucleophile: Nucleophiles are electron rich compounds which donates electrons to electrophilic compounds which results in bond formation.

Electrophile: Electrophiles are electron deficient compounds which accepts electrons from nucleophiles that results in bond formation.

Electrophilic addition: It is a type of addition reaction in which the pi bond present in the molecule breaks as the electrophile approaches and results in the formation of product with sigma bond.

Oxidation Reaction: It involves loss of electrons, addition of oxygen atoms or removal of hydrogen atoms.

Oxidizing Reagents: The chemical agents used to add oxygen or remove hydrogen which finally reduced on oxidizing the other compound.

Carbocation: it is carbon ion that bears a positive charge on it.

Carbocation stability order:

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The major product for the given reaction should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Nucleophile: Nucleophiles are electron rich compounds which donates electrons to electrophilic compounds which results in bond formation.

Electrophile: Electrophiles are electron deficient compounds which accepts electrons from nucleophiles that results in bond formation.

Electrophilic addition: It is a type of addition reaction in which the pi bond present in the molecule breaks as the electrophile approaches and results in the formation of product with sigma bond.

Oxidation Reaction: It involves loss of electrons, addition of oxygen atoms or removal of hydrogen atoms.

Acid Catalyzed Hydration Reaction: The reaction involves breaking of phi bonds between carbon-carbon multiple bonds and addition of alcohol to more substituted position of carbon in the molecule.

First step is the acid donates proton to the alkene which leads to the formation of more stable carbo cation.

Then, the water is added to the given alkene through acid catalyzed reaction where the water gets added to the carbo cation finally, the removal of one proton from oxonium ion (oxygen with one positive charge) using water results in the formation of product.

Carbocation: it is carbon ion that bears a positive charge on it.

Carbocation stability order:

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The major product for the given reaction should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Nucleophile: Nucleophiles are electron rich compounds which donates electrons to electrophilic compounds which results in bond formation.

Electrophile: Electrophiles are electron deficient compounds which accepts electrons from nucleophiles that results in bond formation.

Electrophilic addition: It is a type of addition reaction in which the pi bond present in the molecule breaks as the electrophile approaches and results in the formation of product with sigma bond.

Addition of halogen to an alkene: The addition of halogen to an alkene compound forms cyclic 3 membered intermediate as the first step which then the leads to the product formation. Example for this is as follows,

Oxidizing Reagents: The chemical agents used to add oxygen or remove hydrogen which finally reduced on oxidizing the other compound.

Carbocation: it is carbon ion that bears a positive charge on it.

Carbocation stability order:

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The major product for the given reaction should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Nucleophile: Nucleophiles are electron rich compounds which donates electrons to electrophilic compounds which results in bond formation.

Electrophile: Electrophiles are electron deficient compounds which accepts electrons from nucleophiles that results in bond formation.

Electrophilic addition: It is a type of addition reaction in which the pi bond present in the molecule breaks as the electrophile approaches and results in the formation of product with sigma bond.

Oxidation Reaction: It involves loss of electrons, addition of oxygen atoms or removal of hydrogen atoms.

Ozonolysis Reaction: It is an oxidative reaction which is used to oxidize the carbon-carbon double and triple bond.

Oxidizing Reagents: The chemical agents used to add oxygen or remove hydrogen which finally reduced on oxidizing the other compound.

Carbocation: it is carbon ion that bears a positive charge on it.

Carbocation stability order:

(g)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The major product for the given reaction should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Nucleophile: Nucleophiles are electron rich compounds which donates electrons to electrophilic compounds which results in bond formation.

Electrophile: Electrophiles are electron deficient compounds which accepts electrons from nucleophiles that results in bond formation.

Electrophilic addition: It is a type of addition reaction in which the pi bond present in the molecule breaks as the electrophile approaches and results in the formation of product with sigma bond.

Oxidation Reaction: It involves loss of electrons, addition of oxygen atoms or removal of hydrogen atoms.

Acid Catalyzed Hydration Reaction: The reaction involves breaking of phi bonds between carbon-carbon multiple bonds and addition of alcohol to more substituted position of carbon in the molecule.

First step is the acid donates proton to the alkene which leads to the formation of more stable carbo cation.

Then, the water is added to the given alkene through acid catalyzed reaction where the water gets added to the carbo cation finally, the removal of one proton from oxonium ion (oxygen with one positive charge) using water results in the formation of product.

Carbocation: it is carbon ion that bears a positive charge on it.

Carbocation stability order:

(h)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The major product for the given reaction should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Nucleophile: Nucleophiles are electron rich compounds which donates electrons to electrophilic compounds which results in bond formation.

Electrophile: Electrophiles are electron deficient compounds which accepts electrons from nucleophiles that results in bond formation.

Electrophilic addition: It is a type of addition reaction in which the pi bond present in the molecule breaks as the electrophile approaches and results in the formation of product with sigma bond.

Addition of halogen to an alkene: The addition of halogen to an alkene compound forms cyclic 3 membered intermediate as the first step which then the leads to the product formation. Example for this is as follows,

Oxidizing Reagents: The chemical agents used to add oxygen or remove hydrogen which finally reduced on oxidizing the other compound.

Carbocation: it is carbon ion that bears a positive charge on it.

Carbocation stability order:

Answer 6

Chapter 6, Problem 66P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The major product for the given reaction should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Nucleophile: Nucleophiles are electron rich compounds which donates electrons to electrophilic compounds which results in bond formation.

Electrophile: Electrophiles are electron deficient compounds which accepts electrons from nucleophiles that results in bond formation.

Electrophilic addition: It is a type of addition reaction in which the pi bond present in the molecule breaks as the electrophile approaches and results in the formation of product with sigma bond.

Oxidation Reaction: It involves loss of electrons, addition of oxygen atoms or removal of hydrogen atoms.

Reduction Reaction: It is just opposite of oxidation reaction which involves removal of oxygen atoms or addition of hydrogen atoms and addition of electrons.

Carbocation: it is carbon ion that bears a positive charge on it.

Carbocation stability order:

Answer 7

Chapter 6, Problem 66P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The major product for the given reaction should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Nucleophile: Nucleophiles are electron rich compounds which donates electrons to electrophilic compounds which results in bond formation.

Electrophile: Electrophiles are electron deficient compounds which accepts electrons from nucleophiles that results in bond formation.

Electrophilic addition: It is a type of addition reaction in which the pi bond present in the molecule breaks as the electrophile approaches and results in the formation of product with sigma bond.

Oxidation Reaction: It involves loss of electrons, addition of oxygen atoms or removal of hydrogen atoms.

Reduction Reaction: It is just opposite of oxidation reaction which involves removal of oxygen atoms or addition of hydrogen atoms and addition of electrons.

Carbocation: it is carbon ion that bears a positive charge on it.

Carbocation stability order:

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The major product for the given reaction should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Nucleophile: Nucleophiles are electron rich compounds which donates electrons to electrophilic compounds which results in bond formation.

Electrophile: Electrophiles are electron deficient compounds which accepts electrons from nucleophiles that results in bond formation.

Electrophilic addition: It is a type of addition reaction in which the pi bond present in the molecule breaks as the electrophile approaches and results in the formation of product with sigma bond.

Addition of halogen to an alkene: The addition of halogen to an alkene compound forms cyclic 3 membered intermediate as the first step which then the leads to the product formation. Example for this is as follows,

Oxidizing Reagents: The chemical agents used to add oxygen or remove hydrogen which finally reduced on oxidizing the other compound.

Carbocation: it is carbon ion that bears a positive charge on it.

Carbocation stability order:

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The major product for the given reaction should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Nucleophile: Nucleophiles are electron rich compounds which donates electrons to electrophilic compounds which results in bond formation.

Electrophile: Electrophiles are electron deficient compounds which accepts electrons from nucleophiles that results in bond formation.

Electrophilic addition: It is a type of addition reaction in which the pi bond present in the molecule breaks as the electrophile approaches and results in the formation of product with sigma bond.

Addition of halogen to an alkene: The addition of halogen to an alkene compound forms cyclic 3 membered intermediate as the first step which then the leads to the product formation. Example for this is as follows,

Oxidizing Reagents: The chemical agents used to add oxygen or remove hydrogen which finally reduced on oxidizing the other compound.

Carbocation: it is carbon ion that bears a positive charge on it.

Carbocation stability order:

Answer 10

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The major product for the given reaction should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Nucleophile: Nucleophiles are electron rich compounds which donates electrons to electrophilic compounds which results in bond formation.

Electrophile: Electrophiles are electron deficient compounds which accepts electrons from nucleophiles that results in bond formation.

Electrophilic addition: It is a type of addition reaction in which the pi bond present in the molecule breaks as the electrophile approaches and results in the formation of product with sigma bond.

Oxidation Reaction: It involves loss of electrons, addition of oxygen atoms or removal of hydrogen atoms.

Oxidizing Reagents: The chemical agents used to add oxygen or remove hydrogen which finally reduced on oxidizing the other compound.

Carbocation: it is carbon ion that bears a positive charge on it.

Carbocation stability order:

Answer 11

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The major product for the given reaction should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Nucleophile: Nucleophiles are electron rich compounds which donates electrons to electrophilic compounds which results in bond formation.

Electrophile: Electrophiles are electron deficient compounds which accepts electrons from nucleophiles that results in bond formation.

Electrophilic addition: It is a type of addition reaction in which the pi bond present in the molecule breaks as the electrophile approaches and results in the formation of product with sigma bond.

Oxidation Reaction: It involves loss of electrons, addition of oxygen atoms or removal of hydrogen atoms.

Oxidizing Reagents: The chemical agents used to add oxygen or remove hydrogen which finally reduced on oxidizing the other compound.

Carbocation: it is carbon ion that bears a positive charge on it.

Carbocation stability order:

Answer 12

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The major product for the given reaction should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Nucleophile: Nucleophiles are electron rich compounds which donates electrons to electrophilic compounds which results in bond formation.

Electrophile: Electrophiles are electron deficient compounds which accepts electrons from nucleophiles that results in bond formation.

Electrophilic addition: It is a type of addition reaction in which the pi bond present in the molecule breaks as the electrophile approaches and results in the formation of product with sigma bond.

Oxidation Reaction: It involves loss of electrons, addition of oxygen atoms or removal of hydrogen atoms.

Acid Catalyzed Hydration Reaction: The reaction involves breaking of phi bonds between carbon-carbon multiple bonds and addition of alcohol to more substituted position of carbon in the molecule.

First step is the acid donates proton to the alkene which leads to the formation of more stable carbo cation.

Then, the water is added to the given alkene through acid catalyzed reaction where the water gets added to the carbo cation finally, the removal of one proton from oxonium ion (oxygen with one positive charge) using water results in the formation of product.

Carbocation: it is carbon ion that bears a positive charge on it.

Carbocation stability order:

Answer 13

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The major product for the given reaction should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Nucleophile: Nucleophiles are electron rich compounds which donates electrons to electrophilic compounds which results in bond formation.

Electrophile: Electrophiles are electron deficient compounds which accepts electrons from nucleophiles that results in bond formation.

Electrophilic addition: It is a type of addition reaction in which the pi bond present in the molecule breaks as the electrophile approaches and results in the formation of product with sigma bond.

Oxidation Reaction: It involves loss of electrons, addition of oxygen atoms or removal of hydrogen atoms.

Acid Catalyzed Hydration Reaction: The reaction involves breaking of phi bonds between carbon-carbon multiple bonds and addition of alcohol to more substituted position of carbon in the molecule.

First step is the acid donates proton to the alkene which leads to the formation of more stable carbo cation.

Then, the water is added to the given alkene through acid catalyzed reaction where the water gets added to the carbo cation finally, the removal of one proton from oxonium ion (oxygen with one positive charge) using water results in the formation of product.

Carbocation: it is carbon ion that bears a positive charge on it.

Carbocation stability order:

Answer 14

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The major product for the given reaction should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Nucleophile: Nucleophiles are electron rich compounds which donates electrons to electrophilic compounds which results in bond formation.

Electrophile: Electrophiles are electron deficient compounds which accepts electrons from nucleophiles that results in bond formation.

Electrophilic addition: It is a type of addition reaction in which the pi bond present in the molecule breaks as the electrophile approaches and results in the formation of product with sigma bond.

Addition of halogen to an alkene: The addition of halogen to an alkene compound forms cyclic 3 membered intermediate as the first step which then the leads to the product formation. Example for this is as follows,

Oxidizing Reagents: The chemical agents used to add oxygen or remove hydrogen which finally reduced on oxidizing the other compound.

Carbocation: it is carbon ion that bears a positive charge on it.

Carbocation stability order:

Answer 15

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The major product for the given reaction should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Nucleophile: Nucleophiles are electron rich compounds which donates electrons to electrophilic compounds which results in bond formation.

Electrophile: Electrophiles are electron deficient compounds which accepts electrons from nucleophiles that results in bond formation.

Electrophilic addition: It is a type of addition reaction in which the pi bond present in the molecule breaks as the electrophile approaches and results in the formation of product with sigma bond.

Addition of halogen to an alkene: The addition of halogen to an alkene compound forms cyclic 3 membered intermediate as the first step which then the leads to the product formation. Example for this is as follows,

Oxidizing Reagents: The chemical agents used to add oxygen or remove hydrogen which finally reduced on oxidizing the other compound.

Carbocation: it is carbon ion that bears a positive charge on it.

Carbocation stability order:

Answer 16

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The major product for the given reaction should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Nucleophile: Nucleophiles are electron rich compounds which donates electrons to electrophilic compounds which results in bond formation.

Electrophile: Electrophiles are electron deficient compounds which accepts electrons from nucleophiles that results in bond formation.

Electrophilic addition: It is a type of addition reaction in which the pi bond present in the molecule breaks as the electrophile approaches and results in the formation of product with sigma bond.

Oxidation Reaction: It involves loss of electrons, addition of oxygen atoms or removal of hydrogen atoms.

Ozonolysis Reaction: It is an oxidative reaction which is used to oxidize the carbon-carbon double and triple bond.

Oxidizing Reagents: The chemical agents used to add oxygen or remove hydrogen which finally reduced on oxidizing the other compound.

Carbocation: it is carbon ion that bears a positive charge on it.

Carbocation stability order:

Answer 17

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The major product for the given reaction should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Nucleophile: Nucleophiles are electron rich compounds which donates electrons to electrophilic compounds which results in bond formation.

Electrophile: Electrophiles are electron deficient compounds which accepts electrons from nucleophiles that results in bond formation.

Electrophilic addition: It is a type of addition reaction in which the pi bond present in the molecule breaks as the electrophile approaches and results in the formation of product with sigma bond.

Oxidation Reaction: It involves loss of electrons, addition of oxygen atoms or removal of hydrogen atoms.

Ozonolysis Reaction: It is an oxidative reaction which is used to oxidize the carbon-carbon double and triple bond.

Oxidizing Reagents: The chemical agents used to add oxygen or remove hydrogen which finally reduced on oxidizing the other compound.

Carbocation: it is carbon ion that bears a positive charge on it.

Carbocation stability order:

Answer 18

(g)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The major product for the given reaction should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Nucleophile: Nucleophiles are electron rich compounds which donates electrons to electrophilic compounds which results in bond formation.

Electrophile: Electrophiles are electron deficient compounds which accepts electrons from nucleophiles that results in bond formation.

Electrophilic addition: It is a type of addition reaction in which the pi bond present in the molecule breaks as the electrophile approaches and results in the formation of product with sigma bond.

Oxidation Reaction: It involves loss of electrons, addition of oxygen atoms or removal of hydrogen atoms.

Acid Catalyzed Hydration Reaction: The reaction involves breaking of phi bonds between carbon-carbon multiple bonds and addition of alcohol to more substituted position of carbon in the molecule.

First step is the acid donates proton to the alkene which leads to the formation of more stable carbo cation.

Then, the water is added to the given alkene through acid catalyzed reaction where the water gets added to the carbo cation finally, the removal of one proton from oxonium ion (oxygen with one positive charge) using water results in the formation of product.

Carbocation: it is carbon ion that bears a positive charge on it.

Carbocation stability order:

Answer 19

(g)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The major product for the given reaction should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Nucleophile: Nucleophiles are electron rich compounds which donates electrons to electrophilic compounds which results in bond formation.

Electrophile: Electrophiles are electron deficient compounds which accepts electrons from nucleophiles that results in bond formation.

Electrophilic addition: It is a type of addition reaction in which the pi bond present in the molecule breaks as the electrophile approaches and results in the formation of product with sigma bond.

Oxidation Reaction: It involves loss of electrons, addition of oxygen atoms or removal of hydrogen atoms.

Acid Catalyzed Hydration Reaction: The reaction involves breaking of phi bonds between carbon-carbon multiple bonds and addition of alcohol to more substituted position of carbon in the molecule.

First step is the acid donates proton to the alkene which leads to the formation of more stable carbo cation.

Then, the water is added to the given alkene through acid catalyzed reaction where the water gets added to the carbo cation finally, the removal of one proton from oxonium ion (oxygen with one positive charge) using water results in the formation of product.

Carbocation: it is carbon ion that bears a positive charge on it.

Carbocation stability order:

Answer 20

(h)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The major product for the given reaction should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Nucleophile: Nucleophiles are electron rich compounds which donates electrons to electrophilic compounds which results in bond formation.

Electrophile: Electrophiles are electron deficient compounds which accepts electrons from nucleophiles that results in bond formation.

Electrophilic addition: It is a type of addition reaction in which the pi bond present in the molecule breaks as the electrophile approaches and results in the formation of product with sigma bond.

Addition of halogen to an alkene: The addition of halogen to an alkene compound forms cyclic 3 membered intermediate as the first step which then the leads to the product formation. Example for this is as follows,

Oxidizing Reagents: The chemical agents used to add oxygen or remove hydrogen which finally reduced on oxidizing the other compound.

Carbocation: it is carbon ion that bears a positive charge on it.

Carbocation stability order:

Answer 21

(h)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The major product for the given reaction should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Nucleophile: Nucleophiles are electron rich compounds which donates electrons to electrophilic compounds which results in bond formation.

Electrophile: Electrophiles are electron deficient compounds which accepts electrons from nucleophiles that results in bond formation.

Electrophilic addition: It is a type of addition reaction in which the pi bond present in the molecule breaks as the electrophile approaches and results in the formation of product with sigma bond.

Addition of halogen to an alkene: The addition of halogen to an alkene compound forms cyclic 3 membered intermediate as the first step which then the leads to the product formation. Example for this is as follows,

Oxidizing Reagents: The chemical agents used to add oxygen or remove hydrogen which finally reduced on oxidizing the other compound.

Carbocation: it is carbon ion that bears a positive charge on it.

Carbocation stability order:

Answer 22

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 23

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 24

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Answer 25

Ch. 6.1 - Draw the mechanism for the reaction of cyclohexene...Ch. 6.2 - a. How many bond orbitals are avilable for...Ch. 6.2 - Prob. 3P Ch. 6.2 - Prob. 4P Ch. 6.3 - Prob. 5P Ch. 6.4 - Prob. 6P Ch. 6.4 - Prob. 7P Ch. 6.4 - What alkene should be used to synthesize each of...Ch. 6.5 - The pKa of a protonated alcohol is about 2.5, and...Ch. 6.5 - Prob. 10P

Solution Summary: The author explains that the major product for the given reaction should be determined. Nucleophiles are electron rich compounds which donate electrons to electrophilic compounds.

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Chapter 6 Solutions