Chapter 6, Problem 6.62P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Based on charge stability, the species A-G are to be ranked from the weakest base to the strongest base.

Concept introduction:

A negatively charged species is less stable than an uncharged species; hence a negatively charged species is more basic. A negative charge is more stable on a more electronegative atom; a positive charge is more stable on a less electronegative atom. Stability of species increases as the number of atoms on which a charge is shared increases. Electron-withdrawing groups stabilize the nearby negative charges but destabilize the nearby positive charges. Electron-donating groups stabilize the nearby positive charge but destabilize the nearby negative charges.