Chapter 6, Problem 63E

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The table is to be completed by writing the chemical formulas for each of the compounds. The name of each compound is to be stated with the help of stock system name.

Concept introduction:

The compound which is composed of a nonmetal and a metal is known as the binary ionic compound. The overall charge of such compounds is neutral because the oppositely charged metal cations and nonmetal anions are bonded to each other.

In the chemical formula of binary compounds, the cation is present before the anion.

Answer to Problem 63E

The complete table is shown below.

IONS	chloride ion	sulfide ion	phosphide ion
copper (I) ion	$\text{CuCl}$ Copper (I) chloride	${\text{Cu}}_2\text{S}$ Copper (I) sulfide	${\text{Cu}}_3\text{P}$ Copper (I) phosphide
cobalt(III) ion	${\text{CoCl}}_3$ Cobalt(III) chloride	${\text{Co}}_2{\text{S}}_3$ Cobalt(III) sulfide	$\text{CoP}$ Cobalt(III) phosphide
lead(IV) ion	${\text{PbCl}}_4$ Lead(IV) chloride	${\text{PbS}}_2$ Lead(IV) sulfide	${\text{Pb}}_3{\text{P}}_4$ Lead(IV) phosphide

Explanation of Solution

The stock system name is used to provide a proper naming to an ionic compound. According to this system of naming, the cation of the binary ionic compound is named as the same as atom and the anions of the compound ends with suffix -ide. The charge which is present over the metal cation is written in roman number inside the parentheses.

The name of the compound that is formed by the combination of cooper ion and chloride ion is copper (I) chloride. It contains positively charged copper ion, ${\text{Cu}}^{1+}$ and negatively charged chloride ion, ${\text{Cl}}^{-}$. The charge on copper ion is $1+$ and the charge on chloride ion is $1-$. The $1+$ charge of copper ion is neutralized by $1-$ charge of chloride ion. Therefore, the chemical formula of copper (I) chloride is $\text{CuCl}$ or ${\text{Cu}}^{+}{\text{Cl}}^{-}$.

The name of the compound that is formed by the combination of copper ion and sulfide ion is copper (I) sulfide. It contains positively charged copper ion, ${\text{Cu}}^{1+}$ and negatively charged sulfide ion, ${\text{S}}^{2-}$. The charge on copper ion is $1+$ and the charge on sulfide ion is $2-$. The $1+$ charge of two copper ions is neutralized by $2-$ charge of sulfide ion. Therefore, the chemical formula of copper (I) sulfide is ${\text{Cu}}_2\text{S}$ or ${\text{Cu}}^{+}{\text{S}}^{2-}$.

The name of the compound that is formed by the combination of copper ion and phosphide ion is copper (I) phosphide. It contains positively charged copper ion, ${\text{Cu}}^{1+}$ and negatively charged phosphide ion, ${\text{P}}^{3-}$. The charge on copper ion is $1+$ and the charge on phosphide ion is $3-$. The $1+$ charge of three copper ions is neutralized by $3-$ charge of phosphide ion. Therefore, the chemical formula of copper (I) phosphide is ${\text{Cu}}_3\text{P}$ or ${\text{Cu}}^{+}{\text{P}}^{3-}$.

The name of the compound that is formed by the combination of cobalt ion and chloride ion is cobalt (III) chloride. It contains positively charged cobalt ion, ${\text{Co}}^{3+}$ and negatively charged chloride ion, ${\text{Cl}}^{-}$. The charge on cobalt ion is $3+$ and the charge on chloride ion is $1-$. The $3+$ charge of cobalt ion is neutralized by $1-$ charge of three chloride ions. Therefore, the chemical formula of cobalt (III) chloride is ${\text{CoCl}}_{\text{3}}$ or ${\text{Co}}^{3+}{\text{Cl}}^{1-}$.

The name of the compound that is formed by the combination of cobalt ion and sulfide ion is cobalt (III) sulfide. It contains positively charged cobalt ion, ${\text{Co}}^{3+}$ and negatively charged sulfide ion, ${\text{S}}^{2-}$. The charge on cobalt ion is $3+$ and the charge on sulfide ion is $2-$. The $3+$ charge of two cobalt ions is neutralized by $2-$ charge of three sulfide ions. Therefore, the chemical formula of cobalt (III) sulfide is ${\text{Co}}_2{\text{S}}_3$ or ${\text{Co}}^{3+}{\text{S}}^{2-}$.

The name of the compound that is formed by the combination of cobalt ion and phosphide ion is cobalt (III) phosphide. It contains positively charged cobalt ion, ${\text{Co}}^{3+}$ and negatively charged phosphide ion, ${\text{P}}^{3-}$. The charge on cobalt ion is $3+$ and the charge on phosphide ion is $3-$. The $3+$ charge of one cobalt ion is neutralized by $3-$ charge of phosphide ion. Therefore, the chemical formula of cobalt (III) phosphide is $\text{CoP}$ or ${\text{Co}}^{3+}{\text{P}}^{3-}$.

The name of the compound that is formed by the combination of lead ion and chloride ion is lead (IV) chloride. It contains positively charged lead ion, ${\text{Pb}}^{4+}$ and negatively charged chloride ion, ${\text{Cl}}^{-}$. The charge on lead ion is $4+$ and the charge on chloride ion is $1-$. The $4+$ charge of lead is neutralized by $1-$ charge of four chloride ions. Therefore, the chemical formula of lead (IV) chloride is ${\text{PbCl}}_4$ or ${\text{Pb}}^{4+}{\text{Cl}}^{-}$.

The name of the compound that is formed by the combination of lead ion and sulfide ion is lead (IV) sulfide. It contains positively charged lead ion, ${\text{Pb}}^{4+}$ and negatively charged sulfide ion, ${\text{S}}^{2-}$. The charge on lead ion is $4+$ and the charge on sulfide ion is $2-$. The $4+$ charge of a lead ion is neutralized by $2-$ charge of two sulfide ions. Therefore, the chemical formula of lead (IV) sulfide is ${\text{PbS}}_2$ or ${\text{Pb}}^{4+}{\text{S}}^{2-}$.

The name of the compound that is formed by the combination of lead ion and phosphide ion is lead (IV) phosphide. It contains positively charged lead ion, ${\text{Pb}}^{4+}$ and negatively charged phosphide ion, ${\text{P}}^{3-}$. The charge on lead ion is $4+$ and the charge on phosphide ion is $3-$. The $4+$ charge of three lead ions is neutralized by $3-$ charge of four phosphide ions. Therefore, the chemical formula of lead (IV) phosphide is ${\text{Pb}}_3{\text{P}}_4$ or ${\text{Pb}}^{4+}{\text{P}}^{3-}$.

Conclusion

The complete table is shown below.

IONS	chloride ion	sulfide ion	phosphide ion
copper (I) ion	$\text{CuCl}$ Copper (I) chloride	${\text{Cu}}_2\text{S}$ Copper (I) sulfide	${\text{Cu}}_3\text{P}$ Copper (I) phosphide
cobalt(III) ion	${\text{CoCl}}_3$ Cobalt(III) chloride	${\text{Co}}_2{\text{S}}_3$ Cobalt(III) sulfide	$\text{CoP}$ Cobalt(III) phosphide
lead(IV) ion	${\text{PbCl}}_4$ Lead(IV) chloride	${\text{PbS}}_2$ Lead(IV) sulfide	${\text{Pb}}_3{\text{P}}_4$ Lead(IV) phosphide