The role of high-energy X-rays in the fluorescence process has to be explained. Concept introduction: X-ray fluorescence (XRF) is an analysis technique which is based on the principle that when atoms are excited by an energy source, they emit characteristic X-ray photons. X-rays are energetic enough to remove the electrons held tightly in the inner orbitals of the atoms. Fluorescence is a phenomenon which involves the absorption of a radiation of specific energy and re-emission of a radiation usually of lower energy.

Question

Identify the missing starting materials/ reagents/ products in the following reactions. Show the stereochemistry clearly in the structures, if any. If there is a major product, draw the structures of the major product with stereochemistry clearly indicated where applicable. Show only the diastereomers (you do not have to draw the pairs of enantiomers). If you believe that multiple products are formed in approximately equal amounts (hence neither is the major product), draw the structures of the products, and show the detailed mechanism of these reactions to justify the formation of the multiple products. If you believe no product is formed, explain why briefly. (6 mark for each, except f and g, which are 10 mark each)

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 6, Problem 6.4PAE

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The role of high-energy X-rays in the fluorescence process has to be explained.

Concept introduction:

X-ray fluorescence (XRF) is an analysis technique which is based on the principle that when atoms are excited by an energy source, they emit characteristic X-ray photons.

X-rays are energetic enough to remove the electrons held tightly in the inner orbitals of the atoms.

Fluorescence is a phenomenon which involves the absorption of a radiation of specific energy and re-emission of a radiation usually of lower energy.

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Identify the missing starting materials/ reagents/ products in the following reactions. Show the stereochemistry clearly in the structures, if any. If there is a major product, draw the structures of the major product with stereochemistry clearly indicated where applicable. Show only the diastereomers (you do not have to draw the pairs of enantiomers). If you believe that multiple products are formed in approximately equal amounts (hence neither is the major product), draw the structures of the products, and show the detailed mechanism of these reactions to justify the formation of the multiple products. If you believe no product is formed, explain why briefly. (6 mark for each, except f and g, which are 10 mark each)

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