Bundle: Human Biology, Loose-leaf Version, 11th + MindTap Biology, 1 term (6 months) Printed Access Card
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781305616660
Author: Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillan
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 6, Problem 4CT
At the gym Sean gets on a stair-climbing machine and “climbs” as fast as he can for fifteen minutes. At the end of that time he is breathing hard and his quadriceps and other leg muscles are aching. What is the physiological explanation for these Symptoms?
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You are at the gym and doing strength training. You feel in good shape and should try to break personal records in squats. You place the bar on your back and begin to take in, that is, your motor neurons begin to send action potentials through all your motor units to the thigh muscles.
What is the contraction called when you a) bend down and b) are in good shape and can generate more force than the bar weighs c) stay standing in one and the same position without being able to push yourself up in a standing position?
Most immediate physiological adjustments to exercise occur prior to any change in tissue metabolic demand for oxygen or nutrients. This occurs because exercise increases sympathetic nervous system activity. With your knowledge of exercise and the control of alpha motor neurons by the primary motor cortex of the brain, how does increased exercise influence the sympathetic nervous system?
Discuss the similarities and differences by which Ca2+ activity is involved in initiating muscle contraction in skeletal versus smooth muscle fibers (hint: include Ca2+ sources, proteins it binds to, and signaling cascade it activates leading to contraction). (max 12 sentences)
Chapter 6 Solutions
Bundle: Human Biology, Loose-leaf Version, 11th + MindTap Biology, 1 term (6 months) Printed Access Card
Ch. 6 - In a general sense, how do skeletal muscles...Ch. 6 - In the diagram below, label the fine structure of...Ch. 6 - How do actin and myosin interact in a sarcomere to...Ch. 6 - How does a muscle fiber incur an oxygen debt?Ch. 6 - What is the function of the sarcoplasmic reticulum...Ch. 6 - Explain why (a) calcium ions and (b) ACh are vital...Ch. 6 - What is a motor unit? Why does a rapid series of...Ch. 6 - What are the structural and functional differences...Ch. 6 - Prob. 1SQCh. 6 - Prob. 2SQ
Ch. 6 - Prob. 3SQCh. 6 - The _____ is the basic unit of muscle contraction....Ch. 6 - Skeletal muscle contraction requires _________. a....Ch. 6 - Nerve impulses first stimulate a skeletal muscle...Ch. 6 - Prob. 7SQCh. 6 - Prob. 8SQCh. 6 - Prob. 9SQCh. 6 - Prob. 10SQCh. 6 - You are training athletes for the 100-meter dash....Ch. 6 - Prob. 2CTCh. 6 - Prob. 3CTCh. 6 - At the gym Sean gets on a stair-climbing machine...
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- Kelly was diagnosed with myasthenia gravis. She was mistakenly overdoses on neostigmine (an ACHE inhibitor). After an initial period of intense muscle contractions and difficulty breathing, Kelly loses consciousness. Paramedic respond by manually ventilate her lungs until she can get to the hospital. Explain the reasoning of this response.arrow_forwardAny abnormal condition of skeletal muscles is known as _______________________.arrow_forwardBilly has strained a muscle during a recent badmitton match. Describe a treatment plan to help him recover.arrow_forward
- Loss of muscle tone is associated with which deficiency?arrow_forwardExplain the term Rigor Mortis and describe how it occursarrow_forwardYou are at the gym and doing strength training. You feel in good shape and decided to try to break your personal records in squats. You place the bar on your back and begin to push down, that is, your motor neurons that begins to send action potentials through all your motor units to the quad muscles. 1. What is the contraction called when you a) bend down b) are in good shape and can generate more force than what the bar weighs c) stay standing in one and the same position without being able to push yourself up while standing?arrow_forward
- Which activity would be more likely to create an oxygen debt in an individual who regularly exercises: swimming laps or lifting weights?arrow_forwardIf you completely stopped working out for 6 months, the following would occur: O a) a decrease in muscle fiber type O b) an increase in muscle fiber size O c) an increase in muscle fiber number O d) a decrease in muscle fiber sizearrow_forwardFor the three case studies down below: *Identify the anatomy/physiology involved as related to the Skeletal Muscle. *What is going wrong or has occurred, and how that impacts the Skeletal Muscle specifically. *Provide an explanation for how the Skeletal Muscle responds to the situation. 1) David was walking along the sidewalk in downtown Longview, when his son ran out into the road. David took off quickly in an explosive movement to grab his son from the street. When David returned to the sidewalk with his son, he quickly put his hands on legs as he was breathing heavily, heart rate up, and his legs were tightened and somewhat fatigued. Focus your answer on the actions of the muscles in the legs under this circumstance. 2) Kymani was hanging out at home when his friend offered him a drink of a new energy drink that was being developed by a family member. After Kymani took a few drinks he began to feel weak and lost motor movement/muscle control. He began to have muscle spasms and…arrow_forward
- Describe the changes that occur in skeletal muscle as a result of endurance training. Include a brief discussion on how endurance training improves acid-base balance during exercise. What physiological benefits may happen for an older adult who begins a progressive resistance-training program?arrow_forwardAfter sprinting 100 meters 1) Identify the specific disturbance(s). What is being moved away from set point or resting values? 2) How is (are) the changes detected? What are the physiological sensors? 3) How will body regulate the changes to return to normal? 4) Are there specific interactions between the 2 systems that help detection or help regulate the changes back to rest?arrow_forwardA woman is having an extremely prolonged labor. From her anatomy andphysiology course, she remembers the role of Ca2+ in muscle contractionand asks the doctor to give her a Ca2+ injection to speed the delivery.Explain why the doctor would or would not do as she requests.arrow_forward
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