Biology
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781259188121
Author: Peter Stiling, Robert Brooker, Linda Graham, Eric Widmaier
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 51.4, Problem 1BC
Summary Introduction
To determine: The reason for the placenta circulation being similar to pulmonary circulation.
Introduction: In mammals, the fetus develops within the body of the mother and the developing fetus extracts all the nutrients from the mother for its growth. The placenta acts as the connecting link between the body of the mother and of the fetus. The blood flowing in the placenta carries the oxygen and nutrients for the fetus.
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Students have asked these similar questions
After fertilization a developing embryos goes through several changes. At about 2-3 days, what is the embryo referred to as?
Trophoblast or ICM? If cells choose to become trophoblast, they will end up in the placenta. If they choose to become ICM, they will give rise to the 3 germ layers that will make up the rest of the body of the embryo.
Answer the following questions:
What will guide them to make the right decision?
Do they have a choice?
If cells choose to become trophoblast, they will end up in the placenta. If they choose to become ICM, they will give rise to the 3 germ layers that will make up the rest of the body of the embryo.
Explain what rpocesses or mechanisms will guide them to make the right decision. Do they have a choice?
Chapter 51 Solutions
Biology
Ch. 51.1 - CoreSKILL How did Paland and Lynch test the...Ch. 51.1 - CoreSKILL Approximately how many times more often...Ch. 51.1 - Prob. 3EQCh. 51.2 - Prob. 1CCCh. 51.3 - Prob. 1CCCh. 51.4 - Prob. 1BCCh. 51.4 - Prob. 1CCCh. 51 - Prob. 1TYCh. 51 - Which is considered an advantage of sexual...Ch. 51 - Prob. 3TY
Ch. 51 - Prob. 4TYCh. 51 - Prob. 5TYCh. 51 - Prob. 6TYCh. 51 - A major function of FSH is to a. stimulate the...Ch. 51 - During the human ovarian cycle, ovulation is...Ch. 51 - Prob. 9TYCh. 51 - Prob. 10TYCh. 51 - Prob. 1CQCh. 51 - Prob. 2CQCh. 51 - Prob. 3CQCh. 51 - Define asexual reproduction and give three...Ch. 51 - Describe the events of the ovarian and uterine...
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- A Survey of Human Development from Fertilization to Birth 4. The gestation of a fetus occurs over 9 months and is divided into three trimesters. Describe the major events that occur in each trimester. Is there a point at which the fetus becomes more human?arrow_forwardMost mammals, including humans have alecithal type of egg, which means that there is negligible or no amount of stored yolk in its cytoplasm. How would a developing mammalian embryo get its nourishment?arrow_forwardCritical periods of fetal development Human nutrition starts during pregnancy, the moment the fertilized egg attaches itself to the uterine wall and starts receiving nutrients from the mother. At the placenta, the mother and the embryo exchange nutrients, oxygen and waste. In this way, the embryo receives the nutrition it needs to grow, and allows the mother to handle the processing of waste. The nutrients received by the embryo depend on the nutrients consumed by the mother in her current diet, as well as those in her nutrient reserves. If the mother lacks nutrients, the embryo will lack them as well. Red blood cells, bacteria and large proteins in the mother's blood cannot pass to the embryo, but some potentially dangerous substances can. Alcohol, caffeine, illicit drugs, prescription and over-the-counter medications can cross the placenta barrier and enter the embryo. Environmental pollutants such as mercury, arsenic and lead can cross the placenta barrier too. Some of these…arrow_forward
- Describe the development of reproductive organs in a fetus of each gender. Which genes, gene products, and hormones are involved in the sex differences? Which sex- related hormones are circulating in high concentrations in a pregnant woman compared to a nonpregnant woman? Do these hormones cross the placenta (if you are uncertain, consider hormone chemical class relative to membrane permeability to make an educated guess)? Assuming these hormones do cross the placenta, how do they affect the hormonal environment inside the fetus, and how does this relate to fetal reproductive development?arrow_forwardExplain why it is so important that the blood of mother and offspring do not mix together in the placenta. List the structural features of the placenta that contribute to efficient exchange and explain why each is important.arrow_forwardWhich statement does NOT accurately describe somites? series of tissue blocks form the ribs and intercostal muscles paired structures running along either side of the neural tube derived from neural crest tissue on the ventral surface of the embryoarrow_forward
- Ken Doll isn't very smart. He and Barbie are not trying to have a baby. Ken is confused about a few details and asked his friend GI Joe why Barbie became pregnant. "Look, we did the deed on Monday and she didn't ovulate until Thursday. I should have been safe and my 'little swimmers' should have been out of there by then." How should GI Joe explain the necessary information to Ken?arrow_forwardExplain how the structure of the placenta prevents mixing of fetal and maternal blood while allowing for the exchange of substances between the mother and the fetus.arrow_forwardState and explain 5 effects of tobacco smoking by a pregnant mother on the foetus development. (400 words) Identify and explain 5 disadvantages of In vitro fertilisation (IVF) as an intervention to have a baby. (400 words) Why is breast feeding in the first 3month of a baby very important? (200 words) Higher animals undergo sexual reproduction despite its complexity, why. Give 5 reasons. (400 words) Describe five changes that occur in a flower after fertilisation. (200 words)arrow_forward
- A friend in your dormitory, a freshman, tells you that she just discovered she is 3 months pregnant. You know that since she came to college she has been experimenting with recreational drugs. Circle the best advice you could give her, and explain your choice. (a) She must stop taking the drugs, but they could not have affected her fetus during these first few months of her pregnancy. (b) Harmful substances usually cannot pass from mother to embryo, so she can keep using drugs. (c) There could be defects in the fetus, so she should stop using drugs and visit a doctor as soon as possible. (d) If she has not taken any drugs in the last week, she is OK.arrow_forwardOBarrow_forwardWhat activity during oocyte activation prevents penetration by additional sperm? Also, after a sperm finds the ovum, list and briefly describe three main steps that have to occur, between the sperm and the ovum, that would lead to the moment of conception.arrow_forward
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