Chemistry for Engineering Students
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9781285199023
Author: Lawrence S. Brown, Tom Holme
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 6, Problem 6.3PAE
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation: The information used to determine the relative amounts of different elements in analysis by atomic absorption spectroscopy has to be written.
Concept introduction:
- Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) is a spectroanalytical process which is based on the principle of absorption of light by atoms in their gaseous state.
- It measures the amount of energy absorbed by a sample, specifically, the
wavelength of the light transmitted by the sample.
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Students have asked these similar questions
-AG|F=2E|V
3. Before proceeding with this problem you may want to glance at p. 466 of your textbook
where various oxo-phosphorus derivatives and their oxidation states are summarized.
Shown below are Latimer diagrams for phosphorus at pH values at 0 and 14:
Acidic solution
-0.93
+0.38
-0.51 -0.06
H3PO4 →H4P206 H3PO3 H3PO2 → P→ PH3
-0.28
-0.50
→
-0.50
Basic solution
3-1.12
-1.57
-2.05 -0.89
PO HPO →→H2PO2 P PH3
-1.73
a) Under acidic conditions, H3PO4 can be reduced into H3PO3 directly (-0.28V), or via the
formation and reduction of H4P2O6 (-0.93/+0.38V). Calculate the values of AG's for both
processes; comment.
(3 points)
0.5 PH,
0.0
-0.5-
2 3 9 3
-1.5
-2.0
Pa
H,PO
H,PO
H,PO
-3
-1 0
2
4
Oxidation state, N
2
b) Frost diagram for phosphorus under acidic
conditions is shown. Identify possible
disproportionation and comproportionation processes;
write out chemical equations describing them. (2 points)
c) Elemental phosphorus tends to disproportionate under basic conditions. Use data in…
These two reactions appear to start with the same starting materials but result in different products. How do the chemicals know which product to form? Are both products formed, or is there some information missing that will direct them a particular way?
What would be the best choices for the missing reagents 1 and 3 in this synthesis?
1. PPh3
3
1
2
2. n-BuLi
• Draw the missing reagents in the drawing area below. You can draw them in any arrangement you like.
• Do not draw the missing reagent 2. If you draw 1 correctly, we'll know what it is.
• Note: if one of your reagents needs to contain a halogen, use bromine.
Explanation
Check
Click and drag to start drawing a structure.
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Chapter 6 Solutions
Chemistry for Engineering Students
Ch. 6 - describe trace analysis and explain its role in...Ch. 6 - describe waves in terms of frequency, wavelength,...Ch. 6 - Prob. 3COCh. 6 - relate the frequency, wavelength, and amplitude of...Ch. 6 - describe the photoelectric effect by stating what...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6COCh. 6 - • use Planck’s equation to calculate the energy of...Ch. 6 - Prob. 8COCh. 6 - Prob. 9COCh. 6 - • describe similarities and differences between...
Ch. 6 - Prob. 11COCh. 6 - Prob. 12COCh. 6 - • identify an orbital (as 1s, 3p, etc.) from its...Ch. 6 - • list the number of orbitals of each type (1s,...Ch. 6 - • sketch the shapes of s and p orbitals and...Ch. 6 - • rank various orbitals in terms of size and...Ch. 6 - Prob. 17COCh. 6 - Prob. 18COCh. 6 - Prob. 19COCh. 6 - Prob. 20COCh. 6 - Prob. 6.1PAECh. 6 - 6.2 Unlike XRF, AAS cannot be used for...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.3PAECh. 6 - Prob. 6.4PAECh. 6 - Prob. 6.5PAECh. 6 - Prob. 6.6PAECh. 6 - Explain why light is referred to as...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.8PAECh. 6 - 6.7 Arrange the following regions of the...Ch. 6 - 6.8 Calculate the wavelength in meters, of...Ch. 6 - 6.9 If a string of decorative lights includes...Ch. 6 - 6.10 Define the term refraction.Ch. 6 - 6.11 Define the term photon.Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.14PAECh. 6 - 6.12 Find the energy of a photon with each of the...Ch. 6 - 6.13 Place these types of radiation in order of...Ch. 6 - 6.14 For photon with the following energies,...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.18PAECh. 6 - 6.16 Various optical disk drives rely on laser...Ch. 6 - 6.17 The laser in most supermarket barcode...Ch. 6 - 6.18 Assume that a microwave oven operates at a...Ch. 6 - 6.19 Fill in the blanks below to complete a...Ch. 6 - 6.20 When light with a wavelength of 58.5 nm...Ch. 6 - 6.21 The electron binding energy fur copper metal...Ch. 6 - What is the difference between continuous and...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.26PAECh. 6 - 6.23 Describe how the Bohr model of the atom...Ch. 6 - 6.24 According to the Bohr model of the atom, what...Ch. 6 - 6.25 Define the term ground state.Ch. 6 - 6.26 The figure below depicts the first four...Ch. 6 - 6.27 Refer w the data and energy-Ievel diagram...Ch. 6 - 6.28 A neon atom cmi light at many wavelengths,...Ch. 6 - 6.29 A mercury atom emits light at many...Ch. 6 - 6.30 How did the observation of electron...Ch. 6 - 6.31 Why do we use a wave function to describe...Ch. 6 - 6.32 What are the mathematical origins of quantum...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.37PAECh. 6 - 6.34 Which of the following represent valid sets...Ch. 6 - 6.35 A particular orbital has n = 4 and l = 2....Ch. 6 - 6.36 Why are there no 2d orbitals?Ch. 6 - 6.34 What is the maximum number of electrons in an...Ch. 6 - 6.38 How many orbitals correspond to each of the...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.43PAECh. 6 - Prob. 6.44PAECh. 6 - 6.40 Referring to Figure 6.15, draw a 4p orbitals,...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.46PAECh. 6 - 6.43 Define the term spin paired.Ch. 6 - 6.44 On what does the Pauli exclusion principle...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.49PAECh. 6 - Prob. 6.50PAECh. 6 - Prob. 6.51PAECh. 6 - 6.47 Depict two ways to place electrons in the 2p...Ch. 6 - 6.48 Write the ground state electron configuration...Ch. 6 - 6.49 Which of these electron configurations are...Ch. 6 - 6.50 From the list of atoms and ions given,...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.56PAECh. 6 - Prob. 6.57PAECh. 6 - Prob. 6.58PAECh. 6 - Describe how valence electron configurations...Ch. 6 - Why is there no element to the immediate right of...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.61PAECh. 6 - Prob. 6.62PAECh. 6 - 6.55 Explain why the s block of the periodic table...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.64PAECh. 6 - Prob. 6.65PAECh. 6 - 6.60 Use the electron configurations of the alkali...Ch. 6 - 6.61 Using only a periodic table as a guide,...Ch. 6 - 6.62 Define the term ionization energy....Ch. 6 - 6.63 At which ionization for chlorine would you...Ch. 6 - 6.64 Arrange the following atoms in order of...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.71PAECh. 6 - 6.66 Which element would you expect to have the...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.73PAECh. 6 - 6.68 Indicate which species in each pair has the...Ch. 6 - 6.69 Compare the elements Na, B, Al, and C with...Ch. 6 - 6.70 Rank the following in order of decreasing...Ch. 6 - 6.71 Several excited states of the neon atom are...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.78PAECh. 6 - Prob. 6.79PAECh. 6 - 6.92 The photoelectric effect can he used to...Ch. 6 - 6.93 A mercury atom is initially in its lowest...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.82PAECh. 6 - 6.95 A metallic sample is known to be barium,...Ch. 6 - 6.96 When a helium atom absorbs light at 58.44 nm,...Ch. 6 - 6.97 Arrange the members of each of the following...Ch. 6 - 6.98 Arrange the following sets of anions in order...Ch. 6 - 6.99 The photoelectric effect can he used in...Ch. 6 - 6.100 Some spacecraft use ion propulsion engines....Ch. 6 - 6.101 Laser welding is a technique in which a...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.90PAECh. 6 - 6.103 Atomic absorption spectroscopy is based on...Ch. 6 - 6.104 The red color in fireworks is the result of...Ch. 6 - 6.105 When we say that the existence of atomic...Ch. 6 - 6.106 When Bohr devised his model for the atom,...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.95PAE
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- Predict the products of this organic reaction: Explanation Check IN NaBH3CN H+ ? Click and drag to start drawing a structure. D 5 C +arrow_forwardPredict the products of this organic reaction: H3O+ + ? • Draw all the reasonable products in the drawing area below. If there are no products, because no reaction will occur, check the box under the drawing area. • Include both major and minor products, if some of the products will be more common than others. • Be sure to use wedge and dash bonds if you need to distinguish between enantiomers. No reaction. Click and drag to start drawing a structure. dmarrow_forwardIarrow_forward
- Draw the anti-Markovnikov product of the hydration of this alkene. this problem. Note for advanced students: draw only one product, and don't worry about showing any stereochemistry. Drawing dash and wedge bonds has been disabled for esc esc ☐ Explanation Check F1 1 2 F2 # 3 F3 + $ 14 × 1. BH THE BH3 2. H O NaOH '2 2' Click and drag to start drawing a structure. F4 Q W E R A S D % 905 LL F5 F6 F7 © 2025 McGraw Hill LLC. All Rights Reserved. Terms of Use | Privacy Center | Accessibility < & 6 7 27 8 T Y U G H I F8 F9 F10 F11 F12 9 0 J K L P + // command option Z X C V B N M H H rol option commandarrow_forwardAG/F-2° V 3. Before proceeding with this problem you may want to glance at p. 466 of your textbook where various oxo-phosphorus derivatives and their oxidation states are summarized. Shown below are Latimer diagrams for phosphorus at pH values at 0 and 14: -0.93 +0.38 -0.50 -0.51 -0.06 H3PO4 →H4P206 →H3PO3 →→H3PO₂ → P → PH3 Acidic solution Basic solution -0.28 -0.50 3--1.12 -1.57 -2.05 -0.89 PO HPO H₂PO₂ →P → PH3 -1.73 a) Under acidic conditions, H3PO4 can be reduced into H3PO3 directly (-0.28V), or via the formation and reduction of H4P206 (-0.93/+0.38V). Calculate the values of AG's for both processes; comment. (3 points) 0.5 PH P 0.0 -0.5 -1.0- -1.5- -2.0 H.PO, -2.3+ -3 -2 -1 1 2 3 2 H,PO, b) Frost diagram for phosphorus under acidic conditions is shown. Identify possible disproportionation and comproportionation processes; write out chemical equations describing them. (2 points) H,PO 4 S Oxidation stale, Narrow_forward4. For the following complexes, draw the structures and give a d-electron count of the metal: a) Tris(acetylacetonato)iron(III) b) Hexabromoplatinate(2-) c) Potassium diamminetetrabromocobaltate(III) (6 points)arrow_forward
- 2. Calculate the overall formation constant for [Fe(CN)6]³, given that the overall formation constant for [Fe(CN)6] 4 is ~1032, and that: Fe3+ (aq) + e = Fe²+ (aq) E° = +0.77 V [Fe(CN)6]³ (aq) + e¯ = [Fe(CN)6] (aq) E° = +0.36 V (4 points)arrow_forward5. Consider the compounds shown below as ligands in coordination chemistry and identify their denticity; comment on their ability to form chelate complexes. (6 points) N N A B N N N IN N Carrow_forward1. Use standard reduction potentials to rationalize quantitatively why: (6 points) (a) Al liberates H2 from dilute HCl, but Ag does not; (b) Cl2 liberates Br2 from aqueous KBr solution, but does not liberate C12 from aqueous KCl solution; c) a method of growing Ag crystals is to immerse a zinc foil in an aqueous solution of AgNO3.arrow_forward
- What would be the best choices for the missing reagents 1 and 3 in this synthesis? 1 1. PPh3 2. n-BuLi 3 2 • Draw the missing reagents in the drawing area below. You can draw them in any arrangement you like. • Do not draw the missing reagent 2. If you draw 1 correctly, we'll know what it is. • Note: if one of your reagents needs to contain a halogen, use bromine. Click and drag to start drawing a structure. Xarrow_forwardWhat is the missing reactant R in this organic reaction? N N H3O+ +R + • Draw the structure of R in the drawing area below. • Be sure to use wedge and dash bonds if it's necessary to draw one particular enantiomer. Click and drag to start drawing a structure. fmarrow_forwardThe product on the right-hand side of this reaction can be prepared from two organic reactants, under the conditions shown above and below the arrow. Draw 1 and 2 below, in any arrangement you like. 1+2 NaBH3CN H+ N Click and drag to start drawing a structure. 5arrow_forward
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