Essential Organic Chemistry (3rd Edition)
Essential Organic Chemistry (3rd Edition)
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780321937711
Author: Paula Yurkanis Bruice
Publisher: PEARSON
Question
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Chapter 5.9, Problem 18P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The step has greatest free energy of activation in the forward direction has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

  • Reaction coordinate diagram is an abstract one dimensional coordinate which represents progress along a reaction pathway.
  • Reactant: These are the substances initially present in a chemical reaction
  • Product: These are the substances produced from reactants after a successful reaction.
  • Transition state: It is a hypothetical state that occurs in the space between the reactant and products in a chemical reaction.
  • Intermediate: It is a molecular entity formed from the reactants and reacts further to give the products.

    The mathematical relationship between enthalpy (H) and free energy (G) is,

    ΔG0=ΔH0-TΔS

  • In an exergonic reaction the products have a lower free energy than it consumes.
  • In an endergonic reaction the product have a higher free energy than it consumes.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether the first formed intermediate more apt to revert to reactants or go on to form products has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

  • Reaction coordinate diagram is an abstract one dimensional coordinate which represents progress along a reaction pathway.
  • Reactant: These are the substances initially present in a chemical reaction. 
  • Product: These are the substances produced from reactants after a successful reaction.
  • Transition state: It is a hypothetical state that occurs in the space between the reactant and products in a chemical reaction.
  • Intermediate: It is a molecular entity formed from the reactants and reacts further to give the products.

    The mathematical relationship between enthalpy (H) and free energy (G) is,

    ΔG0=ΔH0-TΔS

  • In an exergonic reaction the products have a lower free energy than it consumes.
  • In an endergonic reaction the product have a higher free energy than it consumes.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The rate determining step in the reaction has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

  • Reaction coordinate diagram is an abstract one dimensional coordinate which represents progress along a reaction pathway.
  • Reactant: These are the substances initially present in a chemical reaction. 
  • Product: These are the substances produced from reactants after a successful reaction.
  • Transition state: It is a hypothetical state that occurs in the space between the reactant and products in a chemical reaction.
  • Intermediate: It is a molecular entity formed from the reactants and reacts further to give the products.

    The mathematical relationship between enthalpy (H) and free energy (G) is,

    ΔG0=ΔH0-TΔS

  • In an exergonic reaction the products have a lower free energy than it consumes.
  • In an endergonic reaction the product have a higher free energy than it consumes.

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Essential Organic Chemistry (3rd Edition)

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