Foundations in Microbiology
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781259705212
Author: Kathleen Park Talaro, Barry Chess Instructor
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Textbook Question
Chapter 5.2, Problem 5CYP
Which eukaryotic cells have a cell wall?
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Normal dive (for diving humans)
normal
breathing
dive
normal
breathing
Oz level
CO2 level
urgent need
to breathe
Oz blackout zone
high CO2 triggers breathing
6. This diagram shows rates of oxygen depletion and carbon dioxide accumulation in the blood in
relation to the levels needed to maintain consciousness and trigger the urgent need to breathe in
diving humans.
How might the location and slope of the O₂ line differ for diving marine mammals such as
whales and dolphins?
•
How might the location and slope of the CO₂ line differ for diving marine mammals such as
whales and dolphins?
•
•
Draw in predicted lines for O2 and CO2, based on your reasoning above.
How might the location of the Urgent Need to Breathe line and the O2 Blackout Zone line
differ for diving marine mammals?
What physiological mechanisms account for each of these differences, resulting in the ability
of marine mammals to stay submerged for long periods of time?
foraging/diet type
teeth
tongue
stomach
intestines
cecum
Insectivory
numerous, spiky, incisors procumbentExample: moleExample: shrew
--
simple
short
mostly lacking
Myrmecophagy
absent or reduced in numbers, peg-likeExample: tamandua anteater
extremely long
simple, often roughened
short
small or lacking
Terrestrial carnivory
sharp incisors; long, conical canines; often carnassial cheek teeth; may have crushing molarsExample: dog
--
simple
short
small
Aquatic carnivory
homodont, spiky, numerousExample: common dolphin
--
simple or multichambered (cetaceans only)
variable
small or absent
Sanguinivory
very sharp upper incisors; reduced cheek teethExample: vampire bat
grooved
tubular, highly extensible
long
small or lacking
Herbivory (except nectivores)
incisors robust or absent; canines reduced or absent; diastema; cheek teeth enlarged with complex occlusal surfacesExample: beaver
--
simple (hindgut fermenters) or multichambered (ruminants)
long
large
Filter feeding
none…
3. Shown below is the dental formula and digestive tract anatomy of three mammalian species
(A, B, and C). What kind of diet would you expect each species to have? Support your
answers with what you can infer from the dental formula and what you can see in the
diagram. Broadly speaking, what accounts for the differences?
Species A
3/3, 1/1, 4/4, 3/3
པར『ན་
cm 30
Species B
4/3, 1/1, 2/2, 4/4
cm 10
Species C
0/4, 0/0,3/3, 3/3
020
Chapter 5 Solutions
Foundations in Microbiology
Ch. 5.1 - Describe the evolutionary history of eukaryotic...Ch. 5.1 - Provide a substantial theory regarding how...Ch. 5.1 - List the eukaryotic groups and their body plans.Ch. 5.1 - Prob. 1CYPCh. 5.1 - Which kingdoms of the five-kingdom system contain...Ch. 5.1 - How do unicellular, colonial, and multicellular...Ch. 5.2 - Describe the plan of a basic eukaryotic cell and...Ch. 5.2 - Describe the types of eukaryotic locomotor...Ch. 5.2 - Prob. 6ELOCh. 5.2 - Prob. 7ELO
Ch. 5.2 - Characterize the cell wall and membrane of...Ch. 5.2 - Prob. 4CYPCh. 5.2 - Which eukaryotic cells have a cell wall?Ch. 5.2 - Prob. 6CYPCh. 5.3 - Describe the structure of the nucleus and its...Ch. 5.3 - Prob. 10ELOCh. 5.3 - Prob. 11ELOCh. 5.3 - Prob. 12ELOCh. 5.3 - Summarize the stages in processing by the nucleus,...Ch. 5.3 - Describe the structure of a mitochondrion, and...Ch. 5.3 - Prob. 15ELOCh. 5.3 - Discuss features of eukaryotic ribosomes.Ch. 5.3 - Indicate the basic structure of the cytoskeleton,...Ch. 5.3 - Prob. 7CYPCh. 5.3 - Prob. 8CYPCh. 5.3 - Prob. 9CYPCh. 5.3 - Compare and contrast the smooth ΕR, the rough ER,...Ch. 5.3 - Compare the structures and functions of the...Ch. 5.3 - Prob. 12CYPCh. 5.3 - Prob. 13CYPCh. 5.3 - For what reasons would a cell need a "skeleton�?Ch. 5.4 - Compare and contrast prokaryotic cells, eukaryotic...Ch. 5.4 - Outline the basics of eukaryotic taxonomy.Ch. 5.4 - Explain what is meant by the term protist, and...Ch. 5.4 - Review the major differences and similarities...Ch. 5.5 - Prob. 21ELOCh. 5.5 - Prob. 22ELOCh. 5.5 - Prob. 23ELOCh. 5.5 - Prob. 24ELOCh. 5.5 - Prob. 25ELOCh. 5.5 - Prob. 26ELOCh. 5.5 - Prob. 16CYPCh. 5.5 - Prob. 17CYPCh. 5.5 - Prob. 18CYPCh. 5.5 - Prob. 19CYPCh. 5.5 - Prob. 20CYPCh. 5.5 - Prob. 21CYPCh. 5.6 - Prob. 27ELOCh. 5.6 - Describe several ways that algae are important...Ch. 5.6 - What is a working definition of a "protist"?Ch. 5.6 - Prob. 23CYPCh. 5.6 - How are algae important? Give examples of algae...Ch. 5.7 - Summarize the main characteristics of protozoan...Ch. 5.7 - Prob. 30ELOCh. 5.7 - Explain how protozoans are identified and...Ch. 5.7 - Prob. 32ELOCh. 5.7 - Prob. 33ELOCh. 5.7 - Explain the general characteristics of the...Ch. 5.7 - Describe the protozoan adaptations for feeding.Ch. 5.7 - Briefly outline the characteristics of the four...Ch. 5.7 - Prob. 28CYPCh. 5.8 - Prob. 34ELOCh. 5.8 - Explain the elements of helminth biology, life...Ch. 5.8 - Prob. 36ELOCh. 5.8 - Discuss the adaptations of parasitic worms to...Ch. 5.8 - Prob. 30CYPCh. 5.L1 - Prob. 1MCQCh. 5.L1 - Features of the nuclear envelope include a....Ch. 5.L1 - Prob. 3MCQCh. 5.L1 - What is embedded in rough endoplasmic reticulum?...Ch. 5.L1 - Prob. 5MCQCh. 5.L1 - Prob. 6MCQCh. 5.L1 - Prob. 7MCQCh. 5.L1 - Prob. 8MCQCh. 5.L1 - Prob. 9MCQCh. 5.L1 - Prob. 10MCQCh. 5.L1 - Prob. 11MCQCh. 5.L1 - Prob. 12MCQCh. 5.L1 - Prob. 13MCQCh. 5.L1 - Mitochondria likely originated from a. archaea b....Ch. 5.L1 - Prob. 15MCQCh. 5.L1 - Most helminth infections a. are localized to one...Ch. 5.L1 - Prob. 17MCQCh. 5.L1 - ________ Rhizopus a. the cause of malaria b....Ch. 5.L1 - Prob. 19MCQCh. 5.L1 - Prob. 20MCQCh. 5.L1 - ________ euglenid a. the cause of malaria b....Ch. 5.L1 - Prob. 22MCQCh. 5.L1 - ________ Trichomonas a. the cause of malaria b....Ch. 5.L1 - Prob. 24MCQCh. 5.L1 - Prob. 25MCQCh. 5.L1 - Prob. 26MCQCh. 5.L1 - Which of these is/are an example(s) of neglected...Ch. 5.L1 - Prob. 2CSRCh. 5.L1 - Prob. 3CSRCh. 5.L1 - Describe the anatomy and functions of each of the...Ch. 5.L1 - Trace the synthesis of cell products, their...Ch. 5.L1 - a. What is the reproductive potential of molds in...Ch. 5.L1 - a. Fill in the following summary table for...Ch. 5.L2 - Explain the ways that mitochondria resemble...Ch. 5.L2 - Prob. 2CTCh. 5.L2 - How are the eukaryotic ribosomes and cell...Ch. 5.L2 - Prob. 4CTCh. 5.L2 - Prob. 5CTCh. 5.L2 - Prob. 6CTCh. 5.L2 - a. How are bacterial endospores and cysts of...Ch. 5.L2 - For what reasons would a eukaryotic cell evolve an...Ch. 5.L2 - Prob. 9CTCh. 5.L2 - What term is used to describe a single species...Ch. 5.L2 - Prob. 2VC
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- 3. Shown below is the dental formula and digestive tract anatomy of three mammalian species (A, B, and C). What kind of diet would you expect each species to have? Support your answers with what you can infer from the dental formula and what you can see in the diagram. Broadly speaking, what accounts for the differences? Species A 3/3, 1/1, 4/4, 3/3 cm 30 Species B 0/4, 0/0, 3/3, 3/3 cm 10 Species C 4/3, 1/1, 2/2, 4/4 E 0 cm 20 AILarrow_forwardNormal dive (for diving humans) normal breathing dive normal breathing Oz level CO₂ level urgent need to breathe Oz blackout zone high CO₂ triggers breathing 6. This diagram shows rates of oxygen depletion and carbon dioxide accumulation in the blood in relation to the levels needed to maintain consciousness and trigger the urgent need to breathe in diving humans. • How might the location and slope of the O2 line differ for diving marine mammals such as whales and dolphins? • How might the location and slope of the CO2 line differ for diving marine mammals such as whales and dolphins? • • Draw in predicted lines for O2 and CO2, based on your reasoning above. How might the location of the Urgent Need to Breathe line and the O2 Blackout Zone line differ for diving marine mammals? What physiological mechanisms account for each of these differences, resulting in the ability of marine mammals to stay submerged for long periods of time?arrow_forwardHow much ATP will be produced during the following metabolic scenario: Aerobic respiration of a 5mM lipid solution that is made up of one glycerol and an 8-carbon fatty acid and 12-carbon fatty acid. Recall that when glycerol breaks down to Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate it costs one ATP but your get an extra FADH2. Every two carbons of a fatty acid break down to one acetyl-CoA. Units cannot be entered in this style of question but the units of your answer should be in mM of ATP.arrow_forward
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