Biology: The Dynamic Science
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781337246422
Author: Peter J. Russell; Paul E. Hertz; Beverly McMillan
Publisher: Cengage Learning US
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Question
Chapter 56, Problem 1TYK
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
There are two types of animal behavior, namely the instinctive behavior and the learned behavior. The instinctive behavior is functional and is in a complete form. This is present in an organism from birth and is a genetically programmed response. The learned behavior is the behavior that the species repeat after observing an adult of the same species. This behavior may be necessary for the survival of that species.
Expert Solution & Answer
Answer to Problem 1TYK
Correct answer:
Marler concluded that the white-crowned sparrows learn their species song during the critical period of their development.
Explanation of Solution
Justification/explanation for the correct answer:
Option (b) states that “the song could be learned by white-crowned sparrows if they listened to their species in the critical period of their developmental stage.” The sparrows can sing their species song by the age of 200 days. Hence, option (b) is correct.
Explanation for the incorrect answer:
Option (a) states that “the white-crowned sparrows can only learn their species song after receiving the treatments of hormone.” Hormone treatment will not help these species to learn their species song as they learn the song during the period of their development and start singing at the age of 200 days. So, it is an incorrect option.
Option (c) states that “the white-crowned sparrows can learn their species songs under natural conditions.” The white-crowned sparrows can only learn their species song in a certain period of development and natural conditions are not necessary for the species to learn the song. So, it is an incorrect option.
Option (d) states that “the genetic father is the reason for white-crowned sparrows to learn their species song.” The white-crowned sparrows can learn their species song if they are exposed to the sound of adults of their species. The white-crowned sparrows cannot learn the song until they hear it. So, it is an incorrect option.
Option (e) states that “if they are reared in isolated cages, then they would be able to sing as the ones that could hear the adults.” The white-crowned sparrows in isolated cages would not be able to listen and learn from the adults of their species. So, it is an incorrect option.
Hence, options (a), (c), (d), and (e) are incorrect.
Conclusion
Therefore, it can be concluded that the white-crowned sparrows need to be exposed to adults singing the species song. The exposed species are able to sing their species song in a certain condition as opposed to the species that are kept in a cage.
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19. On the diagram below
a. Label the three pictures as: DNA; polypeptide; or RNA.
b. Label the arrows as: translation or transcription/RNA processing.
c. Add the following details to the diagram.
Promoter region
TATA box
Transcription start site
Transcription terminator
Intron (A,B,C,D)
Exons (1,2,3,4,5)
Splice sites
5' cap
5' UTR (untranslated region)
3' poly A tail
3' UTR (untranslated region)
Translational start (AUG)
Translational stop (UGA, UAG, or UAA)
N and C ends of polypeptide
0000
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labels are not used.
MNNNNNNIN
M
C
B
A
M
D
F
E
H
K
G
8
The diagram below illustrates a quorum sensing pathway from Staphylococcus aureus. Please answer the following questions.
1. Autoinduction is part of the quorum sensing system. Which promoter (P2 or P3) is critical for autoinduction?
2)This staphylococcus aureus grows on human wounds, causing severe infections. You would like to start a clinical trial to treat these wound infections. Please describe:
a) What molecule do you recommend for the trial. Why?
b) Your trial requires that Staphylococcus aureus be isolated from the wound and submitted to genome sequencing before admittance. Why? What are you testing for?
3) If a mutation arises where the Promoter P3 is constitutively active, how would that influence sensitivity to AIP? Please explain your rationale.
4) This pathway is sensitive to bacterial cell density. Describe two separate mutation that would render the pathway active independent of cell density. Briefly explain your rationale.
Mutation 1
Mutation 2
Chapter 56 Solutions
Biology: The Dynamic Science
Ch. 56.1 - Prob. 1SBCh. 56.1 - Prob. 2SBCh. 56.1 - Prob. 3SBCh. 56.1 - Prob. 4SBCh. 56.2 - Prob. 1SBCh. 56.2 - Prob. 2SBCh. 56.2 - Prob. 3SBCh. 56.2 - Prob. 4SBCh. 56.3 - What is the difference between piloting, compass...Ch. 56.3 - Prob. 2SB
Ch. 56.4 - Prob. 1SBCh. 56.4 - Prob. 2SBCh. 56.5 - Prob. 1SBCh. 56.5 - Prob. 2SBCh. 56.5 - Prob. 3SBCh. 56.6 - Prob. 1SBCh. 56.6 - Prob. 2SBCh. 56.6 - Prob. 3SBCh. 56.7 - Prob. 1SBCh. 56.7 - Prob. 2SBCh. 56.7 - Prob. 3SBCh. 56 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 56 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 56 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 56 - Prob. 4TYKCh. 56 - Prob. 5TYKCh. 56 - Prob. 6TYKCh. 56 - Prob. 7TYKCh. 56 - Prob. 8TYKCh. 56 - Prob. 9TYKCh. 56 - Prob. 10TYKCh. 56 - Prob. 11TYKCh. 56 - Prob. 12TYKCh. 56 - Prob. 13TYKCh. 56 - Prob. 14TYKCh. 56 - Prob. 15TYKCh. 56 - Prob. 16TYKCh. 56 - Prob. 1ITD
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