Campbell Biology, Books a la Carte Plus Mastering Biology with eText -- Access Card Package (10th Edition)
10th Edition
ISBN: 9780133922851
Author: Jane B. Reece, Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Robert B. Jackson
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 51, Problem 51.2CR
Summary Introduction
To review: The differences between imprinting that occur in geese with the song development in sparrow.
Concept introduction: The behavior of the offspring is largely influenced by the environment in which it completes its development.
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Peter Boag, studied the inheritance of beak depth in Galapagos finches by looking at the relationship between parent beak depth (in mm) and that of their offspring. He collected two sets of parent offspring data, once in 1976 and again in 1978. For both years he followed birds to determine which pairs belonged to which nests. Most of the parents had been previously captured so their beak depths were known. He then captured the offspring when they fledged and measured their beak depth. He calculated the "midparent" beak depth (the average beak depth of the two parents) and then compared that to beak depth of their offspring.
Here is what he found in 1976:
Assume that in 1978, all the finches with beak depths less than 9.0 mm died due to prolonged drought. Use your knowledge of how quantitative traits respond to selection and the following relationship, R = h2S, to determine the following:
Selection differential.
Predicted response…
A region of the canary forebrain shrinks during the nonbreedingseason and enlarges when breeding season begins. This change isprobably associated with the annual(A) addition of new syllables to a canary’s song repertoire.(B) crystallization of subsong into adult songs.(C) sensitive period in which canary parents imprint on newoffspring.(D) elimination of the memorized template for songs sung theprevious year.
What behavioral trait(s) prevents interbreeding between different finch species?
Chapter 51 Solutions
Campbell Biology, Books a la Carte Plus Mastering Biology with eText -- Access Card Package (10th Edition)
Ch. 51.1 - If an egg rolls out of the nest, a mother greylag...Ch. 51.1 - WHAT IF? Suppose you exposed various fish species...Ch. 51.1 - MAKE CONNECTIONS How is the lunar-linked rhythm...Ch. 51.2 - How might associative learning explain why...Ch. 51.2 - Prob. 2CCCh. 51.2 - Prob. 3CCCh. 51.3 - Why does the mode of fertilization correlate with...Ch. 51.3 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Balancing selection can maintain...Ch. 51.3 - WHAT IF? Suppose an infection in a common...Ch. 51.4 - Prob. 1CC
Ch. 51.4 - Prob. 2CCCh. 51.4 - Prob. 3CCCh. 51 - How is migration based on circannual rhythms...Ch. 51 - Prob. 51.2CRCh. 51 - In some spider species, the female eats the male...Ch. 51 - Prob. 51.4CRCh. 51 - Prob. 1TYUCh. 51 - Prob. 2TYUCh. 51 - Female spotted sandpipers aggressively court males...Ch. 51 - Prob. 4TYUCh. 51 - Although many chimpanzees live in environments...Ch. 51 - Prob. 6TYUCh. 51 - Level 3: Synthesis/Evaluation 7. DRAW IT You are...Ch. 51 - EVOLUTION CONNECTION We often explain our behavior...Ch. 51 - Prob. 9TYUCh. 51 - SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND SOCIETY Researchers are...Ch. 51 - WRITE ABOUT A THEME: INFORMATION Learning is...Ch. 51 - SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE Acorn woodpeckers...
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- What selection is exemplified by male birds of the same species having more colorful plumage than females?arrow_forwardIn a study in which men and women were asked to sit at a computer and navigate through a virtual maze, the men were able to complete the task more quickly and with fewer errors over five trials than the women (Moffat et al. 1998). What possible proximate developmental mechanisms might be responsible for this sex difference in navigational ability? Use the evolutionary explanation for sex differences in spatial learning ability by voles to make a prediction about the nature of human mating systems over evolutionary time.arrow_forwardWhat fitness benefits might a crayfish that exhibits dominance behaviors gain?(either male or female)arrow_forward
- As a follow‑up experiment, researchers placed the Daphnia that were exposed to the Notonecta chemical cues into a tank without chemical cues. The Daphnia reproduced asexually, and the offspring developed in the tank without chemical cues. Predict the relative size of the crest height and width of offspring raised in the tank without chemical cues as compared to the parent Daphnia.arrow_forwardIf heavy rains caused an abundance of small, tender seeds and fewer large seeds, what do you predict would happen to the average beak size of the finches?arrow_forwardIn an investigation of fruit fly behavior, an enclosed choice chamber was used to test whether the spatial distribution of flies is affected by the presence of a substance placed at one end of the chamber. To test the flies’ preference for different substances, 50 flies were introduced into the choice chamber. A piece of ripe banana was placed at the end of the chamber on side A and a piece of unripe banana was placed at the end of the chamber on side B (Figure 1). The positions of the flies were observed and recorded at the start of the experiment and after 10 minutes (Table 1).arrow_forward
- What are the management restriction (i.e, light,housing and molting) needed with breeder birds, during brooding and rearing as well as in laying and broiler?arrow_forwardFemale mimicry by males occurs in many species. For example, in the Broadley’s flat lizard (Platysaurus broadleyi), some males have the brown coloration of females while others are far more colorful (Whiting et al. 2009). Female mimics do secure some matings in the territories of their larger, more colorful rivals. Why are the bigger males (and those of the marine isopod Paracerceis sculpta) ever fooled into tolerating a female mimic? Why do female mimics occur in any species if the mating success of these individuals is lower than that of the bigger territorial males? Don't write from any online source..arrow_forwardIn the eclectus parrot (Eclectus roratus), mothers sometimes take parental favoritism to extreme lengths by killing their sons, but never their daughters (Heinsohn et al. 2011). Sex-specific infanticide occurs more often at nests that can be flooded during the rainy season. Sons spend longer in the nest than daughters. Link this factor to why it might be adaptive for a parent parrot to kill a son in a vulnerable nest occupied by offspring of both sexes. Don't write from any online source..arrow_forward
- In snouters, mucus color to catch prey shows incomplete dominance. Red mucus color is dominant to yellow mucus color. What kind of offspring could result from snouter parent 1 being homozygous dominant and snouter parent 2 having orange mucus?arrow_forwardWhy do baby wildebeest play? What is the purpose of this behavior?arrow_forwardEuropean cuckoos and American cowbirds are “brood parasites” that laytheir eggs in the nests of other birds. The chicks are generally raised by“adoptive parents” whose own chicks receive less food and often arekilled by the larger intruders. What kinds of behaviors does naturalselection favor in the cuckoo and cowbird chicks? In the adoptive parents?arrow_forward
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